Editing Gone with the Wind (novel) (section)

== Publication history ==

===Original manuscript===
[[File:Crescent Apartments, Atlanta, Georgia.jpg|thumbnail|The Crescent Apartments in Atlanta, Georgia, where Margaret Mitchell wrote her novel, is now operated as the [[Margaret Mitchell House and Museum]].]]

Although some of Mitchell's papers and documents related to the writing of ''Gone with the Wind'' were burned after her death, many documents, including assorted draft chapters, were preserved.<ref>Brown, E. F., et al., ''Margaret Mitchell's Gone With the Wind: A Bestseller's Odyssey from Atlanta to Hollywood'', pp. 271–272.</ref> The last four chapters of the novel are held by the [[Pequot Library]] of Southport, Connecticut.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/books/gone-with-the-wind-chapters-get-pequot-library-display.html?pagewanted=all A Piece of 'Gone With the Wind' Isn't Gone After All], Charles McGrath, (March 29, 2011) ''The New York Times''. Retrieved October 29, 2012.</ref>

===Publication and reprintings (1936 – US)===
The first printing of 10,000 copies contains the original publication date: "Published May, 1936". After the book was chosen as the Book-of-the-Month Club's selection for July, the publication was delayed until June 30. The second printing of 25,000 copies (and subsequent printings) contains the release date: "Published June, 1936". The third printing of 15,000 copies was made in June 1936. Additionally, 50,000 copies were printed for the Book-of-the-Month Club July selection. ''Gone with the Wind'' was officially released to the American public on June 30, 1936.<ref>Brown, E. F., et al., ''Margaret Mitchell's Gone With the Wind: A Bestseller's Odyssey from Atlanta to Hollywood'', pp. 61, 75, 81–82 & 91.</ref>

===Sequels and prequels===

Although Mitchell refused to write a sequel to ''Gone with the Wind'', Mitchell's estate authorized [[Alexandra Ripley]] to write a sequel, which was titled ''[[Scarlett (Ripley novel)|Scarlett]]''.<ref>Alexandra Ripley (1994), ''Scarlett'', Pan Books. {{ISBN|978-0-330-30752-9}}</ref> The book was subsequently adapted into a [[Scarlett (miniseries)|television mini-series]] in 1994.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0108915/ IMDb Scarlett (TV mini-series 1994)]</ref> A second sequel was authorized by Mitchell's estate titled ''[[Rhett Butler's People]]'', by [[Donald McCaig]].<ref>Donald McCaig (2007), ''Rhett Butler's People'', Macmillan. {{ISBN|978-0-312-94578-7}}</ref> The novel parallels ''Gone with the Wind'' from Rhett Butler's perspective. In 2010, Mitchell's estate authorized McCaig to write a prequel, which follows the life of the house servant Mammy, whom McCaig names "Ruth". The novel, ''Ruth's Journey'', was released in 2014.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/27/business/media/gone-with-the-wind-prequel-coming-in-october.html?hpw&rref=arts "Mammy Revealed, and Not Just Her Red Petticoat ''Gone With the Wind'' Prequel Coming in October"] Julie Bosman (March 26, 2014) ''The New York Times''. Retrieved March 26, 2014.</ref>

The copyright holders of ''Gone with the Wind'' attempted to suppress publication of ''[[The Wind Done Gone]]'' by [[Alice Randall]],<ref>Alice Randall (2001), ''The Wind Done Gone'', Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. {{ISBN|978-0-618-10450-5}}.</ref> which retold the story from the perspective of the enslaved people. A federal appeals court denied the plaintiffs an injunction (''[[Suntrust Bank v. Houghton Mifflin Co.|Suntrust v. Houghton Mifflin]]'') against publication on the basis that the book was a parody and therefore protected by the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution|First Amendment]]. The parties subsequently settled out of court, and the book became a [[The New York Times Best Seller list|''New York Times'' Best Seller]].

A book sequel unauthorized by the copyright holders, ''The Winds of Tara'' by Katherine Pinotti,<ref>Katherine Pinotti (2008), ''The Winds of Tara'', Fontaine Press. {{ISBN|978-0-9803623-5-0}}</ref> was blocked from publication in the United States. The novel was republished in Australia, avoiding U.S. copyright restrictions.

Away from copyright lawsuits, Internet fan fiction has proved to be a fertile medium for sequels (some of them book-length), parodies, and rewritings of ''Gone with the Wind''.<ref>Gomez-Galisteo, M. Carmen ''The Wind Is Never Gone Sequels, Parodies and Rewritings of Gone with the Wind''. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2011.
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Numerous unauthorized sequels to ''Gone with the Wind'' have been published in Russia, mostly under the pseudonym Yuliya Hilpatrik, a cover for a consortium of writers. ''The New York Times'' states that most have a "Slavic" flavor.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/29/books/frankly-my-dear-russians-do-give-a-damn.html "Frankly My Dear, Russians Do Give a Damn"], Alessandra Stanley, (August 29, 1994) ''The New York Times''. Retrieved June 10, 2011.</ref>

Several sequels were written in Hungarian under the pseudonym Audrey D. Milland or Audrey Dee Milland by at least four different authors (who are named in the colophon as translators to make the book seem a translation from the English original, a procedure common in the 1990s but prohibited by law since then). The first picks up where Ripley's ''Scarlett'' ended; the next is about Scarlett's daughter Cat. Other books include a prequel trilogy about Scarlett's grandmother, Solange, and a three-part miniseries about a supposed illegitimate daughter of Carreen.<ref>[http://katherines-bookstore.blogspot.hu/2010/12/es-boldogan-eltek-amig.html Sequels of famous novels]</ref>

=== Copyright status ===
''Gone with the Wind'' has been in the [[public domain]] in Australia and Canada since 1999 (50 years after Margaret Mitchell's death).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/08/technology/one-internet-many-copyright-laws.html|title=One Internet, Many Copyright Laws|last=Shannon|first=Victoria|date=November 8, 2004|work=The New York Times|access-date=December 30, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> On January 1, 2020, the book entered the public domain in the European Union ([[2020_in_public_domain#Entering_the_public_domain_in_countries_with_life_+_70_years|70 years after the author's death]]). Under an extension of copyright law, ''Gone with the Wind'' will not enter the public domain in the United States until January 1, 2032.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/08/technology/one-internet-many-copyright-laws.html|title=One Internet, Many Copyright Laws|last=Shannon|first=Victoria|date=November 8, 2004|work=The New York Times|access-date=December 30, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>