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==References== ===Citations=== {{Reflist}} ===Bibliography=== {{refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite journal|title=Between Gallipoli and D-Day: Alhucemas, 1925|first=José E.|last=Álvarez|journal=[[The Journal of Military History]]|volume=63|issue=1|year=1999|jstor=120334|doi=10.2307/120334|page=97}} * {{Cite journal|title=El sistema colonial fenicio y sus pautas de organización|first=María Eugenia|author-link=María Eugenia Aubet|last=Aubet|journal=Mainake|issn=0212-078X|issue=28|year=2006<!--|pages=35–47-->|page=36|url=https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2582158.pdf}} * {{Cite book|chapter=Spain: The Double Breakdown|last=Bernecker|first=Walter L.|year=2000|title=Conditions of Democracy in Europe, 1919–39. Systematic Case Studies|editor-first=Dirk|editor-last=Berg-Schlosser|editor-first2=Jeremy|editor-last2=Mitchell|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Press Ltd]]|isbn=0-333-64828-5}} * {{Cite book|url=http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/descargaPdf/los-griegos-en-la-pennsula-ibrica-siglos-viiv-ac-analogas-con-la-colonizacin-griega-en-el-mar-negro-clquida-0/|via=[[Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes]]|chapter=Los griegos en la Península Ibérica, siglos VII-V a.C. Analogías con la colonización griega en el Mar Negro (Cólquida)|title=Homenaje a García y Bellido 5. Anejos de Gerión|issue=1|year=1988<!--|pages=9–18-->|first=José María|last=Blázquez}} * {{Cite book|editor-last=Carr|editor-first=Raymond|url=https://archive.org/details/spain1808197502edcarr|title=Spain: A History|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-280236-1}}, 900pp; a standard scholarly history ** {{Cite book|last=Carr|first=Raymond|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1025648814|title=España, 1808–1975|date=2008|publisher=Ariel|isbn=978-84-344-6615-9|oclc=1025648814}} * {{Cite book|last=Casey|first=James|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/449906085|title=Early modern Spain : a social history|date=2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-13813-2|oclc=449906085}} [https://www.amazon.com/dp/0415206871 excerpt and text search] * {{cite book|last=Collins|first=Roger|chapter=Visigothic Spain, 409–711|title=Spain: A History|url=https://archive.org/details/spainhistory00carr|url-access=registration|editor=Raymond Carr|year=2000|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19280-236-1}} * {{cite book|last=Collins|first=Roger|year=2004|title=Visigothic Spain, 409–711|place=Oxford|publisher=Blackwell Publishing|isbn=0-631-18185-7}} * {{cite book|first=J. H.|last=Elliott|title=Imperial Spain 1469–1716|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=0DoY6VKNSC0C|page=404}}|year=2002|orig-year=1970|publisher=Penguin|page=404|isbn=978-0141925578}} * {{cite book|last=Gerber|first=Jane|year=1992|title=The Jews of Spain: A History of the Sephardic Experience|place=New York|publisher=Free Press|isbn=978-0-02911-573-2|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780029115732}} * {{cite book|last=Graetz|first=Heinrich|year=1894|title=History of the Jews|url=http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43337/43337-0.txt|volume=3|place=Philadelphia|publisher=The Jewish Publication Society of America|asin=B000JRBM60}} * {{cite book|first=Richard|last=Herr|title=Modern Spain: An Historical Essay|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=--nxWSoFH2cC|page=72}}|year=1974|publisher=U. of California Press|isbn=978-0520025349}} * {{Cite journal|title=The Azaña Regime in Perspective (Spain, 1931–1933)|author-link=Gabriel Jackson (Hispanist)|journal=[[The American Historical Review]]|volume=64|issue=2|last=Jackson|first=Gabriel|issn=0002-8762|year=1959|pages=282–300|doi=10.2307/1845444|jstor=1845444}} * {{cite book|last=Lirola Delgado|first=Jorge|title=El poder naval de Al-Ándalus en la época del califato omeya.|year=1993|publisher=Granada: Universidad de Granada|isbn=978-84-338-1797-6}} * {{Cite book|url=https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/19629/12/8.pdf|page=36|title=Los celtíberos|year=1997|isbn=84-7908-335-2|first=Alberto J.|last=Lorrio|publisher=Universidad de Alicante}} * {{Cite journal|last=Marín-Guzmán|first=Roberto|date=1991|title=Ethnic groups and social classes in Muslim Spain|jstor=20840024|journal=Islamic Studies|volume=30|issue=1/2|pages=37–66|issn=0578-8072}} * {{Cite journal|last=Martorell Linares|first=Miguel Ángel|title=La crisis parlamentaria de 1913–1917. La quiebra del sistema de relaciones parlamentarias de la Restauración|location=Madrid|publisher=[[Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales|Centro de Estudios Constitucionales]]|journal=Revista de Estudios Políticos|issue=96|year=1997|page=146}} * {{cite web|author=Metropolitan Museum of Art|title=Belt Buckle 550–600|url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/466162|website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|ref={{sfnRef|The Metropolitan Museum of Art, "Belt Buckle 550–600"}}}} * {{Cite journal|url=https://revistaayer.com/sites/default/files/articulos/103-1-ayer103_OTAN.pdf|title=El final de la utopía. Los intelectuales y el referéndum de la OTAN en 1986|first=Javier|volume=103|year=2016|journal=Ayer|last=Muñoz Soro|pages=19–21|access-date=2021-10-25|archive-date=2021-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211025200458/https://revistaayer.com/sites/default/files/articulos/103-1-ayer103_OTAN.pdf|url-status=dead}} * {{Cite book|last=Payne|first=Stanley G.|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=Do9-7xYWIycC}}|title=A History of Spain and Portugal|date=1973|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-06270-5|volume=1 Before 1700|ref={{sfnref|Payne|1973a}}}} [http://libro.uca.edu/payne1/index.htm Full text] * {{Cite book|last=Payne|first=Stanley G.|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=f6jYvgEACAAJ}}|title=A History of Spain and Portugal|date=1973|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|isbn=978-0-299-06270-5|volume=2 After 1700|ref={{sfnref|Payne|1973b}}}} [http://libro.uca.edu/payne2/index.htm Full Text] * {{Cite journal|title=La presencia neopúnica en la Alta Andalucía: a propósito de algunos referentes arquitectónicos y culturales de época bárquida (237–205 a.C.)|first=Fernando|last=Prados Martínez|journal=Gerión|issn=0213-0181|volume=25|issue=1|year=2007|<!--pages=83–110|-->page=85|url=https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/16689/1/gerion2008prados.pdf}} * {{Cite book|first=Francisco J.|last=Romero Salvadó|chapter=Spain's Revolutionary Crisis of 1917: A Reckless Gamble|title=The Agony of Spanish Liberalism. From Revolution to Dictatorship 1913–23|editor-first=Francisco J.|editor-last=Romero Salvadó|editor-first2=Angel|editor-last2=Smith|isbn=978-1-349-36383-4|doi=10.1057/9780230274648|year=2010}} * {{Cite book|url={{google books|plainurl=y|id=lE5dDwAAQBAJ|page=69}}|page=69|last=Romero Salvadó|title=Twentieth-Century Spain: Politics and Society, 1898–1998|publisher=[[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan Press]]|year=1999|isbn=978-0-333-63697-8|first=Francisco J.}}{{Dead link|date=February 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} * {{cite book|last=Roth|first=Norman|year=1994|title=Jews, Visigoths, and Muslims in Medieval Spain: Cooperation and Conflict|place=Leiden, New York, Köln|publisher=Brill|isbn=978-9-00409-971-5}} * {{Cite journal|url=https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/UNIS/article/view/37825/36602/0|title=El referendum sobre la permanencia de España en la OTAN|first=Juan Antonio|last=Martínez Sánchez|journal=UNISCI Discussion Papers|issue=26|year=2011|volume=26|issn=1696-2206|page=306|doi=10.5209/rev_UNIS.2011.v26.37825|doi-access=free}} * {{cite book|first=Rhea Marsh|last=Smith|title=Spain: A Modern History|url=https://archive.org/details/spainmodernhisto00smit|url-access=registration|year=1965|publisher=University of Michigan Press}} * {{cite web|last=Salvador Conejo|first=Diego|url=https://www.rutasconhistoria.es/loc/cripta-visigoda-de-san-antolin|title=Cripta visigoda de San Antolín|website=Rutas con historia|access-date=April 19, 2020|ref={{sfnRef|Salvador Conejo, ''Cripta visigoda de San Antolín''}}}} * {{cite book|last=Thomas|first=Hugh|author-link=Hugh Thomas, Baron Thomas of Swynnerton|title=Rivers of Gold|year=2003|publisher=Random House|location=New York|isbn=978-0375502040}}; the first book in a trilogy about the Spanish Empire. ** ''The Golden Age: The Spanish Empire of Charles V'' (2010); the second book in the trilogy Published in the United States as ''The Golden Empire: Spain, Charles V, and the Creation of America'' (2011). ** ''World Without End: The Global Empire of [[Philip II of Spain|Philip II]]'' (2014); the third volume in the trilogy * {{Cite journal|year=1999|title=Los Bárquidas y la conquista de la península ibérica|location=Madrid|publisher=[[Complutense University of Madrid|Ediciones Complutense]]|journal=Gerión|volume=17|url=https://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/GERI/article/view/GERI9999110263A/14383|first=Carlos G.|last=Wagner|pages=263–264}} * {{cite book|author1-last=Waldman|first1=Carl|author2-last=Mason|first2=Catherine|title=Encyclopedia of European Peoples|year=2006|location=New York|publisher=Facts on File|isbn=978-0816049646}} {{refend}}
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