Editing Internet Archive (section)

===Book publishers' lawsuit===
{{main|Hachette v. Internet Archive}}
The operation of the National Emergency Library was part of a lawsuit filed against the Internet Archive by four major book publishers—Hachette, HarperCollins, John Wiley & Sons, and Penguin Random House—in June 2020, challenging the copyright validity of the controlled digital lending program.<ref name="NYT-20230813" /><ref name="open library lawsuit"/><ref>{{Cite news|last=DiFeliciantonio|first=Chase|date=6 September 2021|title=He founded the Internet Archive with a utopian vision. That hasn't changed, but the internet has|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/tech/article/He-founded-the-Internet-Archive-with-a-Utopian-16434559.php|access-date=15 November 2021|archive-date=November 15, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115095138/https://www.sfchronicle.com/tech/article/He-founded-the-Internet-Archive-with-a-Utopian-16434559.php|url-status=live}}</ref> In response, the Internet Archive closed the National Emergency Library on June 16, 2020, rather than the planned June 30, 2020, due to the lawsuit.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/06/internet-archive-ends-emergency-library-early-to-appease-publishers/ | title = Internet Archive ends "emergency library" early to appease publishers | first = Timothy | last = Lee | date = June 11, 2020 | access-date = June 14, 2020 | work = [[Ars Technica]] | archive-date = June 14, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200614074641/https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/06/internet-archive-ends-emergency-library-early-to-appease-publishers/ | url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Dwyer |first1=Colin |title=Publishers Sue Internet Archive For 'Mass Copyright Infringement' |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/868861704/publishers-sue-internet-archive-for-mass-copyright-infringement |access-date=16 October 2020 |agency=NPR |date=3 June 2020 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030042353/https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/868861704/publishers-sue-internet-archive-for-mass-copyright-infringement |url-status=live }}</ref> The plaintiffs, supported by the [[Copyright Alliance]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Copyright Alliance Statement on Book Publishers' Infringement Suit Against Internet Archive |url=https://copyrightalliance.org/news-events/press-releases/june-1-2020/ |website=Copyright Alliance |date=June 2020 |access-date=17 January 2021 |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122182325/https://copyrightalliance.org/news-events/press-releases/june-1-2020/ |url-status=live }}</ref> claimed in their lawsuit that the Internet Archive's actions constituted a "willful mass copyright infringement."<ref name="nytimes lawsuit june2020">{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Elizabeth |date=11 June 2020 |title=Internet Archive Will End Its Program for Free E-Books |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/books/internet-archive-national-emergency-library-coronavirus.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200615094026/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/books/internet-archive-national-emergency-library-coronavirus.html |archive-date=June 15, 2020 |access-date=15 June 2020 |publisher=NY Times}}</ref>

Judge Koeltl ruled on March 24, 2023, against Internet Archive in the case, saying the National Emergency Library concept was not fair use, so the Archive infringed their copyrights by lending out the books without the waitlist restriction. An agreement was then reached for the Internet Archive to pay an undisclosed amount to the publishers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.techspot.com/news/99769-internet-archive-reaches-agreement-publishers-digital-book-lending.html|title=The Internet Archive reaches an agreement with publishers in digital book-lending case|last=Maruccia|first=Alfonso|date=14 August 2023|publisher=Tech Spot}}</ref> The Internet Archive appealed the ruling.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hollister |first=Sean |date=2023-03-25 |title=The Internet Archive has lost its first fight to scan and lend e-books like a library |url=https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/24/23655804/internet-archive-hatchette-publisher-ebook-library-lawsuit |access-date=2023-03-25 |website=The Verge |language=en-US |archive-date=March 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230325001705/https://www.theverge.com/2023/3/24/23655804/internet-archive-hatchette-publisher-ebook-library-lawsuit |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Hernandez |first1=Joe |title=A judge sided with publishers in a lawsuit over the Internet Archive's online library |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/03/26/1166101459/internet-archive-lawsuit-books-library-publishers |access-date=27 March 2023 |publisher=NPR |date=26 March 2023 |archive-date=March 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327010123/https://www.npr.org/2023/03/26/1166101459/internet-archive-lawsuit-books-library-publishers |url-status=live }}</ref> On September 4, 2024, the [[U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit]] upheld the district court's ruling, calling the Internet Archive's argument that they were shielded by fair use doctrine "unpersuasive".<ref name="wired-4sep2024">{{cite magazine |last1=Knibbs |first1=Kate |title=The Internet Archive Loses Its Appeal of a Major Copyright Case |url=https://www.wired.com/story/internet-archive-loses-hachette-books-case-appeal/ |access-date=September 4, 2024 |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|WIRED]] |date=September 4, 2024}}</ref>