Editing European Union (section)

=== Population ===
[[File:Population density by NUTS 3 region (2017).svg|thumb|right|upright=1|Map showing the population density by [[Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics|NUTS3 region]], 2017, including non-EU countries]]

The population of the EU in 2024 was about 449&nbsp;million people, corresponding to 5.8 per cent of the world population.<ref name="population">{{Cite web |title=Population on 1st January by age, sex and type of projection |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tps00001/default/table?lang=en |access-date=28 December 2024 |publisher=[[Eurostat]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Share of world population, 1960, 2015 and 2060 (%) |url=http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/File:Share_of_world_population,_1960,_2015_and_2060_(%25)_2.png |access-date=28 June 2017 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref> The [[population density]] across the EU was 106 inhabitants per square kilometre, which is more than the world average.<ref name="ec.europa.eu">[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-key-figures/w/ks-ex-23-001 Eurostat, ''Key figures on the EU in the world'', 2023 edition, p. 12]</ref> It is highest in areas in central and western Europe, sometimes referred to as the "[[blue banana]]", while [[Sweden]] and [[Finland]] in the north are much more sparsely populated.

The total population of the EU has been slightly decreasing for several years, contracting by 0.04 per cent in 2021.<ref>[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-key-figures/w/ks-ex-23-001 Eurostat, ''Key figures on the EU in the world'', 2023 edition, p. 19]</ref> This is due to a low birth rate of about 1.5 children per woman, less than the world average of 2.3.<ref>[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-key-figures/w/ks-ex-23-001 Eurostat, ''Key figures on the EU in the world'', 2023 edition, p. 17]</ref> In total, 4.1 million babies were born in the EU in 2021.<ref>[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/w/DDN-20230309-1 Eurostat, "How many children were born in the EU in 2021?"?]</ref> [[Immigration to Europe]] partially compensates for the natural population decrease.

Of the people residing in the EU, 5.3 per cent are not [[European Union citizenship|EU citizens]].<ref name="ec.europa.eu" /> There were 31 non-EU citizenships that each accounted for at least 1 per cent of non-EU citizens living in the EU, of which the largest were [[Morocco|Moroccan]], [[Turkey|Turkish]], [[Syria]]n and [[China|Chinese]].<ref>[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-key-figures/w/ks-ex-23-001 Eurostat, ''Key figures on the EU in the world'', 2023 edition, p. 20]</ref> Around 1.9 million people [[Immigration to Europe|immigrated to one of the EU member states]] from a non-EU country during 2020, and a total of 956,000 people emigrated from a member state to go to a non-EU country during the same year.<ref>[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-key-figures/w/ks-ex-23-001 Eurostat, ''Key figures on the EU in the world'', 2023 edition, p. 21]</ref>

==== Urbanisation ====
{{See also|List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits|List of urban areas in the European Union}}
[[File:La Tour Eiffel vue de la Tour Saint-Jacques, Paris août 2014 (2).jpg|thumb|left|The [[Paris metropolitan area]] is the most populous urban area in the EU.]]

More than two thirds (68.2%) of EU inhabitants lived in [[urban area]]s in 2020, which is slightly less than the world average.<ref name="ec.europa.eu" /> Cities are largely spread out across the EU with a large grouping in and around the [[Benelux]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2006 |title=Urban sprawl in Europe: The ignored challenge, European Environmental Agency |url=http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/eea_report_2006_10/eea_report_10_2006.pdf |access-date=13 October 2013}}</ref> The EU contains about 40 urban areas with populations of over 1{{nbsp}}million. With a population of over 13 million,<ref name="paris_AAV20_pop">{{Cite web |title=Comparateur de territoire: Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Paris (001) |url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/1405599?geo=AAV2020-001 |access-date=10 February 2021 |publisher=INSEE}}</ref> [[Paris]] is the largest metropolitan area and the only [[megacity]] in the EU.<ref name="eurostat">{{Cite web |title=Eurostat – Data Explorer |url=http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=met_pjanaggr3&lang=en |access-date=22 November 2018 |publisher=Eurostat}}</ref> Paris is followed by [[Madrid]], [[Barcelona]], [[Berlin]], the [[Ruhr]], [[Milan]], and [[Rome]], all with a metropolitan population of over 4{{nbsp}}million.

The EU also has numerous [[Conurbation|polycentric]] urbanised regions like [[Rhine-Ruhr]] ([[Cologne]], [[Dortmund]], [[Düsseldorf]] et al.), [[Randstad]] ([[Amsterdam]], [[Rotterdam]], [[The Hague]], [[Utrecht]] et al.), [[Frankfurt Rhine-Main]] ([[Frankfurt]], [[Wiesbaden]], [[Mainz]] et al.), the [[Flemish Diamond]] ([[Antwerp]], [[Brussels]], [[Leuven]], [[Ghent]] et al.) and [[Upper Silesian-Moravian metropolitan area|Upper Silesian-Moravian area]] ([[Katowice]], [[Ostrava]] et al.).<ref name="eurostat" />

{{Largest population centres
| country = the European Union
| stat_ref = metropolitan regions, [[Eurostat]] 2023<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population on 1 January by broad age group, sex and metropolitan regions – Eurostat |url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/met_pjanaggr3 |access-date=29 February 2024 |website=ec.europa.eu}}</ref>
| list_by_pop = Larger urban zone#List of larger urban zones
| div_link = Member state of the European Union{{!}}State
| city_1 = Paris | div_1 = France | pop_1 = 12,388,388
| city_2 = Madrid | div_2 = Spain | pop_2 = 6,871,903
| city_3 = Barcelona | div_3 = Spain | pop_3 = 5,797,356
| city_4 = Berlin | div_4 = Germany | pop_4 = 5,481,613
| city_5 = Ruhr | div_5 = Germany | pop_5 = 5,147,820
| city_6 = Milan | div_6 = Italy | pop_6 = 4,329,748
| city_7 = Rome | div_7 = Italy | pop_7 = 4,227,059
| city_8 = Athens | div_8 = Greece | pop_8 = 3,626,216
| city_9 = Hamburg | div_9 = Germany | pop_9 = 3,423,121
| city_10 = Amsterdam | div_10 = Netherlands | pop_10 = 3,397,323
| city_11 = Brussels | div_11 = Belgium | pop_11 = 3,395,581
| city_12 = Warsaw | div_12 = Poland | pop_12 = 3,269,510
| city_13 = Marseille | div_13 = France | pop_13 = 3,183,476
| city_14 = Budapest | div_14 = Hungary | pop_14 = 3,031,887
| city_15 = Munich | div_15 = Germany | pop_16 = 2,981,735
| city_16 = Naples | div_16 = Italy | pop_15 = 2,980,338
| city_17 = Vienna | div_17 = Austria | pop_17 = 2,971,753
| city_18 = Lisbon | div_18 = Portugal | pop_18 = 2,899,670
| city_19 = Stuttgart | div_19 = Germany | pop_19 = 2,816,924
| city_20 = Prague | div_20 = Czech Republic| pop_20 = 2,796,717
}}