Editing The Chronicles of Narnia (section)

==Influences on other works==
''The Chronicles of Narnia'' is considered a classic of [[children's literature]].<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/9694561/CS-Lewis-Chronicles-of-Narnia-author-honoured-in-Poets-corner.html "CS Lewis, Chronicles of Narnia author, honoured in Poets' corner"]. The Telegraph. Retrieved 24 February 2013</ref><ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-20426778 "CS Lewis to be honoured in Poets' Corner"]. BBC News. Retrieved 23 November 2012</ref>

===Influences on literature===
''The Chronicles of Narnia'' has been a significant influence on both adult and children's fantasy literature in the post-World War II era. In 1976, the scholar Susan Cornell Poskanzer praised Lewis for his "strangely powerful fantasies". Poskanzer argued that children could relate to ''Narnia'' books because the heroes and heroines were realistic characters, each with their own distinctive voice and personality. Furthermore, the protagonists become powerful kings and queens who decide the fate of kingdoms, while the adults in the ''Narnia'' books tended to be buffoons, which by inverting the normal order of things was pleasing to many youngsters. However, Poskanzer criticized Lewis for what she regarded as scenes of gratuitous violence, which she felt were upsetting to children. Poskanzer also noted Lewis presented his Christian message subtly enough as to avoid boring children with overt sermonizing.<ref name="Poskanzer">{{cite journal|last=Poskanzer|first=Susan Cornell|title=Thoughts on C. S. Lewis and the Chronicles of Narnia|journal=Language Arts|volume=53|issue=5|date=May 1976|pages=523–526}}</ref>

Examples include:

[[Philip Pullman]]'s fantasy series, ''[[His Dark Materials]]'', is seen as a response to ''The Chronicles''. Pullman is a self-described [[atheist]] who wholly rejects the spiritual themes that permeate ''The Chronicles'', yet his series nonetheless addresses many of the same issues and introduces some similar character types, including talking animals. In another parallel, the first books in each series – Pullman's ''[[Northern Lights (Pullman novel)|Northern Lights]]'' and ''The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe'' – both open with a young girl hiding in a wardrobe.<ref name="Miller">{{cite magazine|last=Miller|first=Laura|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/12/26/051226fa_fact|title=Far From Narnia|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|date=26 December 2005}}</ref><ref name="Fantasy">{{cite web|last=Young|first=Cathy|author-link=Cathy Young|url=http://www.reason.com/news/show/124392.html|title=A Secular Fantasy&nbsp;– The flawed but fascinating fiction of Philip Pullman|work=[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]|date=March 2008}}</ref><ref name="AtheistChronicles">{{cite web|last=Chattaway|first=Peter T.|url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2007/december/12.36.html|title=The Chronicles of Atheism|work=[[Christianity Today]]|date=December 2007}}</ref>

[[Bill Willingham]]'s comic book series ''[[Fables (comics)|Fables]]'' makes reference at least twice to a king called "The Great Lion", a thinly veiled reference to Aslan. The series avoids explicitly referring to any characters or works that are not in the public domain.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

The novel ''[[Bridge to Terabithia (novel)|Bridge to Terabithia]]'' by [[Katherine Paterson]] has Leslie, one of the main characters, reveal to Jesse her love of Lewis's books, subsequently lending him ''The Chronicles of Narnia'' so that he can learn how to behave like a king. Her book also features the island name "Terabithia", which sounds similar to [[Narnia (world)#Eastern Ocean|Terebinthia]], a Narnian island that appears in ''Prince Caspian'' and ''The Voyage of the Dawn Treader''. Katherine Paterson herself acknowledges that Terabithia is likely to be derived from Terebinthia:
<blockquote>I thought I had made it up. Then, rereading ''The Voyage of the Dawn Treader'' by C. S. Lewis, I realized that I had probably gotten it from the island of Terebinthia in that book. However, Lewis probably got that name from the [[terebinth]] tree in the Bible, so both of us pinched from somewhere else, probably unconsciously."<ref>{{cite book|last=Paterson|first=Katherine|title=Bridge to Terabithia|year=2005|publisher=Harper Trophy|chapter=Questions for Katherine Paterson}}</ref></blockquote>

Science-fiction author [[Greg Egan]]'s short story "Oracle" depicts a parallel universe in which an author nicknamed Jack (Lewis's nickname) has written novels about the fictional "Kingdom of Nesica", and whose wife is dying of cancer, paralleling the death of Lewis's wife [[Joy Davidman]]. Several Narnian allegories are also used to explore issues of religion and faith versus science and knowledge.<ref>{{cite web|last=Egan|first=Greg|url=http://gregegan.customer.netspace.net.au/MISC/ORACLE/Oracle.html|title=Oracle|date=12 November 2000}}</ref>

[[Lev Grossman]]'s ''New York Times'' best-seller ''[[The Magicians (Grossman novel)|The Magicians]]'' is a contemporary dark fantasy about an unusually gifted young man obsessed with Fillory, the magical land of his favourite childhood books. Fillory is a thinly veiled substitute for Narnia, and clearly the author expects it to be experienced as such. Not only is the land home to many similar talking animals and mythical creatures, it is also accessed through a grandfather clock in the home of an uncle to whom five English children are sent during World War II. Moreover, the land is ruled by two Aslan-like rams named Ember and Umber, and terrorised by The Watcherwoman. She, like the White Witch, freezes the land in time. The book's plot revolves heavily around a place very like the "wood between the worlds" from ''The Magician's Nephew'', an interworld waystation in which pools of water lead to other lands. This reference to ''The Magician's Nephew'' is echoed in the title of the book.<ref>{{cite web|work=Publishers Weekly blog|url=http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/PWxyz/?p=2115|title=Decatur Book Festival: Fantasy and its practice « PWxyz|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100911041544/http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/PWxyz/?p=2115|archive-date=11 September 2010}}</ref>

[[J. K. Rowling]], author of the [[Harry Potter]] series, has said that she was a fan of the works of Lewis as a child, and cites the influence of ''The Chronicles'' on her work: "I found myself thinking about the wardrobe route to Narnia when Harry is told he has to hurl himself at a barrier in [[London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross Station]]&nbsp;– it dissolves and he's on platform Nine and Three-Quarters, and there's the train for [[Hogwarts]]."<ref name="Lewis">{{Cite news |last=Renton |first=Jennie |date=28 November 2001 |title=The story behind the Potter legend |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]}}</ref> Nevertheless, she is at pains to stress the differences between Narnia and her world: "Narnia is literally a different world", she says, "whereas in the Harry books you go into a world within a world that you can see if you happen to belong. A lot of the humour comes from collisions between the magic and the everyday worlds. Generally there isn't much humour in the Narnia books, although I adored them when I was a child. I got so caught up I didn't think CS Lewis was especially preachy. Reading them now I find that his subliminal message isn't very subliminal."<ref name="Lewis" /> ''New York Times'' writer Charles McGrath notes the similarity between [[Dudley Dursley]], the obnoxious son of Harry's neglectful guardians, and Eustace Scrubb, the spoiled brat who torments the main characters until he is redeemed by Aslan.<ref>{{cite news|title=The Narnia Skirmishes|first=Charles | last= McGrath|work=The New York Times| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/13/movies/13narnia.html?ei=5090&en=49132a2956301464&ex=1289538000&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=all|access-date=29 May 2008|date=13 November 2005}}</ref>

The comic book series ''[[Pakkins' Land]]'' by [[Gary Shipman|Gary]] and [[Rhoda Shipman]] in which a young child finds himself in a magical world filled with talking animals, including a lion character named King Aryah, has been compared favorably to the ''Narnia'' series. The Shipmans have cited the influence of C.S. Lewis and the ''Narnia'' series in response to reader letters.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://lubbockonline.com/stories/081499/ent_0814990017.shtml#.VgYQ3LSDcoU#.VgYQ3LSDcoU|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927150703/http://lubbockonline.com/stories/081499/ent_0814990017.shtml#.VgYQ3LSDcoU|archive-date=27 September 2015|title=Artist weaves faith into acclaimed comics|publisher=Lubbockonline.com|access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref>

===Influences on popular culture===
As with any popular long-lived work, contemporary culture abounds with references to the lion Aslan, travelling via wardrobe and direct mentions of ''The Chronicles''.<!--No need to explain what this culture is&nbsp;– obvious below&nbsp;– appearing in television, music, and gaming and [[anime]], with--> Examples include:
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[[Charlotte Lewis (Lost)|Charlotte Staples Lewis]], a character first seen early in the fourth season of the TV series ''[[Lost (2004 TV series)|Lost]]'', is named in reference to C. S. Lewis. ''Lost'' producer [[Damon Lindelof]] said that this was a clue to the direction the show would take during the season.<ref name="EW2">Jensen, Jeff, (20 February 2008) "[http://www.ew.com/article/2008/02/22/lost-s4-mind-blowing-scoop 'Lost': Mind-Blowing Scoop From Its Producers] ", ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''. Retrieved 29 October 2008.</ref> The book ''Ultimate Lost and Philosophy'', edited by William Irwin and Sharon Kaye, contains a comprehensive essay on ''Lost'' plot motifs based on ''The Chronicles''.<ref>{{cite book| title = Ultimate Lost and Philosophy Volume 35 of The Blackwell Philosophy and Pop Culture Series | last = Irwin| first=William|publisher=John Wiley and Sons|year= 2010|isbn=9780470632291|page=368}}</ref>

The second [[SNL Digital Shorts|SNL Digital Short]] by Andy Samberg and Chris Parnell features a humorous [[nerdcore hip hop]] song titled ''[[Lazy Sunday (The Lonely Island song)|Chronicles of Narnia (Lazy Sunday)]]'', which focuses on the performers' plan to see ''The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe'' at a cinema. It was described by ''Slate'' magazine as one of the most culturally significant ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' skits in many years, and an important commentary on the state of rap.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.slate.com/id/2133316/ |title= The Chronicles of Narnia Rap|first=Josh |last=Levin |date=23 December 2005 |magazine=Slate |access-date=19 December 2010}}</ref> Swedish Christian power metal band [[Narnia (Swedish band)|Narnia]], whose songs are mainly about the ''Chronicles of Narnia'' or the Bible, feature Aslan on all their album covers.<ref>{{cite book |title=Through the Wardrobe: Your Favorite Authors on C. S. Lewis's Chronicles of Narnia  |last=Brennan  |first= Herbie |year=2010  |publisher= BenBella Books|isbn=9781935251682 |page=6 }}</ref> The song "Further Up, Further In" from the album ''[[Room to Roam]]'' by Scottish-Irish [[folk-rock]] band [[The Waterboys]] is heavily influenced by ''The Chronicles of Narnia''.  The title is taken from a passage in ''[[The Last Battle]]'', and one verse of the song describes sailing to the end of the world to meet a king, similar to the ending of ''[[Voyage of the Dawn Treader]]''.  C. S. Lewis is explicitly acknowledged as an influence in the liner notes of the 1990 [[compact disc]].

During interviews, the primary creator of the Japanese anime and gaming series ''[[Digimon]]'' has said that he was inspired and influenced by ''The Chronicles of Narnia''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Digimon RPG|url=http://www.gamershell.com/pc/digimon_rpg/|publisher=Gamers Hell|access-date=26 July 2010}}</ref>

Its influence extends even to [[fan fiction]]: under the [[pen name]] Edonohana, Rachel Manija Brown wrote "No Reservations: Narnia", which imagined [[Anthony Bourdain]] exploring Narnia and its cuisine in the style of his ''No Reservations'' TV show and book. Bourdain himself praised the fic's writing and "frankly a bit frightening" attention to detail.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.newyorker.com/recommends/read/no-reservations-narnia-a-triumph-of-anthony-bourdain-fan-fiction |access-date=2024-03-29 |title='No Reservations: Narnia,' a Triumph of Anthony Bourdain Fan Fiction |first=Helen |last=Rosner |date=2018-07-08 |magazine=[[The New Yorker|New Yorker]]}}</ref>