Editing Cleveland (section)

== Transportation ==
{{main|Transportation in Cleveland}}

=== Transit ===
{{See also|Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority|Streetcars in Cleveland}}
[[File:RTA Green Line train.png|thumb|An [[RTA Rapid Transit|RTA]] train approaches [[Settlers Landing station]] on the [[Waterfront Line]]]]
Cleveland has a bus and rail [[public transport|mass transit]] system operated by the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA). The [[urban rail transit|rail]] portion is officially called the [[RTA Rapid Transit]], but local residents refer to it as ''The Rapid''. It consists of three [[rapid transit|light rail]] lines, known as the [[Blue Line (Cleveland)|Blue]], [[Green Line (Cleveland)|Green]], and [[Waterfront Line]]s, and a [[heavy rail]] line, the [[Red Line (Cleveland)|Red Line]]. In 2008, RTA completed the [[HealthLine]], a [[bus rapid transit]] line, for which naming rights were purchased by the Cleveland Clinic and University Hospitals. It runs along Euclid Avenue from downtown through University Circle, ending at the [[Louis Stokes Station at Windermere]] in East Cleveland.<ref>{{cite web |title=RTA HealthLine: About |publisher=[[Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority]] |url=http://www.riderta.com/healthline/about |access-date=June 1, 2023 }}</ref> In 1968, Cleveland became the first city in the nation to have a direct rail transit connection linking the city's downtown to its major airport.<ref name="RTA-history" />

=== Walkability ===
In 2021, [[Walk Score]] ranked Cleveland the 17th most walkable of the 50 largest cities in the U.S., with a Walk Score of 57, a Transit Score of 45, and a Bike Score of 55 (out of a maximum of 100). Cleveland's most walkable areas can be found in the Downtown, Ohio City, Detroit–Shoreway, University Circle, and Buckeye–Shaker neighborhoods.<ref>{{cite web |title=Living in Cleveland |publisher=Walk Score |url=http://www.walkscore.com/OH/Cleveland |access-date=April 26, 2021 }}</ref> Like other major cities, the urban density of Cleveland reduces the need for private vehicle ownership. In 2016, 23.7% of Cleveland households lacked a car, while the national average was 8.7%. Cleveland averaged 1.19 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.<ref>{{cite web |title=Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Data and Map |date=December 9, 2014 |publisher=Governing |url=http://www.governing.com/gov-data/car-ownership-numbers-of-vehicles-by-city-map.html |access-date=May 4, 2018 }}</ref>

=== Roads ===
[[File:Guardians of Traffic (30137077771).jpg|thumb|One of the "Guardians of Traffic" at the [[Hope Memorial Bridge]]]]
Cleveland's road system consists of numbered streets running roughly north–south, and named avenues, which run roughly east–west. The numbered streets are designated "east" or "west", depending on where they lie in relation to Ontario Street, which bisects Public Square.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Street Names |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=June 29, 2018 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/s/street-names |access-date=May 22, 2023 }}</ref> The two downtown avenues which span the Cuyahoga change names on the west side of the river. Superior Avenue becomes Detroit Avenue on the West Side, and Carnegie Avenue becomes Lorain Avenue. The bridges that make these connections are the [[Hope Memorial Bridge|Hope Memorial (Lorain–Carnegie) Bridge]] and the [[Detroit–Superior Bridge|Veterans Memorial (Detroit–Superior) Bridge]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Rotman |first=Michael |title=Lorain-Carnegie Bridge: Home of the Guardians |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/73 |access-date=July 21, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=O'Grady |first1=F. X. |last2=Rotman |first2=Michael |title=Detroit-Superior Bridge: The City's First High-Level Bridge |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/53 |access-date=July 21, 2023 }}</ref>

=== Freeways ===
Cleveland is served by three two-digit [[Interstate Highway System|interstate highways]] – [[Interstate 71]], [[Interstate 77]], and [[Interstate 90]] – and by two three-digit interstates – [[Interstate 480 (Ohio)|Interstate 480]] and [[Interstate 490 (Ohio)|Interstate 490]]. <!-- Please do not add I-271 here, since it does not run through the City of Cleveland. Instead, please include any relevant information in the Greater Cleveland article. --> Running due east–west through the West Side suburbs, I-90 turns northeast at the junction with I-490, and is known as the Cleveland Inner Belt.<ref name="innerbelt">{{cite web |last=Lanese |first=Jim |title=The Cleveland Inner Belt: Future Interstate Highways Merge in the City |website=Cleveland Historical |publisher=Cleveland State University |url=https://clevelandhistorical.org/items/show/939 |access-date=July 7, 2023 }}</ref> The [[Cleveland Memorial Shoreway]] carries [[Ohio State Route 2]] along its length, and at varying points carries [[U.S. Route 6|US 6]], [[U.S. Route 20|US 20]] and I-90.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Memorial Shoreway |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=May 11, 2018 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/m/memorial-shoreway |access-date=July 21, 2023 }}</ref> At the junction with the Shoreway, I-90 makes a 90-degree turn in the area known as [[Dead Man's Curve]], then continues northeast.<ref>{{cite web |last=Dorwart |first=Laura |title=Why This Cleveland Roadway Is Known as 'Dead Man's Curve' |website=Culture Trip |date=May 29, 2018 |url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/ohio/articles/why-this-cleveland-roadway-is-known-as-dead-mans-curve/ |access-date=August 8, 2023 }}</ref> The Jennings Freeway ([[Ohio State Route 176|State Route 176]]) connects I-71 just south of I-90 to I-480.<ref name="innerbelt" /> A third highway, the Berea Freeway ([[Ohio State Route 237|State Route 237]] in part), connects I-71 to the airport and forms part of the boundary between Brook Park and Cleveland's Hopkins neighborhood.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Roy |first=Christopher |title=Hopkins Neighborhood |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=March 12, 2022 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/h/hopkins-neighborhood |access-date=July 21, 2023 }}</ref>

=== Airports ===
Cleveland is a major North American air market, serving 4.93 million people.<ref name="cle-center" /> [[Cleveland Hopkins International Airport]] is the city's primary major airport and an [[international airport]] that serves the broader region. Originally known as Cleveland Municipal Airport, it was the first municipally owned airport in the country.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Culley |first=Jim |title=Cleveland Hopkins International Airport |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |publisher=[[Case Western Reserve University]] |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/c/cleveland-hopkins-international-airport |date=May 10, 2022 |access-date=May 28, 2023 }}</ref> Cleveland Hopkins is a significant regional air freight hub hosting [[FedEx Express]], [[UPS Airlines]], [[U.S. Postal Service]], and major commercial freight carriers. In addition to Hopkins, Cleveland is served by [[Burke Lakefront Airport]], on the north shore of downtown between Lake Erie and the Shoreway. Burke is primarily a commuter and business airport.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Burke Lakefront Airport |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |date=June 25, 2020 |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/b/burke-lakefront-airport |access-date=May 19, 2023 }}</ref>

=== Seaport ===
{{main|Port of Cleveland}}
[[File:2022 Cleveland Air Show (52340170867).jpg|thumb|Shipping containers at the [[Port of Cleveland]] as seen from Lake Erie]]
The [[Port of Cleveland]], at the Cuyahoga River's mouth, is a major bulk freight and container terminal on Lake Erie, receiving much of the raw materials used by the region's manufacturing industries.<ref>{{cite web |title=About |publisher=[[Port of Cleveland]] |url=https://www.portofcleveland.com/about/ |access-date=May 20, 2023 }}</ref> The Port of Cleveland is the only container port on the Great Lakes with bi-weekly container service between Cleveland and the [[Port of Antwerp]] in Belgium on a Dutch service called the Cleveland-Europe Express.<ref>{{cite web |title=Cleveland-Europe Express |publisher=Port of Cleveland |url=http://www.portofcleveland.com/maritime-logistics/cleveland-europe-express/ |access-date=January 5, 2020 }}</ref> In addition to freight, the Port of Cleveland welcomes regional and international tourists who pass through the city on [[Great Lakes passenger steamers|Great Lakes cruises]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Great Lakes Cruising |publisher=Port of Cleveland |url=https://www.portofcleveland.com/great-lakes-cruising/ |access-date=May 20, 2023 }}</ref>

=== Intercity rail and bus ===
Cleveland has a long [[Cleveland railroad history|history]] as a major railroad hub in North America. Today, [[Amtrak]] provides service to Cleveland, via the ''[[Capitol Limited (Amtrak)|Capitol Limited]]'' and ''[[Lake Shore Limited]]'' routes, which stop at [[Cleveland Lakefront Station]]. Additionally, Cleveland hosts several inter-modal freight railroad terminals, for Norfolk Southern, CSX and several smaller companies.<ref>{{cite web |title=CSX Intermodal Terminal Details |publisher=[[CSX]] |url=https://www.intermodal.com/index.cfm/channel-partners/locations-served/terminal-details/?terminal_id=13&Core=true |access-date=August 8, 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Cleveland, OH: Terminals & Schedules |publisher=[[Norfolk Southern]] |url=http://www.nscorp.com/content/nscorp/en/shipping-options/intermodal/terminals-and-schedules/cleveland-ohio.html |access-date=August 8, 2023 }}</ref>

National [[intercity bus]] service is provided by [[Greyhound Lines|Greyhound]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Getting to Cleveland |publisher=Destination Cleveland |url=https://www.thisiscleveland.com/planning-tools/visitor-services/getting-to-cleveland |access-date=June 4, 2023 }}</ref> [[METRO RTA|Akron Metro]], [[Brunswick Transit Alternative]], [[Laketran]], [[Lorain County Transit]], and [[Medina County Transit]] provide connecting bus service to the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority. [[Geauga County Transit]] and [[Portage Area Regional Transportation Authority|Portage Area Regional Transportation Authority (PARTA)]] also offer connecting bus service in their neighboring areas.<ref>{{cite web |title=Out-of-County Transfers |publisher=Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority |url=https://www.riderta.com/fact-sheet-out-county-transfers |access-date=June 4, 2023 }}</ref>