Editing Spain (section)

=== Architecture ===
{{Main|Spanish architecture}}
[[File:Sagrada Família. Façana del Naixement (cropped).jpg|thumb|Basilica [[Sagrada Família]] in [[Barcelona]]]]
Earth and [[gypsum]] are very common materials of the traditional [[vernacular architecture]] in Spain (particularly in the East of the country, where most of the deposits of gypsum are located).<ref>{{Cite book|chapter=Earth and gypsum: From theory to practice in Spanish vernacular architecture|first=V|last=La Spina|title=Vernacular and Earthen Architecture: Conservation and Sustainability|year=2018|editor-first=C.|editor-last=Mileto|editor-first2=F.|editor-last2=Vegas López-Manzanares|editor-first3=L.|editor-last3=García-Soriano|editor-first4=V.|editor-last4=Cristini|publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]]|location=London|isbn=978-1-138-03546-1|pages=153–154}}</ref> Due to its historical and geographical diversity, Spanish architecture has drawn from a host of influences. Fine examples of [[Islamic architecture|Islamicate architecture]], belonging to the [[Moorish architecture|Western Islamic tradition]], were built in the Middle Ages in places such as [[Córdoba, Spain|Córdoba]], [[Seville]], or [[Granada]]. Similarly to the Maghreb, [[stucco]] decoration in [[Al-Andalus]] became an architectural stylemark in the high Middle Ages.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Architecture of the Islamic West. North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula|first=Jonathan M.|last=Bloom|location=New Haven and London|publisher=[[Yale University Press]]|isbn=978-0-300-21870-1|year=2020|page=88}}</ref>

Simultaneously, the Christian kingdoms also developed their own styles; developing a [[pre-Romanesque]] style when for a while isolated from contemporary mainstream European architectural influences during the earlier Middle Ages, they later integrated the [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] and [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] streams. There was then an extraordinary flourishing of the Gothic style that resulted in numerous instances being built throughout the entire territory. The so-called [[Mudéjar art|Mudéjar style]] came to designate works by Muslims, Christians and Jews in lands conquered from Muslims.{{Sfn|Bloom|2020|p=171}}

The arrival of [[Modernism]] produced much of the architecture of the 20th century. An influential style centred in [[Barcelona]], known as [[modernisme]], produced a number of important architects, of which [[Gaudí]] is one. The [[International Style (architecture)|International style]] was led by groups like [[GATEPAC]]. Spain is currently experiencing a revolution in [[contemporary architecture]] and [[:Category:Spanish architects|Spanish architects]] like [[Rafael Moneo]], [[Santiago Calatrava]], [[Ricardo Bofill]] as well as many others have gained worldwide renown.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}