Editing Epilepsy (section)

=== Genetics and molecular research ===
Advances in genetics have transformed the understanding of epilepsy, particularly in early-onset and treatment-resistant forms. Mutations in genes affecting ion channels, synaptic transmission, and mTOR signaling pathways have been linked to a growing number of epilepsy syndromes, including Dravet syndrome (SCN1A), PCDH19-related epilepsy, and familial focal epilepsies. High-throughput sequencing has enabled the discovery of de novo mutations in severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. In parallel, research into polygenic risk and epigenetic mechanisms is expanding the view of common epilepsies as complex traits. Molecular studies also support the development of targeted therapies, such as precision treatments for specific genetic subtypes.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Perucca |first=Piero |last2=Perucca |first2=Emilio |date=2019-05-01 |title=Identifying mutations in epilepsy genes: Impact on treatment selection |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0920121119300270 |journal=Epilepsy Research |volume=152 |pages=18–30 |doi=10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.03.001 |issn=0920-1211}}</ref>