Editing Dresden (section)

==Education and science==
[[File:TU-Dresden-Georg-Schumann-Bau.jpg|thumb|[[TU Dresden]]]]
[[File:Dresden Germany City-views-from-tower-of-Frauenkirche-01.jpg|thumb|[[Dresden Academy of Fine Arts]]]]

===Universities===
Dresden is home to a number of renowned universities, but among German cities it is a more recent location for academic education.
* The [[Dresden University of Technology]] (Technische Universität Dresden, abbreviated as TU Dresden or TUD) with more than 36,000 students (2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tu-dresden.de/tu-dresden/profil/portrait|title=About TU Dresden – Short Portrait|access-date=20 September 2019|url-status=dead|website=tu-dresden.de|archive-date=19 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719021233/https://tu-dresden.de/tu-dresden/profil/portrait}}</ref> was founded in 1828 and is among the oldest and largest [[University of Technology|Universities of Technology]] in Germany. It is currently the university of technology in Germany with the largest number of students but also has many courses in [[social studies]], economics and other non-technical sciences. It offers 126 courses. In 2006, the TU Dresden was successful in the [[German Universities Excellence Initiative]] of the [[Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany)]].
* The [[Dresden University of Applied Sciences]] (Hochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft Dresden) was founded in 1992 and had about 5,300 students in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.htw-dresden.de/oea/Presse/06_Imma.pdf|title=HTW Dresden immatrikuliert 1.434 Studierende|website=htw-dresden.de|language=de|access-date=20 September 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070607030317/http://www.htw-dresden.de/oea/Presse/06_Imma.pdf|archive-date=7 June 2007}}</ref>
* The [[Dresden Academy of Fine Arts]] (Hochschule für Bildende Künste Dresden) was founded in 1764 and is known for its former professors and artists such as [[George Grosz]], [[Sascha Schneider]], [[Otto Dix]], [[Oskar Kokoschka]], [[Bernardo Bellotto]], Carl-Gustav Carus, [[Caspar David Friedrich]] and [[Gerhard Richter]].
* The [[Palucca School of Dance]] (Palucca Hochschule für Tanz)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.palucca.eu/en.html |title=Palucca Hochschule für Tanz |access-date=15 March 2016 |archive-date=16 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316125114/http://www.palucca.eu/en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> was founded by [[Gret Palucca]] in 1925 and is a major European school of [[free dance]].
* The [[Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber Dresden|Carl Maria von Weber College of Music]] was founded in 1856.

Other universities include the ''Hochschule für Kirchenmusik'', a school specialising in [[Christian music|church music]], and the ''Evangelische Hochschule für Sozialarbeit'', an education institution for social work.{{Citation needed|date=March 2015}} The ''Dresden International University'' is a private postgraduate university, founded in 2003 in cooperation with the Dresden University of Technology.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.di-uni.de/diu-dresden-international-university |title=Mission, Leitbild und Ziele |website=Dresden International University |language=de |access-date=12 May 2020 |archive-date=30 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200730041528/https://www.di-uni.de/diu-dresden-international-university |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Research institutes===
Dresden hosts many [[research institute]]s, some of which have gained an international standing. The domains of most importance are micro- and nanoelectronics, transport and infrastructure systems, material and photonic technology, and bio-engineering. The institutes are well connected among one other as well as with the academic education institutions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dresden.de/en/business/science-and-innovation/research-institutions.php|title=Research Institutions – Science and Innovation|website=dresden.de|url-status=dead|language=en|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-date=8 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608075315/https://www.dresden.de/en/business/science-and-innovation/research-institutions.php}}</ref>

[[Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf]] is the largest complex of research facilities in Dresden, a short distance outside the urban areas. It focuses on [[nuclear medicine]] and physics. As part of the [[Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres|Helmholtz Association]] it is one of the German [[Big Science]] research centres.

The [[Max Planck Society]] focuses on [[research|fundamental research]]. There are three Max Planck Institutes (MPI) in Dresden: the [[Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics|MPI of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics]], the [[Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids|MPI for Chemical Physics of Solids]], and the [[Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems|MPI for the Physics of Complex Systems]].<ref>{{Cite journal|year=2014|title=Annual Report|url=https://www.germaninnovation.org/shared/content/documents/annual-report-mpg-2014.pdf|journal=Max Planck Society|access-date=31 January 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015173822/http://germaninnovation.org/shared/content/documents/annual-report-mpg-2014.pdf|archive-date=15 October 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The [[Fraunhofer Society]] hosts institutes of applied research that also offer mission-oriented research to enterprises. With eleven institutions or parts of institutes, Dresden is the largest location of the Fraunhofer Society worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fraunhofer.de/en.html|title=Homepage Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft|website=fraunhofer.de|url-status=dead|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-date=27 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190927084406/https://www.fraunhofer.de/en.html}}</ref> The Fraunhofer Society has become an important factor in location decisions and is seen as a useful part of the "knowledge infrastructure".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.isi.fraunhofer.de/content/dam/isi/dokumente/ccp/unternehmen-region/2012/ap_r4_2012.pdf|title=The Role of Geographical Proximity in Innovation|publisher=[[Fraunhofer Society]]|page=6|access-date=12 June 2024}}</ref>

The [[Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Scientific Community|Leibniz Community]] is a union of institutes with science covering fundamental research and applied research. In Dresden there are three Leibniz Institutes. The [[Leibniz Institute for Polymer Research]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ipfdd.de/en/about-us/|title=About us – Our mission|website=ipfdd.de|language=en|access-date=20 September 2019|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190920054437/http://www.ipfdd.de/en/about-us/}}</ref> and the [[Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ifw-dresden.de/about-us/|title=What is the IFW?|website=ifw-dresden.de|language=en|url-status=dead|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-date=31 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191231164747/https://www.ifw-dresden.de/about-us/}}</ref> are both in the material and [[high tech|high-technology]] domain, while the Leibniz Institute for Ecological Urban and Regional Development is focused on more fundamental research into urban planning.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ioer.de/en/institute/ioer-leitbild|title=IOER Leitbild|publisher=[[Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development]]|access-date=12 June 2024}}</ref> The Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf  was member of the Leibniz Community until the end of 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hzdr.de/db/Cms?pNid=1121&pOid=10189|title=Facts and Data about the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf|publisher=[[Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf]]|access-date=12 June 2024}}</ref>

===Higher secondary education===
Dresden has more than 20 [[Gymnasium (Germany)|gymnasia]] which prepare for a tertiary education, five of which are private.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stadtwikidd.de/wiki/Liste_der_Gymnasien|title=Liste der Gymnasien – www.stadtwikidd.de|website=Stadtwiki Dresden|publisher=stadtwikidd.de|access-date=2 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403175137/http://www.stadtwikidd.de/wiki/Liste_der_Gymnasien|archive-date=3 April 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The ''Sächsisches Landesgymnasium für Musik'' with a focus on music is supported, as its name implies by the State of Saxony, rather than by the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cms.sachsen.schule/musikgym/willkommen/impressumdisclaimer/|title=Impressum/Disclaimer – Schulträger Freistaat Sachsen|publisher=cms.sachsen|access-date=21 January 2017|archive-date=2 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202080506/https://cms.sachsen.schule/musikgym/willkommen/impressumdisclaimer/|url-status=live}}</ref> There are some ''Berufliche Gymnasien'' which combine [[vocational education]] and secondary education and an ''Abendgymnasium'' which prepares higher education of adults avocational.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dresden.de/en/03/03/Schools-in-figures.php|title=Schools in Figures {{!}} Landeshauptstadt Dresden|website=dresden.de|language=de|url-status=dead|access-date=20 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190608075529/https://www.dresden.de/en/03/03/Schools-in-figures.php|archive-date=8 June 2019}}</ref>