Editing Dubbing (section)

====Portugal====
In [[Portugal]], dubbing was banned under a 1948 law as a way of protecting the domestic film industry and reducing access to culture as most of the population was illiterate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amordeperdicao.pt/especiais_solo.asp?artigoid=206 |title=amor de perdição - especiais |date=21 January 2005 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050121055806/http://www.amordeperdicao.pt/especiais_solo.asp?artigoid=206 |archive-date=21 January 2005 }}</ref> Until 1994, animated movies, as well as other TV series for children, were shown subtitled in Portugal along with imported [[Brazilian Portuguese]] dubs due to the lack of interest from Portuguese companies in the dubbing industry. This lack of interest was justified, since there were already quality dubbed copies of shows and movies in Portuguese made by [[Brazil]]ians. ''[[The Lion King]]'' was the first feature film to be dubbed in [[European Portuguese]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-30 |title=A realidade das dobragens em Portugal {{!}} Raio-x às dobragens {{!}} PÚBLICO |url=https://www.publico.pt/2009/12/03/culturaipsilon/noticia/a-realidade-das-dobragens-em-portugal-1412451 |access-date=2023-06-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230330234254/https://www.publico.pt/2009/12/03/culturaipsilon/noticia/a-realidade-das-dobragens-em-portugal-1412451 |archive-date=30 March 2023 }}</ref> Currently, all movies for children are dubbed. Subtitles are preferred in Portugal, used in every foreign-language [[Documentary film|documentary]], TV series and film. The exception to this preference is when children are the target audience.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jornaleconomico.sapo.pt/noticias/polemica-dobragem-serie-einstein-gera-criticas-axn-118969|title=Polémica: dobragem da série 'Einstein' gera críticas ao AXN|access-date=29 March 2017|date=3 February 2017|work=O Jornal Económico|quote=Ao contrário de alguns mercados como o espanhol e brasileiro, o público português não se mostra recetivo a esta opção.|language=pt|archive-date=8 February 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208224542/http://www.jornaleconomico.sapo.pt/noticias/polemica-dobragem-serie-einstein-gera-criticas-axn-118969|url-status=dead}}</ref>

While on TV, children's shows and movies are always dubbed, in cinemas, films with a clear juvenile target can be found in two versions, one dubbed (identified by the letters V.P. for ''versão portuguesa'' - "Portuguese version") and another subtitled version (V.O. for ''versão original'' - "original version"). This duality applies only to juvenile films. Others use subtitles only. While the quality of these dubs is recognized (some have already received international recognition and prizes),{{citation needed|date=September 2024}} original versions with subtitles are usually preferred by the adults. Presently, [[live action]] series and movies are always shown in their original language format with Portuguese subtitles. Streaming services also offer some content for adults dubbed in Portuguese, although there they provide an option to select the original language. There are also a few examples of [[Anime]] which were dubbed into European Portuguese (i.e. ''[[Dragon Ball (TV series)|Dragon Ball]]'' and ''[[Naruto (TV series)|Naruto]]'') [[Netflix]] is now offering foreign language films aimed at older audiences and TV series (M/12, M/14 and M/16) dubbed into Portuguese in addition to offering the original version with subtitles.