Editing Knoxville, Tennessee (section)

====Railroads====
[[File:Map of Street Railway Lines of the Knoxville Railway and Light Company c 1907.png|thumb|Map of Street Railway Lines of the Knoxville Railway and Light Company c 1907]]

[[File:KXHRLOCAL1.jpg|right|thumb|[[Knoxville and Holston River Railroad]] MP15AC #2002 leads a train through Tyson Park near downtown Knoxville.]]
Rail freight in Knoxville is handled by two [[Class I railroad]]s, [[CSX Transportation|CSX]] and [[Norfolk Southern]], and one [[shortline railroad|shortline]], the [[Knoxville and Holston River Railroad]]. Railroads account for about 12% of the Knoxville area's outbound freight and 16% of the area's inbound freight.<ref name=krtpo>Knoxville Regional Transportation Planning Organization, [http://www.fixalcoahighway.com/files/KnoxTrans_2007_draft_update.pdf 2005–2030 Knoxville Regional Long Range Transportation Plan Update] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120121103625/http://www.fixalcoahighway.com/files/KnoxTrans_2007_draft_update.pdf |date=January 21, 2012 }}, 2007, pp. 51–53. Retrieved: December 31, 2011.</ref> The city has two major rail terminals: the Burkhart Enterprises terminal at the Forks of the River Industrial Park just east of the city, and the TransFlo facility adjacent to the U.T. campus.<ref name=krtpo/> Knoxville's two old passenger stations, the [[Southern Terminal, Knoxville, Tennessee|Southern Terminal]] and the [[L&N Station (Knoxville)|L&N Station]], now serve non-railroad functions.

Norfolk Southern, which controls about {{convert|210|mi}} of tracks in the Knoxville area,<ref name=krtpo/> averages 35 freight trains through the city per day,<ref>Rebecca Ferrar, "[http://bus.utk.edu/cba/News_Articles/Teaming.pdf Teaming With Possibilities: Norfolk Southern Partners with UT to Go Global] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425081859/http://bus.utk.edu/cba/News_Articles/Teaming.pdf |date=April 25, 2012 }}", ''Knoxnews.com'', January 15, 2006. Retrieved: December 31, 2011.</ref> and operates a major [[classification yard]], the John Sevier Yard, just east of the city. The company uses a small rail yard near the I-40/I-275 interchange in Downtown Knoxville for a staging area.<ref name=krtpo/> The Norfolk Southern system includes spur lines to the coal fields around [[Middlesboro, Kentucky]], and the ALCOA plants in Blount County.<ref name=krtpo/>

CSX controls about {{convert|76|mi}} of tracks in the Knoxville area, much of which is located along an important north–south line between Cincinnati and Louisville to the north and Chattanooga and Atlanta to the south.<ref name=krtpo/> Minor switching operations for CSX occur at the TransFlo facility near the U.T. campus.<ref name=krtpo/> The CSX system includes spur lines to TVA's [[Bull Run Fossil Plant]] and the [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]] in Anderson County, and the ALCOA plants in Blount County.<ref name=krtpo/>

The Knoxville and Holston River Railroad (KXHR) is a subsidiary of [[Gulf and Ohio Railways]], a shortline holding company headquartered at the [[James Park House]] in Downtown Knoxville. The KXHR operates a {{convert|19|mi|adj=on}} line between the Burkhart terminal at Forks of the River and the Coster Yard in North Knoxville, where the freight is transferred to CSX and Norfolk Southern lines or [[transloading|transloaded]] onto trucks.<ref name=krtpo/> The KXHR also manages the [[Knoxville Locomotive Works]] at the Coster Yard, and operates the ''[[Three Rivers Rambler]]'', a tourist train that runs along the riverfront.<ref>[http://www.gulfandohio.com/railroads_tennessee_kxhr.htm Knoxville & Holston River Railroad] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100718132050/http://www.gulfandohio.com/railroads_tennessee_kxhr.htm |date=July 18, 2010 }}. Retrieved: December 31, 2011.</ref>

=====Historic passenger service=====
Until the mid-20th century three railroads and their stations operated regular trains, serving points north, east, south and west: the [[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]]'s [[L&N Station (Knoxville)|L&N Station]] (last train operating there, 1968), the [[Smoky Mountain Railroad]]'s station and the [[Southern Railway (US)|Southern Railway]]'s [[Southern Terminal, Knoxville, Tennessee|Southern Terminal]] (last train operating there, 1970).