Editing Melilla (section)

== Infrastructure ==

=== Transport ===
==== Airport ====
{{Main|Melilla Airport}}
[[File:Melilla Airport.jpg|thumb|Melilla Airport]]
The city is served by Melilla Airport. In 2024, it handled 507,957 passengers. The airport has a daily link with eleven cities in Spain. It's serviced by [[Air Nostrum]], flying to the Spanish cities of [[Málaga]], [[Madrid]], [[Barcelona]], [[Las Palmas de Gran Canaria]], [[Palma de Mallorca]], [[Granada]], [[Sevilla]], [[Santiago de Compostela]], [[Tenerife]], [[Asturias]] and [[Almería]].<ref>{{cite web |date=28 April 2013 |title=Una nueva compañía aérea comunica Melilla con Málaga tras la marcha de Helitt – Transporte aéreo – Noticias, última hora, vídeos y fotos de Transporte aéreo en lainformacion.com |url=http://noticias.lainformacion.com/economia-negocios-y-finanzas/transporte-aereo/una-nueva-compania-aerea-comunica-melilla-con-malaga-tras-la-marcha-de-helitt_al7DnrF8EzxoNwqW64osF6/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216050159/http://noticias.lainformacion.com/economia-negocios-y-finanzas/transporte-aereo/una-nueva-compania-aerea-comunica-melilla-con-malaga-tras-la-marcha-de-helitt_al7DnrF8EzxoNwqW64osF6/ |archive-date=16 December 2013 |access-date=28 May 2014 |publisher=Noticias.lainformacion.com}}</ref>

{{Airport-Statistics|iata=MLN}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%"
! rowspan="1" |Cities
! rowspan="1" |Airport name
! style="width:170px;" |Airlines
! style="width:80px;" |Aircraft
! style="width:80px;" |Frequencies
|-
! colspan="6" |Spain
|-
|Almería
|Almeria Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''Daily'''
|-
|Asturias
|Asturias Airport
|Air Nostrum (Seasonal: July to August)
|ATR 72-600
| '''Tu'''  
|-
|Barcelona
|Barcelona-El Prat Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" | '''Th  Sa''' 
|-
|Granada
|Granada-Jaen Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''Daily'''
|-
|Gran Canaria
|Gran Canaria Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" | '''Tu  Th  Sa''' 
|-
|Madrid
|Madrid-Barajas Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''Daily'''
|-
|Málaga
|Malaga Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''Daily'''
|-
|Palma de Mallorca
|Palma de Mallorca Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''M Tu Th''' 
|-
|Santiago de Compostela
|Santiago de Compostela Airport
|Air Nostrum (Seasonal: July to August)
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" | '''Sa''' 
|-
|Seville
|Seville Airport
|Air Nostrum
| align="center" |ATR 72-600
| align="center" |'''M F Su'''
|-
|Tenerife
|Tenerife South Airport
|Air Nostrum (Seasonal: July to August)
|ATR 72-600
|            '''Th''' 
|-
|}

==== Seaport ====
{{Main|Port of Melilla}}
[[File:(Puerto de Melilla) Aterrizando en Melilla (16668390111) (cropped).jpg|thumb|Port of Melilla]] 
The Port of Melilla is the city's seaport, operating continuously at least since 1908. The port is one of the busiest ports on the Mediterranean Sea, with  646,836 passengers in 2023.<ref>[http://www.puertomalaga.com/dlfile.jsp?./memorias/memoria_2008.pdf Memoria 2008, Annual Report] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709054300/http://www.puertomalaga.com/dlfile.jsp?.%2Fmemorias%2Fmemoria_2008.pdf|date=9 July 2011}}, Port of Málaga site</ref> The port has a [[ferry]] connection to the [[Port of Málaga]], playing a role in the so-called ''[[:es:Operación paso del estrecho|Operación paso del estrecho]]'' ("Operation Pass of the Strait"), the planned seasonal transit of passengers during the summer months from Europe to North-Africa (and back to Europe).<ref>{{cite web |date=2019-06-24 |title=El Puerto de Málaga refuerza desde este martes sus conexiones con Melilla |url=https://www.diariosur.es/malaga-capital/puerto-malaga-refuerza-20190624133242-nt.html |access-date=2020-02-02 |website=Diario Sur |language=es}}</ref>

The city is linked to [[Málaga]], [[Almería]] and [[Motril]] by ferry.
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="650" style="font-size: 85%"
! rowspan="1" |City
! rowspan="1" |Port Name
! rowspan="1" |Shipping company
|-
! colspan="5" |Nationals
|-
|Málaga
|Port of Malaga
|[https://www.trasmediterranea.es/es Trasmediterránea]/ [https://www.balearia.com/es Baleària]
|-
|Almería
|Port of Almeria
|[https://www.trasmediterranea.es/es Trasmediterránea]/ [https://www.balearia.com/es Baleària]
|-
|Motril
|Port of Motril
|[https://www.balearia.com/es Baleària]
|}

==== Evolution of passengers ==== 
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; margin: auto 16px 16px auto; float:left;" |+ ! colspan="5" | Passengers Melilla |- 
|Year 
|Ship 
|Plane 
|Total 
|Change
|-
|2010
|633,044
|292,608
|925,652
|-
|2011
|642,733
|286,701
|929,434
|{{Increase}} 0.41 %
|-
|2012
|810,883
|315,850
|1,126,733
|{{Increase}} 21.23 %
|-
|2013
|783,930
|289,551
|1,073,481
|{{Decrease}} -4.73 %
|-
|2014
|772,124
|319,603
|1,091,653
|{{Increase}} 1.69 %
|-
|2015
|844,260
|317,806
|1,162,066
|{{Increase}} 6.45 %
|-
|2016
|{{Increase}} 889,348
|330,116
|1,219,464
|{{Increase}} 4.94 %
|-
|2017
|833,033
|324,366
|1,157,399
|{{Decrease}} -5.09 %
|-
|2018
|828,659
|348,121
|1,176,782
|{{Increase}} 1.67 %
|-
|2019
|842,983
|434,660
|{{Increase}} 1,277,639
|{{Increase}} 8.57 %
|-
|2020
|234,536
|195,636
|430,172
|{{Decrease}} -66.33 %
|-
|2021
|265,903
|332,446
|598,349
|{{Increase}} 39.10 %
|-
|2022
|641,263
|447,450
|1,088,713
|{{Increase}} 81.95 %
|-
|2023
|646,836
|501,069
|1,147,905
|{{Increase}} 5.43 %
|-
|2024
|711,900
|{{Increase}} 507,957
|1,219,857
|{{Increase}} 6.27 %
|}
Between 2010 and 2019, Melilla saw a steady increase in passenger numbers, with an 8.57% rise in 2019, mainly driven by air travel. However, maritime transport consistently carried more passengers, although air travel showed notable growth, particularly from 2017 onward, with significant increases of 5.09% in 2016 and 8.57% in 2019.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted passenger numbers in 2020, resulting in a 66.33% drop, particularly in maritime transport due to restrictions. Despite the health crisis, maritime transport retained its status as the dominant mode of transport by passenger volume.

Melilla experienced a strong recovery in 2021 and 2022, with growth rates of 39.10% in 2021 and 81.95% in 2022. During this period, air travel led the rebound, though maritime transport continued to be the primary mode of transport in terms of passenger volume. While air travel numbers increased, the ferry remained more popular due to its capacity and the option to travel with vehicles.

In 2023 and 2024, the growth trend slowed with increases of 5.43% and 6.27%, respectively. Air travel continued to grow, but maritime transport maintained its lead in total passengers. This preference for ships can be attributed to their greater capacity and the ability to transport vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-04-05 |date=2025-01-13 |language=es |last=M.R |title="Récord histórico" de vehículos e incremento de pasajeros en el puerto de Melilla en 2024 - MelillaHoy |url=https://melillahoy.es/record-historico-de-vehiculos-e-incremento-de-pasajeros-en-el-puerto-de-melilla-en-2024/}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

==== Public transportation ====
{{See also|Transport in Melilla}}
; Urban bus

The city has a good bus network managed by the ''Cooperativa Ómnibus de Automóviles'', which connects all districts of the city. The price of a single ticket is €0.90, paid directly to the driver upon boarding. For frequent travellers, a more economical option is to purchase a rechargeable Bonobús card, available at kiosks and tobacconists. This card allows you to take ten trips for approximately €8.50.
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
|+Lines
!Line
!Route
!Frequency
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:RoyalBlue;color:white;">Line 1</span>
|Plaza de España - Real
|20 - 30 min
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:Crimson;color:white;">Line 2</span>
|Mercado Central - Plaza de España - Frontera Beni Enzar
|15 min (Monday to Saturday) - 20 min (Sundays and holidays)
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:Lime;color:white;">Line 3</span>
|General Marina - Alfonso XIII - Real
|20 - 30 min
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:DeepPink;color:white;">Line 5</span>
|Torres Quevedo - Cabrerizas
|30 min
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:Aqua;color:white;">Line 6</span>
|Torres Quevedo - Reina Regente - Frontera Mariguari
|40 min
|-
| style="text-align: center;" |<span style="font-size:95%; padding:1px;background-color:Gold;color:white;">Line 7</span>
|Mercado Central - Frontera de Farjana
|20 min (Monday to Saturday) - 40 min (Sundays and holidays)
|-
|}
Prices vary depending on the rate accessed:
{| class="wikitable" border="2"
!Rate type
!Price
|-
|Single/regular ticket
|90 cents
|-
|-
|Wallet card
|75 cents
|}

==== Land transport ====
Three roads connect Melilla and [[Morocco]] but require clearance through border checkpoints.

==== Taxi ====
[[File:1989_Mercedes-Benz_190E_White_HCC21.jpg|thumb|[[Mercedes-Benz W201]], a typical taxi in Melilla]]
Melilla also has a large fleet of taxis with permanent stops in the city center and near border areas (the latter during peak hours). However, most of the vehicles are quite old, second- or fourth-hand, with more than thirty years of age and not particularly comfortable or safe. Many of these taxis do not have seat belts in the rear seats and lack other safety features.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2021-08-17 |date=2021-08-17 |language=es-ES |title=The Environment offers subsidies to the taxi sector to renew its fleet of vehicles |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/medio-ambiente-ofrece-subvenciones-sector-taxi-renovar-flota-vehiculos/ |website=El Faro de Melilla}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref><ref>{{cite news|access-date=2021-08-12 |date=2018-08-11 |language=es-ES |medium=El Faro de Melilla |title=Taxi drivers propose an average fare increase of 15 to 20 cents in Melilla |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/taxi-melilla-plantea-subida-media-precio-viaje/}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

==== Electric vehicle ====
The push for electric mobility is on the rise, driven by various initiatives both locally and nationally. The local government has started taking measures to promote the adoption of electric vehicles in the city, especially through funds and programs such as the [[Instituto para la Diversificación y Ahorro de la Energía|MOVES III Plan]].

Melilla will benefit from a fund of €800,000 from the MOVES III Plan, which aims to incentivize the purchase of electric vehicles and the installation of charging infrastructures. This fund is part of the Recovery, Transformation, and Resilience Plan (PRTR), and its management will be entrusted to the public company 'Proyecto Melilla' (Promesa). The subsidies will cover the purchase of electric vehicles, with an incentive of up to 7,000 euros per electric car, as long as an old vehicle is retired.

In addition to electric cars, Melilla is also focusing on the development of renewable energy, especially photovoltaic energy. The installation of solar panels is being promoted, which will not only contribute to the energy transition but also improve energy efficiency in the city.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-04-05 |title=Melilla will receive around €800,000 for the MOVES III Plan and photovoltaic energy |url=https://melillahoy.es/melilla-recibira-en-torno-a-800-000-euros-para-el-plan-moves-iii-y-energia-fotovoltaica/ |website=melillahoy.es|date=3 April 2025 }}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

=== Energy ===
The energy supply to the city of Melilla aligns with the objectives established in the Action Plan for Climate and Energy (PACES) of the Autonomous City of Melilla.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.melilla.es/melillaPortal/contenedor.jsp?seccion=s_fdoc_d4_v1.jsp&codbusqueda=910&language=es&codResi=1&layout=contenedor.jsp&codAdirecto=512|title=Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla - Plan de Acción para el Clima y la Energía (PACES) de la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla|access-date=2025-03-09|website=www.melilla.es}}</ref>

; Electricity
[[File:Chimeneas_de_Endesa,_Melilla.jpg|alt=Melilla Power Plant|thumb|Melilla Power Plant]]
The Melilla Power Plant, built between 1920 and 1925 by the Compañía Española de Minas del Rif (CEMR), initially provided electricity to the mineral loading dock, later selling power to Gaselec.<ref name="AKROS">{{cite magazine |last=Sanmartín Solano |first=Ginés |url=http://www.melilla.es/melillaportal/RecursosWeb/DOCUMENTOS/1/1_784_1.pdf |title=Historia del cargadero de mineral de Melilla |year=2006 |pages=33–42 |issn=1579-0959 |number=5 |magazine=Akros: Revista de Patrimonio}}</ref><ref name="Aldaba">{{cite magazine |last=Sanmartín Solano |first=Ginés |url=http://e-spacio.uned.es/fez/view/bibliuned:Aldaba-1985-5-2050 |title=La Compañía Española de Minas del Rif (1907-1984) |year=1985 |pages=55–74 |issn=0213-7925 |number=5 |magazine=Aldaba}}</ref> It closed in 1963, was acquired by [[Endesa]], and underwent several expansions over the years, including the installation of diesel engines in 1980 and a gas turbine in 1991. The plant's most recent upgrades include the addition of advanced [[MAN SE|MAN]] engines and Aggreko generators, boosting its power supply capacity. Since 2002, the plant has maintained an [[ISO 14001]] certified environmental management system.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last1=Vidal Pérez |url=http://www.melilla.es/melillaportal/RecursosWeb/DOCUMENTOS/1/0_13111_1.pdf |title=El último embarque de CEMR-ETSA |year=2011 |pages=60–65 |issn=1579-0959 |magazine=Akros 10 |access-date=3 August 2017}}</ref><ref name="barrios2">{{Cite book |last= |first= |title=Historia de Melilla a través de sus calles y barrios |publisher=Asociación de Estudios Melillenses |year=1997 |language= |chapter=}}</ref>

In 2020, the plant became the center of an innovative circular economy project involving the reuse of electric vehicle batteries for energy storage. The "Second Life Battery Energy Storage System" project, which won the BASF award for the best circular economy practice in Spain, allows the plant to store energy and ensure a stable power supply to the city in the event of failures. The plant uses fuel oil and diesel for its operations and sources water from the sea and the city's water supply network, with a wastewater treatment system in place.<ref name="barrios2" /><ref name="M">{{cite web |title=Ficha del Ministerio de la central |url=http://www.prtr-es.es/informes/fichacomplejo.aspx?id_complejo=5193 |access-date=22 October 2017 |website=prtr-es.es}}</ref><ref name="Guía del Modernismo">{{Cite book |last1=Bravo Nieto |first1=Antonio |title=Guía del Modernismo en Melilla |last2=Bendahán |first2=Marcelo |publisher=MAESTRO BOOKS |year=2008 |isbn=978-90-809396-4-6 |language=es, en |chapter=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-10 |title=La central de Endesa en Melilla recibe el premio Basf por su sistema con baterías de coches eléctricos |url=https://www.europapress.es/economia/noticia-central-endesa-melilla-recibe-premio-basf-sistema-baterias-coches-electricos-20201110174011.html |access-date=2021-03-02 |website=www.europapress.es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-19 |title=Endesa, a la vanguardia de la economía circular en España |url=https://www.elindependiente.com/economia/2020/11/19/endesa-a-la-vanguardia-de-la-economia-circular-en-espana/ |access-date=2021-03-11 |website=El Independiente |language=es}}</ref>

'''Fuels'''

The supply of petroleum-derived [[fuels]] to Melilla comes from the storage facilities located in the city's port by the company [[Moeve]]. The transportation of fuel from the port to its [[gas stations]] is carried out by tanker trucks.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-04-02 |language=es |title=Gasolineras en Melilla - Moeve, antes Cepsa |url=https://www.moeve.es/es/cerca-de-ti/gasolineras/melilla |website=www.moeve.es}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

'''Butane and propane gas'''

The company [[Moeve]] has logistics facilities for [[butane gas]] and [[propane]] in the city to meet the demand for these types of fuels. They also distribute butane gas in the city with a lighter type of gas cylinder.<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2025-04-02 |language=es |last=META_AUTORES_CREADORES_DEL_SITIO |title=META_NOMBRE_DEL_PROYECTO_70 |url=https://www.moeve.es/es/centro-de-ayuda |website=www.moeve.es}}<!-- auto-translated from Spanish by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>

=== Water supply ===
[[File:Planta desaladora de Melilla.jpg|thumb|View of the Melilla's desalination plant]]
Melilla's water supply primarily came from a network of dug wells (which by the turn of the 21st century suffered from overexploitation and had also experienced a degradation of the water quality and the intrusion of [[seawater]]),<ref>{{Cite web |date=20 February 2008 |title=El trabajo de la desalinizadora mejora la calidad del agua y la sitúa en los parámetros exigidos por Sanidad y Consumo |url=https://www.diariosur.es/20080220/local/melilla/trabajo-desalinizadora-mejora-calidad-200802200802.html?ref=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F}}</ref> as well as the capture of the [[Río de Oro (Melilla)|Río de Oro]]'s underflow.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2014 |title=Melilla ahorrará un 6% de agua a partir de la segunda fase de planificación hidrológica |url=https://www.europapress.es/impulsamos/consumo-sostenible/noticia-melilla-ahorrara-agua-partir-segunda-fase-planificacion-hidrologica-20140514092711.html |website=[[Europa Press (news agency)|Europa Press]]}}</ref> Seeking to address the water supply problem, works for the construction of a [[desalination plant]] in the Aguadú cliffs, projected to produce {{convert|22000|m3|cuyd|abbr=on}} a day, started in November 2003.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ronda |first=Javier |date=January 2004 |title=Adiós al problema del agua en Melilla |url=https://www.mapa.gob.es/ministerio/pags/Biblioteca/Revistas/pdf_AM%2FAM_2004_29_15_19.pdf |journal=Ambienta}}</ref> The plant entered operation in March 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 September 2009 |title=Espinosa anuncia una inversión de 10 millones para ampliar la desalinizadora de Melilla |url=https://www.europapress.es/nacional/noticia-espinosa-anuncia-inversion-10-millones-ampliar-desalinizadora-melilla-20090929170054.html |website=[[Europa Press (news agency)|Europa Press]]}}</ref> Its daily operation is partially funded by the central government.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 September 2013 |title=El Gobierno financia con 3,9 millones el funcionamiento de la desalinizadora |url=https://www.diariosur.es/v/20130924/melilla/gobierno-financia-millones-funcionamiento-20130924.html |website=[[Diario Sur]]}}</ref> Relative to the Spanish average (and similarly to the [[Canary Islands|Canary]] and [[Balearic Islands|Balearic]] Islands), the city's population spends a comparatively larger amount of money on [[bottled water]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Villarreal |first1=Antonio |last2=Ojeda |first2=Darío |date=9 April 2021 |title=Las dos Españas del agua: al oeste se tira más del grifo y en el resto aprecian la embotellada |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/tecnologia/ciencia/2021-04-09/dos-espanas-agua-embotellada-consumo_3025615/ |website=[[El Confidencial]]}}</ref>

Funded by the [[European Regional Development Fund]] and the {{ill|Confederación Hidrográfica del Guadalquivir|es}}, works for the expansion of the plant's production capabilities up to {{convert|30000|m3|cuyd|abbr=on}} a day started by September 2020.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2020 |title=Arrancan los trabajos para la ampliación de la desaladora de Melilla |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/arrancan-trabajosampliacion-desaladora-melilla/ |website=El Faro de Melilla}}</ref>

=== Waste and public street cleaning ===
Valoriza (part of the [[Sacyr]] Group) is the municipal public cleaning company of the Melilla City Council. Founded in 1985, it is responsible for managing urban solid waste and cleaning public streets. The company employs 354 workers, operates 100 vehicles, has a central machinery park, six auxiliary cleaning parks, four [[Clear Point|clear points]], a transfer station, a pneumatic waste collection system, and a comprehensive waste treatment center, in addition to its central offices. The annual budget of Valoriza exceeds 50 million euros.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lipasam.es/index.php?id=3|title=Recursos de Lipasam|access-date=9 December 2008|publisher=Lipasam|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130706100855/http://www.lipasam.es/index.php?id=3|archive-date=6 July 2013}}</ref>

=== Feeding supply ===
[[File:Mercado_Central_de_Melilla.jpg|alt=Mercado Central de Melilla|thumb|Mercado Central (Central Market)]]
The food supply in Melilla is primarily based on imports from the [[Iberian Peninsula]] and, to a lesser extent, on agreements with [[Morocco]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://elmercantil.com/2025/02/19/armas-mueve-cerca-de-300-camiones-en-el-primer-mes-de-su-linea-motril-melilla/|title=Armas moves nearly 300 trucks in the first month of its Motril-Melilla line|access-date=2025-03-09|last=Mercantil|first=El|date=2025-02-19|website=EL MERCANTIL {{!}} News on the logistics business|language=es}}</ref>

The supply of fruits, vegetables, fish, and meat in Melilla is mainly carried out through the Mercado Central (Central Market), as well as through large commercial retailers. This market is a key point for local trade and the daily supply of essential food for the population.

=== Education ===
[[File:CEIP_Reyes_Católicos_(5256594425).jpg|alt=CEIP Reyes Católicos|thumb|CEIP Reyes Católicos]]
Education in Melilla falls under the jurisdiction of the [[Ministry of Education (Spain)]], which assumes regional and autonomous education responsibilities.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/educacion|title=Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Andalucía|access-date=2 April 2017}}</ref>

Melilla has a good number of nurseries, both public and private, and primary schools, which fall under the authority of the Melilla Autonomous City. Secondary schools are overseen by the [[Ministry of Education (Spain)]] through the Territorial Directorate of Education of Melilla, which includes the following schools: IES Leopoldo Queipo, IES Juan Antonio Fernández Pérez, IES Miguel Fernández, IES Enrique Nieto, IES Russadir, IES Virgen de la Victoria, and CIFP Reina Victoria Eugenia. In addition, there is the [[Special education|Special Education Center]] [[Sofía de Grecia|Reina Sofía]], the [[Adult education center|Adult Education Center]] Carmen Conde Abellán, the Miguel Marmolejo Art School, and the concerted schools La Salle El Carmen, Enrique Soler, and Nuestra Señora del Buen Consejo (HH. Franciscanas de los SS.CC.).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/contenidos/ba/ceuta-melilla/melilla/portada/oferta-educativa/centros-secundaria.html|title=Centros de enseñanza secundaria y FP|access-date=12 August 2021|website=www.educacionyfp.gob.es|language=es}}</ref>

==== Early childhood, primary, and secondary education ====
Melilla has numerous educational centers for different educational levels, including public, concerted, and private institutions.

In the public school network, Melilla has 13 centers for [[Early childhood education|early childhood]] and [[Primary education|primary]] education, 7 [[secondary education]] centers, and 5 adult education centers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.educacionfpydeportes.gob.es/contenidos/ba/ceuta-melilla/melilla/portada/oferta-educativa.html|title=Oferta educativa en Melilla}}</ref>
[[File:Uned-_melilla.jpg|alt=UNED|thumb|[[National University of Distance Education]]]]

==== University education ====
The [[University of Granada]] is present in the city, with faculties in Education and Sport Sciences, Social and Legal Sciences, and Health Sciences. There is also an associated center of the [[National University of Distance Education]] and a Professional Music Conservatory.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.educacionyfp.gob.es/va/contenidos/ba/ceuta-melilla/melilla/portada/oferta-educativa.html|title=Oferta educativa|access-date=4 February 2022|website=Ministerio de Educación|language=es}}</ref>

=== Healthcare ===
[[File:Logo Instituto Nacional de Gestión Sanitaria.png|thumb|National Institute of Health Management]]
Melilla is equipped with the [[Comarcal Hospital of Melilla]], inaugurated in 1988. It also has four [[Health center|health centers]], which are Centro, Zona Norte (Cabrerizas), Zona Oeste (Alfonso XIII), and Zona Este (Polavieja). The healthcare centers in the Health Area of Melilla are managed by [[Ingesa]] (National Institute of Health Management). Construction of the new University Hospital of Melilla began in 2009, with its inauguration scheduled for 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Health Area of Melilla |url=http://www.areasaludmelilla.es/asm/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180804015449/http://www.areasaludmelilla.es/asm/ |archive-date=4 August 2018 |access-date=3 August 2018 |website=www.areasaludmelilla.es }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Europa Press |date=2021-07-04 |title=The construction of the new hospital in Melilla could end by the end of 2022 after ten years of delays |url=https://www.europapress.es/ceuta-y-melilla/noticia-obras-nuevo-hospital-melilla-podrian-acabar-finales-2022-diez-anos-retrasos-20210704172140.html |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=www.europapress.es}}</ref> The healthcare centers in Melilla are insufficient as they are overcrowded due to the high demand for medical assistance from Moroccan citizens. Melilla has the highest emergency room usage rate in Spain due to the Moroccan citizens who cross [[Melilla border fence|the border]] daily, between 25,000 and 30,000,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan. Renewal and Expansion of the National Health System. |url=https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/temas/fondos-recuperacion/Documents/16062021-Componente18.pdf}}</ref> which overload the emergency services due to the legislation on [[Universal health care|universal healthcare]] in the [[National Health System of Spain|National Health System]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-04-09 |title=Melilla, diagnosis of a sick healthcare system |url=https://www.medicosdelmundo.org/Melilla-diagnostico-de-una-sanidad-enferma |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=www.medicosdelmundo.org |language=es}}</ref> Despite the presence of hospitals in [[Nador]], [[Berkane]], [[Al Hoceima|Alhucemas]], and [[Oujda]] in Morocco, they prefer the Comarcal Hospital in Melilla due to the free healthcare provided. Additionally, as children born in Spanish territory to Spanish parents obtain Spanish nationality, there is a significant influx of pregnant women, who sometimes travel recklessly. As a result, Melilla has the demographic peculiarities of being the city with the highest birth rate per capita and the youngest average age in Spain.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Hospital Collapse in Melilla: Patients admitted to prison rooms. News from Spain |url=https://www.elconfidencial.com/espana/2017-07-14/hospital-melilla-habitaciones-presos_1415135/ |access-date=4 August 2018 |newspaper=El Confidencial |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Spanish Nationality |url=http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/ServiciosAlCiudadano/InformacionParaExtranjeros/Paginas/Nacionalidad.aspx |access-date=3 August 2018 |website=www.exteriores.gob.es |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Melilla's Prosecution opens an investigation into the death of a pregnant woman after a cesarean section at the hospital |url=http://www.elmundo.es/espana/2018/04/23/5add976222601dfe468b4642.html |access-date=3 August 2018 |newspaper=ELMUNDO |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=11 April 2018 |title=A woman dies in the hospital of Melilla after a cesarean section |url=https://elpais.com/politica/2018/04/11/actualidad/1523433617_611011.html |access-date=3 August 2018 |newspaper=El País |language=es |issn=1134-6582}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=29 October 2018 |title=Why are there more cesarean sections in Melilla than in the rest of Spain? |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/por-que-mas-cesareas-melilla-resto-espana/ |access-date=8 November 2018 |newspaper=El Faro de Melilla |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The number of babies dying before one year in Ceuta and Melilla triples the Spanish average |url=https://www.melillahoy.es/noticia/113640/sociedad/el-numero-de-bebes-fallecidos-antes-del-ano-en-ceuta-y-melilla-triplica-la-media-espanola.html |access-date=8 January 2019 |website=Melilla Hoy |date=7 January 2019 |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=Europa Press |date=2018-10-07 |title=Ingesa negotiates for the Carlos Haya Hospital in Málaga to be the reference center for Melilla |url=https://www.europapress.es/ceuta-y-melilla/noticia-ingesa-negocia-hospital-carlos-haya-malaga-sea-centro-referencia-melilla-20181007174457.html |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=www.europapress.es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Links of interest |url=http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Consulados/NADOR/es/VivirEn/Paginas/EnlacesDeInteres.aspx |access-date=2022-02-04 |website=www.exteriores.gob.es}}</ref> These and other medical interventions in Melilla and [[Ceuta]] caused losses of 105 million euros in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Melilla Hoy |title=Healthcare for foreigners in the hospitals of Ceuta and Melilla is a massive financial drain on the system |url=https://www.melillahoy.es/noticia/113589/economia/la-atencion-a-extranjeros-en-los-hospitales-de-ceuta-y-melilla-es-una-sangria-millonaria-para-el-sistema.html |access-date=8 January 2019 |website=Melilla Hoy |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=9 April 2019 |title=Médicos del Mundo denounces that public healthcare in Melilla is "overwhelmed" and "underfunded" |url=https://www.cope.es/actualidad/sociedad/noticias/medicos-del-mundo-denuncia-que-sanidad-publica-melilla-esta-desbordada-infrafinanciada-20190409_391243 |access-date=10 April 2019 |website=COPE |language=es}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2019 |title=Melilla's healthcare system is sick and underfunded |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/la-sanidad-de-melilla-esta-enferma-y-no-cuenta-con-suficiente-financiacion/ |access-date=11 April 2019 |website=El Faro de Melilla |language=es-ES}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=10 April 2019 |title=Keys to cure Melilla's healthcare |url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/claves-para-curar-la-sanidad-de-melilla/ |access-date=11 April 2019 |website=El Faro de Melilla |language=es-ES}}</ref>

=== Security ===
==== Public safety ====
[[File:112 logo.jpg|thumb|[[112 (emergency telephone number)|112 Emergency]]]] In Melilla, the [[112 (emergency telephone number)|112 Emergency]] system is operational. Through the free phone number 112, it addresses any emergency situation related to health emergencies, [[disasters]], [[Firefighting|fire extinguishing]], rescue, public safety, and civil protection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.melilla.es/melillaportal/contenedor.jsp?seccion=s_fact_d4_v1.jsp&contenido=29841&nivel=1400&tipo=2&codResi=1&evento=1|title=Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla - Emergency Phone 112|access-date=2025-03-09|website=www.melilla.es}}</ref>

The public safety strategy established in Melilla for large events involving the mobilization and gathering of people, such as the spring festivals of Holy Week and the Fair, or high-risk football matches such as those with the highest local rivalry, or other high-tension and interest events, is planned by an organization called the Center for Operational Coordination of the Melilla City Hall (Cecop). Its contact number is 112, and it includes the participation of the security forces of the [[National Police Corps (Spain)|National Police]], [[Municipal police|Local Police]], [[Civil Protection]], and [[Firefighters]]. In addition to the members of Cecop, the maintenance of public safety involves other entities in their specific competencies and responsibilities, such as the [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Civil Guard]], [[Red Cross]], and the emergency medical service known as 061.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.epes.es/cocoon/index.html|title=061 Andalucía|access-date=8 December 2008|editor=Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Salud. Empresa Pública de Emergencias Sanitarias (EPES)|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100724035443/http://www.epes.es/cocoon/index.html|archive-date=24 July 2010}}</ref> Additionally, the [[National Police Corps#Superior Police Headquarters|Superior Police Headquarters]] of Melilla of the [[National Police Corps]] and the Melilla Command, the Melilla Rural Company, and the C.O.S. of the [[Civil Guard (Spain)|Civil Guard]] play key roles in public safety.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.guardiacivil.es/es/institucional/directorio/index.html?buscar=true&query=&codPos=&provinces=melilla |title=Main Home Template |access-date=2022-07-07 |author=General Directorate of the Civil Guard |website=www.guardiacivil.es| language=es}}</ref>

==== Defense ====
[[File:Coat of Arms of the of the 52nd Regulares Light Infantry Group.svg|thumb|Coat of Arms of the [[Regulares|Regulares Group of Melilla No. 52]]]] The Melilla General Command is a unit of the [[Spanish Army]], responsible for the defense and security of the autonomous city of Melilla and its area of influence. It is made up of the following military units: 

* [[Regulares|Regulares Group of Melilla No. 52]]
* First Gran Capitán Tercio of the [[Spanish Legion]]
* Armored Cavalry Regiment Alcántara No. 10
* Mixed Artillery Regiment No. 32
* Engineers Regiment No. 8
* Transmissions Battalion XVIII
* Logistics Group
* Artillery Group G.A.A.A.L. VII
* Melilla Marine Company (the oldest body in Spain)<ref>{{Cite web |title=La Compañía de Mar de Melilla: marinos en la unidad más antigua del Ejército de Tierra |url=https://www.outono.net/elentir/2015/09/02/la-compania-de-mar-de-melilla-marinos-en-la-unidad-mas-antigua-del-ejercito-de-tierra/ |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=Defensa y Aviación |language=es}}</ref>
* Military Airport of the Air Force

=== Social services ===
The [[social services]] provided in the city of Melilla include the provision of protection, [[guardianship]], and social promotion services for individuals or groups in disadvantaged situations, both from local, autonomous community, or private charitable entities, such as [[Caritas Spain|Caritas]], [[Red Cross]], or other [[NGOs]]. The Autonomous City classifies social services into community and specialized services.<ref>{{Cite web |author=Consejería para la Igualdad y Bienestar Social |title=What are community social services? |url=http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/igualdadybienestarsocial/export/Servicios_Sociales_Comunitarios/HTML/Respuesta1.html |access-date=14 June 2011}}</ref>

The Community Social Services in Melilla are managed by the Social Welfare and Solidarity Department of the City Hall. The social services offered are divided into four distinct action groups: the Social Information, Orientation, and Evaluation Service (SIVO), the Social Coexistence and Reintegration Service (CORE), the Home Assistance Service, the Social Cooperation Service, and the Dependency Care Service.

The Specialized Social Services address more specific and detailed needs and are developed in three lines of action: homelessness and immigrants (COIS), slum population, and emergency situations. These specialized services are divided into the care of the following population groups: [[elderly]], [[disabled]], [[children]] and [[families]], homeless individuals, [[drug addicts]], and [[immigrants]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla - Servicios Sociales |url=https://www.melilla.es/melillaportal/contenedor.jsp?seccion=distribuidor_menus_texto.jsp&language=es&codResi=1&codMenuPN=601&codMenuSN=2&codMenu=145&layout=contenedor.jsp |access-date=2025-03-25 |website=www.melilla.es}}</ref>

=== Wi-fi zones ===
The ''Melilla en Red'' project consists of the establishment of 5 [[Wi-Fi|Wi-fi]] zones providing free and wireless access to [[Internet]]. Currently, 21 Wi-Fi points are operational, available in eleven public buildings (the assembly, library, cultural classrooms for seniors, the Exhibition and Congress Palace, or the Javier Imbroda Pavilion) and ten public spaces in the city (Lobera Park, Hernández Park, San Lorenzo Multifunctional Square, Noray Port, Spain Square, or the Plaza de las Culturas). The navigation speed is slow, but in Melilla, access to all pages is available.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://elfarodemelilla.es/melilla-habilitara-cinco-nuevas-zonas-con-wi-fi-gratis-este-ano-en-la-ciudad/|title=Melilla will enable five new zones with free Wi-Fi in the city this year - El Faro de Melilla|access-date=2025-03-11|language=es}}</ref>