Editing Jupiter (god) (section)

=== Iuventas ===
{{See also|Iuventas}}

Along with ''Terminus'', '' Iuventas'' (also known as ''Iuventus'' and ''Iuunta'') represents an aspect of Jupiter (as the legend of her refusal to leave the Capitol Hill demonstrates. Her name has the same root as [[Juno (mythology)|Juno]] (from ''Iuu-'', "young, youngster"); the ceremonial litter bearing the sacred goose of Juno Moneta stopped before her ''sacellum'' on the festival of the goddess. Later, she was identified with the Greek [[Hebe (mythology)|Hebe]]. The fact that Jupiter is related to the concept of youth is shown by his epithets ''Puer'', ''Iuuentus'' and ''Ioviste'' (interpreted as "the youngest" by some scholars).{{sfnp|Wissowa|1912|page=135}}{{sfnp|Dumézil|1974|p={{pn|date=September 2023}}}}{{sfnp|Dumézil|1977|pp=185–186}}<ref>C. W. Atkins "Latin 'Iouiste' et le vocabulaire religieux indoeuropéen" in ''Mélanges Benveniste'' Paris, 1975, pp. 527–535.</ref> Dumézil noted the presence of the two minor sovereign deities Bagha and [[Aryaman]] beside the Vedic sovereign gods Varuna and Mitra (though more closely associated with Mitra); the couple would be reflected in Rome by ''Terminus'' and ''Iuventas''. Aryaman is the god of young soldiers. The function of ''Iuventas'' is to protect the ''iuvenes'' (the ''novi togati'' of the year, who are required to offer a sacrifice to Jupiter on the Capitol)<ref>{{harvp|Wissowa|1912|page=135}}, citing Servius Danielis ''Eclogae'' IV 50.</ref> and the Roman soldiers (a function later attributed to Juno). King Servius Tullius, in reforming the Roman social organisation, required that every adolescent offer a coin to the goddess of youth upon entering adulthood.<ref>Piso apud Dionysius of Halicarnassus ''Rom. Antiquities'' IV 15, 5.</ref>

In Dumézil's analysis, the function of ''Iuventas'' (the personification of youth), was to control the entrance of young men into society and protect them until they reach the age of ''iuvenes'' or ''iuniores'' (i.e. of serving the state as soldiers).{{sfnp|Dumézil|1977|pp=185–186}}

A temple to ''Iuventas'' was promised in 207 BC by consul [[Marcus Livius Salinator]] and dedicated in 191 BC.<ref>Livy XXXV 36, 5.</ref>