Editing Philadelphia (section)

===Transportation===
{{Main|Transportation in Philadelphia}}
{{See also|30th Street Station|List of SEPTA Metro stations|Philadelphia International Airport}}
[[File:30th Street Station Philadelphia July 2016 002 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Philadelphia's [[30th Street Station]] serves both [[SEPTA]] regional and [[Amtrak]] national trains and is Amtrak's third-busiest train station in the nation.]]
[[File:Thirty St Station.jpg|thumb|The [[Art Deco]]-style [[concourse|grand concourse]] at 30th Street Station, one of the nation's busiest passenger train stations, built between 1927 and 1933]]
[[File:MarketFrankfordLineTrain.jpg|thumb|A [[Market–Frankford Line]] train departing [[52nd Street station (Market–Frankford Line)|52nd Street station]]]]
Philadelphia is served by [[SEPTA]], which operates buses, trains, [[rapid transit]] (as both subways and [[Elevated railway|elevated trains]]), [[Tram|trolleys]], and [[Trolleybus|trackless trolleys]] (electric buses) throughout Philadelphia, the four Pennsylvania suburban counties of [[Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Bucks]], [[Chester County, Pennsylvania|Chester]], [[Delaware County, Pennsylvania|Delaware]], and [[Montgomery County, Pennsylvania|Montgomery]], in addition to service to [[Mercer County, New Jersey]] ([[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]]) and [[New Castle County, Delaware]] ([[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]] and [[Newark, Delaware]]).<ref>[http://www.septa.org/maps/system/index.html "Clickable Regional Rail & Rail Transit Map"]. ''septa.org''. [[SEPTA]]. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> The city's subway system consists of two routes: the subway section of the [[Market–Frankford Line]] running east–west under [[Market Street (Philadelphia)|Market Street]] which opened in 1905 to the west and 1908 to the east of City Hall,<ref>{{cite book |last=Cox |first=Harold E. |year=1967 |editor-last1=May |editor-first1=Jack |title=The Road from Upper Darby. The Story of the Market Street Subway-Elevated. |location=New York, NY |publisher=Electric Railroaders' Association |oclc=54770701 |page=16 }}</ref> and the [[Broad Street Line]] running north–south beneath [[Broad Street (Philadelphia)|Broad Street]] which opened in stages from 1928 to 1938.<ref>[http://septa.org/construction/projects/dilworth/history.html "Renovations to City Hall and 15th Street Stations {{!}} History"]. ''septa.org''. SEPTA. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

Beginning in the 1980s, large sections of the [[SEPTA Regional Rail]] service to the far suburbs of Philadelphia were discontinued due to a lack of funding for equipment and infrastructure maintenance.<ref name=mitchell>{{cite news |first=Matthew |last=Mitchell |title=SEPTA Budget for Fiscal 1993: Continued Rail Retrenchment |work=The Delaware Valley Association of Railroad Passengers |date=April 1992 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 1992 |title=The Delaware Valley Rail Passenger |url=http://dvarp.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/dvrp9206.txt |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507113917/http://dvarp.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/dvrp9206.txt |archive-date=May 7, 2016 |access-date=May 1, 2016 |website=dvarp.org |publisher=[[Delaware Valley Association of Rail Passengers]] }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.abandonedrails.com/Newtown_Branch |title=Abandoned Rails: The Newtown Branch |website=www.abandonedrails.com |access-date=May 1, 2016 }}</ref>

Philadelphia's [[30th Street Station]] is a major railroad station on Amtrak's [[Northeast Corridor]] with 4.4&nbsp;million passengers in 2017 making it the [[List of busiest Amtrak stations|third-busiest]] station in the country after [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|New York City's Pennsylvania Station]] and [[Washington Union Station|Washington's Union Station]].<ref name="PA17">{{cite web |url=https://www.amtrak.com/content/dam/projects/dotcom/english/public/documents/corporate/statefactsheets/PENNSYLVANIA17.pdf |title=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania FY2017 Fact Sheet |website=amtrak.com |publisher=Amtrak/National Railroad Passenger Corporation |date=November 2017 |access-date=January 28, 2018 }}</ref> 30th Street Station offers access to Amtrak,<ref>[https://www.amtrak.com/stations/phl "Amtrak: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 30th Street Station"]. ''amtrak.com''. Amtrak/National Railroad Passenger Corporation. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> SEPTA,<ref>[http://www.septa.org/connect/ "Connecting Transit Services"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180131043719/http://septa.org/connect/ |date=January 31, 2018 }}. ''septa.org''. SEPTA. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> and [[NJ Transit]] lines.<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=TrainStationLookupFrom&selStation=1 "NJ Transit: Philadelphia 30th Street"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126071032/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=TrainStationLookupFrom&selStation=1 |date=January 26, 2018 }}. ''njtransit.com''. NJ Transit. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> Over 12&nbsp;million SEPTA and NJ Transit rail commuters use the station each year, and more than 100,000 people on an average weekday.<ref name="PA17"/>

The [[PATCO Speedline]] provides rapid transit service to [[Camden, New Jersey|Camden]], [[Collingswood, New Jersey|Collingswood]], [[Westmont, New Jersey|Westmont]], [[Haddonfield, New Jersey|Haddonfield]], [[Cherry Hill, New Jersey|Woodcrest (Cherry Hill)]], [[Voorhees, New Jersey|Ashland (Voorhees)]], and [[Lindenwold, New Jersey|Lindenwold]], New Jersey, from stations on [[Locust Street]] between 16th and 15th, 13th and 12th, and 10th and 9th streets, on Market Street at 8th Street, and at 7th and Race at [[Franklin Square (Philadelphia)|Franklin Square]].<ref>[http://www.ridepatco.org/stations/routemap.html "PATCO Maps & Stations"]. ''ridepatco.org''. Port Authority Transit Corporation. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

====Airports====
{{See also|Philadelphia International Airport}}
[[File:Philadelphia International Airport.jpg|thumb|An aerial view of [[Philadelphia International Airport]], the busiest airport in [[Pennsylvania]] and 21st-busiest in the nation with over 13.6 million passengers in 2023]]
Philadelphia is served by two airports. [[Philadelphia International Airport]] (PHL), the larger of the two, is {{cvt|7|mi|km}} south-southwest of [[Center City, Philadelphia|Center City]] on the boundary with [[Delaware County, Pennsylvania|Delaware County]], and provides scheduled domestic and international air service.<ref name=PHL>[http://www.phl.org/Pages/AboutPHL/AboutPHLDefault.aspx "Philadelphia International Airport: About Us"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129195256/http://www.phl.org/Pages/AboutPHL/AboutPHLDefault.aspx |date=January 29, 2018 }}. ''phl.org''. Philadelphia International Airport. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> As of 2023, Philadelphia International Airport is the [[List of the busiest airports in the United States|21st-busiest airport in the nation]] with over 13.6 million passengers. It is also among the world's busiest airports [[World's busiest airports by traffic movements|measured by traffic movements]], including takeoffs and landings.<ref name="ACI">{{cite web |url=http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Monthly-Traffic-Data/Aircraft-Movements/12-months |title=Aircraft Movements: Landing and take-off of an aircraft |website=aci.aero |publisher=Airports Council International |access-date=January 29, 2018 |archive-date=March 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302164544/http://www.aci.aero/Data-Centre/Monthly-Traffic-Data/Aircraft-Movements/12-months |url-status=dead }}</ref> Over 30&nbsp;million passengers pass through the airport annually on 25 airlines, including all major domestic carriers. The airport has nearly 500 daily departures to over 120 destinations worldwide.<ref name=PHL/> [[SEPTA]]'s [[Airport Line (SEPTA)|Airport Line]] provides direct service between Center City railroad stations and Philadelphia International Airport.<ref>[http://www.septa.org/schedules/rail/w/AIR_0.html "SEPTA Airport Line Regional Rail Schedule"]. ''septa.org''. SEPTA. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

Philadelphia's second major airport, [[Northeast Philadelphia Airport]] (PNE), is a [[general aviation]] [[relief airport]] in [[Northeast Philadelphia]], which provides general and corporate aviation.<ref>[http://www.phl.org/Pages/Business/PNE/PNE_default.aspx "Northeast Philadelphia Airport"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129195257/http://www.phl.org/Pages/Business/PNE/PNE_default.aspx |date=January 29, 2018 }}. ''phl.org''. Philadelphia International Airport. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

====Roads====
[[File:BenjaminFranklinBridgeAtNight2.jpg|thumb|The {{convert|9650|ft|m|adj=on|sp=us}} long [[Benjamin Franklin Bridge]] spans the [[Delaware River]], connecting Philadelphia and [[South Jersey]]]]
[[File:2022-10-09 13 33 59 View east along Interstate 76 and U.S. Route 30 (Schuylkill Expressway) from the overpass for Spring Garden Street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.jpg|thumb|The Schuylkill Expressway ([[Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)|I-76]]) eastbound at [[Interstate 676|I-676]] and [[U.S. Route 30|US 30]], also known as the Vine Street Expressway, in [[Center City, Philadelphia|Center City]]]]

[[William Penn]] planned Philadelphia with [[Numbered street#Philadelphia|numbered streets]] traversing north and south, and streets named for trees, including [[Chestnut Street (Philadelphia)|Chestnut]], [[Walnut Street (Philadelphia)|Walnut]], and Mulberry (since renamed [[Arch Street (Philadelphia)|Arch]] Streets, traversing east and west. The two main streets were named [[Broad Street (Philadelphia)|Broad Street]], the north–south [[Arterial road|artery]], later designated [[Pennsylvania Route 611]], and High Street, the east–west artery, which was later renamed [[Market Street (Philadelphia)|Market Street]], converging at Centre Square which later became the site of [[Philadelphia City Hall|City Hall]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://xroads.virginia.edu/~cap/penn/pnplan.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19970430105836/http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CAP/PENN/pnplan.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 30, 1997 |title=William Penn Plans the City |website=virginia.edu |publisher=The University of Virginia |access-date=January 29, 2018 }}</ref>

[[Interstate 95 in Pennsylvania|Interstate 95]], also known as the Delaware Expressway, traverses the southern and eastern edges of the city along the [[Delaware River]] as the main north–south [[controlled-access highway]], and connects Philadelphia with [[Newark, New Jersey]] and New York City to the north and [[Baltimore]] and Washington, D.C. to the south. The city is served by [[Interstate 76 (Ohio–New Jersey)|Interstate 76]], also known as the Schuylkill Expressway, which runs along the [[Schuylkill River]], intersecting the [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]] at [[King of Prussia, Pennsylvania|King of Prussia]] and providing access to [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] and points west. [[Interstate 676]], also known as Vine Street Expressway, links I-95 and I-76 through Center City, running below street level between the eastbound and westbound lanes of [[Vine Street (Philadelphia)|Vine Street]]. Entrance and exit ramps for the [[Benjamin Franklin Bridge]] are near the eastern end of the expressway just west of the I-95 interchange.<ref name=osm>[https://www.openstreetmap.org/?mlat=40.009376&mlon=-75.133346&zoom=12#map=11/40.0297/-75.1527 "OpenStreetMap"]. ''openstreetmap.org''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

[[Roosevelt Boulevard (Philadelphia)|Roosevelt Boulevard and Expressway]], also known as [[U.S. Route 1 in Pennsylvania|U.S. 1]], connects [[Northeast Philadelphia]] with Center City via I-76 through [[Fairmount Park]]. Woodhaven Road, also known as [[Pennsylvania Route 63|Route 63]], and Cottman Avenue, also known as [[Pennsylvania Route 73|Route 73]], serve the neighborhoods of Northeast Philadelphia, running between I-95 and the Roosevelt Boulevard. Fort Washington Expressway, also known as [[Pennsylvania Route 309|Route 309]], extends north from the city's northern border, serving [[Montgomery County, Pennsylvania|Montgomery]] and [[Bucks County, Pennsylvania|Bucks]] Counties. [[U.S. Route 30 in Pennsylvania|U.S. Route 30]], also known as [[Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike|Lancaster Avenue]], extends west from [[West Philadelphia]] to [[Lancaster, Pennsylvania|Lancaster]].<ref name=osm/>

[[Interstate 476]], locally called the Blue Route,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.476blueroute.com/history.htm |title=History of the Blue Route |access-date=January 30, 2018 |work=I-476 Improvement Project |publisher=Pennsylvania Department of Transportation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070219184651/http://www.476blueroute.com/history.htm |archive-date=February 19, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> traverses [[Delaware County, Pennsylvania|Delaware County]], bypassing the city to the west and serving the city's western suburbs, providing a direct route to [[Allentown, Pennsylvania|Allentown]], the [[Pocono Mountains|Poconos]], and points north. [[Interstate 276]], the [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]]'s [[Pennsylvania Turnpike#Delaware River extension|Delaware River extension]], is a bypass and commuter route north of the city, which links to the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] and New York City.<ref name=osm/>

[[Delaware River Port Authority]] operates four bridges in the Philadelphia area, each of which cross the Delaware River to [[South Jersey]]: [[Walt Whitman Bridge]] (I-76), the [[Benjamin Franklin Bridge]] (I-676 and U.S. 30), [[Betsy Ross Bridge]] ([[New Jersey Route 90]]), and [[Commodore Barry Bridge]] ([[U.S. Route 322|U.S. 322]] in Delaware County, south of the city.<ref>[http://www.drpa.org/ "Delaware River Port Authority: Our Bridges"]. ''drpa.org''. Delaware River Port Authority. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> The [[Burlington County Bridge Commission]] maintains two additional bridges that cross the Delaware River. [[Tacony–Palmyra Bridge]] connects [[Pennsylvania Route 73|PA Route 73]] in the [[Tacony, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Tacony]] section of Northeast Philadelphia with [[New Jersey Route 73]] in [[Palmyra, New Jersey|Palmyra]] in [[Burlington County, New Jersey|Burlington County]]. [[Burlington–Bristol Bridge]] connects [[New Jersey Route 413|NJ Route 413]]/[[U.S. Route 130]] in [[Burlington, New Jersey]] with [[Pennsylvania Route 413|PA Route 413]]/[[U.S. Route 13 in Pennsylvania|U.S. 13]] in [[Bristol Township, Pennsylvania|Bristol Township]], north of Philadelphia.<ref>[http://www.bcbridges.org/ "Burlington County Bridge Commission: About Our Bridges"]. ''bcbridges.org''. Burlington County Bridge Commission. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

====Bus service====
{{Further|Philadelphia Greyhound Terminal}}
The [[Philadelphia Greyhound Terminal|Greyhound terminal]] is at 1001 Filbert Street (at 10th Street) in Center City, southeast of the [[Pennsylvania Convention Center]] and south of [[Chinatown, Philadelphia|Chinatown]].<ref>[http://locations.greyhound.com/bus-stations/us/pennsylvania/philadelphia/bus-station-171127 "Philadelphia Bus Station"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130145523/http://locations.greyhound.com/bus-stations/us/pennsylvania/philadelphia/bus-station-171127 |date=January 30, 2018 }}. ''greyhound.com''. Greyhound. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> Several other bus operators provide service at the Greyhound terminal including [[Trailways Transportation System|Fullington Trailways]],<ref>[https://www.trailways.com/destinations/philadelphia-pa/ "Trailways: Visit Philadelphia, PA"]. ''trailways.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> [[Martz Group|Martz Trailways]],<ref>[https://martztrailways.com/locations/ "Martz Group: Locations (enter Philadelphia, PA)"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180130212733/https://martztrailways.com/locations/ |date=January 30, 2018 }}. ''martztrailways.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> [[Peter Pan Bus Lines]],<ref>[https://peterpanbus.com/locations/pennsylvania/philadelphia/ "Peter Pan: Philadelphia, PA Station"]. ''peterpanbus.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> and [[NJ Transit Bus Operations|NJ Transit buses]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/var/var_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=PhillyWhereToGoTo "NJ Transit: South Jersey to Philly (Market Street, Greyhound Bus Terminal and on weekdays at 30th Street Station)"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161018154458/http://www.njtransit.com/var/var_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=PhillyWhereToGoTo |date=October 18, 2016 }}. ''njtransit.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref>

Other intercity bus services include [[Megabus (North America)|Megabus]] with stops at [[30th Street Station]] and the visitor center for [[Independence Hall]],<ref>[https://us.megabus.com/stops "Megabus Stops: Philadelphia, PA"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191209062505/https://us.megabus.com/stops |date=December 9, 2019 }}. ''megabus.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> [[BoltBus]] (operated by Greyhound) at 30th Street Station,<ref>[https://www.boltbus.com/default.aspx "BoltBus Buy Tickets"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090816195601/https://www.boltbus.com/default.aspx |date=August 16, 2009 }}. ''boltbus.com''. Retrieved January 29, 2018.</ref> [[OurBus]] at various stops in the city.

====Rail====
{{Further|History of rail transport in Philadelphia}}
[[File:Suburban Station Facade.jpg|thumb|[[Suburban Station]] with [[Art Deco|art deco]] architecture at 16th Street and JFK Boulevard]]
Since the early days of [[rail transportation in the United States]], Philadelphia has served as a hub for several major rail companies, particularly the [[Pennsylvania Railroad]] and the [[Reading Company|Reading Railroad]]. The Pennsylvania Railroad first operated [[Broad Street Station (Philadelphia)|Broad Street Station]], then [[30th Street Station]] and [[Suburban Station]], and the Reading Railroad operated [[Reading Terminal]], now part of the [[Pennsylvania Convention Center]]. The two companies also operated competing commuter rail systems in the area. The two systems now operate as a single system under the control of [[SEPTA]], the regional transit authority. Additionally, the [[PATCO Speedline]] subway system and [[NJ Transit]]'s [[Atlantic City Line]] operate successor services to [[South Jersey]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/rail/r0090.pdf |title=Atlantic City with service to ... |access-date=November 26, 2007 |archive-date=November 26, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071126230014/http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/rail/r0090.pdf |url-status=dead}}&nbsp;{{small|(218&nbsp;KB) }}</ref>

In 1911, Philadelphia had nearly 4,000 electric [[tram|trolleys]] running on 86 lines.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080802010025/http://www.septa.org/inside/history/trolley.html "Trolley Lines"]. ''septa.org''. SEPTA. Retrieved January 30, 2018.</ref> In 2005, SEPTA reintroduced trolley service to the [[SEPTA Route 15|Girard Avenue Line]], Route 15.<ref>"Philadelphia's PCCs Return to Service." ''Railway Age.''  Vol. 205, No. 10, p. 30. October 1, 2005.</ref> SEPTA operates six subway-surface trolleys that run on street-level tracks in [[West Philadelphia]] and subway tunnels in [[Center City, Philadelphia|Center City]], along with two surface trolleys in adjacent suburbs.<ref>[http://www.septa.org/schedules/trolley/index.html "Trolley Schedules"]. ''septa.org''. SEPTA. Retrieved January 30, 2018.</ref>

Philadelphia is a regional hub of the [[State-owned enterprise|federally-owned]] [[Amtrak]] system, with 30th Street Station being a primary stop on the Washington-Boston [[Northeast Corridor]] and the [[Keystone Corridor]] to [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]] and [[Pittsburgh]]. 30th Street also serves as a major station for services via the Pennsylvania Railroad's former [[Main Line (Pennsylvania Railroad)|Pennsylvania Main Line]] to Chicago. {{As of|2018}}, 30th Street is Amtrak's third-busiest station in the country, after New York City and Washington.<ref name=PhiladelphiaAmtrak/>