Editing CT scan (section)

== History ==
{{Main|History of computed tomography}}
The history of X-ray computed tomography goes back to at least 1917 with the mathematical theory of the [[Radon transform]].<ref name="Radon1917">{{Cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Adrian M. K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zgezC3Osm8QC&q=info:6gaBWGuVV0UJ:scholar.google.com/&pg=PA5 |title=Classic Papers in Modern Diagnostic Radiology |last2=Banerjee |first2=Arpan K. |last3=Busch |first3=Uwe |date=2005-12-05 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-540-26988-5}}</ref><ref name="pmid 18244009">{{Cite journal |last=Radon J |date=1 December 1986 |title=On the determination of functions from their integral values along certain manifolds |journal=IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |volume=5 |issue=4 |pages=170–176 |doi=10.1109/TMI.1986.4307775 |pmid=18244009 |s2cid=26553287}}</ref> In October 1963, [[William H. Oldendorf]] received a U.S. patent for a "radiant energy apparatus for investigating selected areas of interior objects obscured by dense material".<ref name="Oldendorf1978">{{Cite journal |last=Oldendorf WH |year=1978 |title=The quest for an image of brain: a brief historical and technical review of brain imaging techniques |journal=Neurology |volume=28 |issue=6 |pages=517–33 |doi=10.1212/wnl.28.6.517 |pmid=306588 |s2cid=42007208}}</ref> The first commercially viable CT scanner was invented by [[Godfrey Hounsfield]] in 1972.<ref name="Richmond2004">{{Cite journal |last=Richmond |first=Caroline |year=2004 |title=Obituary – Sir Godfrey Hounsfield |journal=BMJ |volume=329 |issue=7467 |pages=687 |doi=10.1136/bmj.329.7467.687 |pmc=517662}}</ref>

It is often claimed that revenues from the sales of The Beatles' records in the 1960s helped fund the development of the first CT scanner at EMI. The first production X-ray CT machines were in fact called EMI scanners.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pietzsch |first1=Joachim |title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1979/perspectives/ |website=NobelPrize.org }}</ref>

=== Etymology ===
The word ''tomography'' is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{Lang|grc-latn|tome}} 'slice' and {{Lang|grc-latn|graphein}} 'to write'.<ref>{{Cite book |last=[[Frank Natterer]] |title=The Mathematics of Computerized Tomography (Classics in Applied Mathematics) |publisher=Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-89871-493-7 |pages=8}}</ref> Computed tomography was originally known as the "EMI scan" as it was developed in the early 1970s at a research branch of [[EMI]], a company best known today for its music and recording business.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sperry |first=Len |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NzgVCwAAQBAJ&q=Computed+tomography+was+originally+known+as+the+%22EMI+scan%22&pg=PA259 |title=Mental Health and Mental Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being |date=2015-12-14 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |isbn=978-1-4408-0383-3 |page=259}}</ref> It was later known as ''computed axial tomography'' (''CAT'' or ''CT scan'') and ''body section röntgenography''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hounsfield |first=G. N. |date=1977 |title=The E.M.I. Scanner |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences |volume=195 |issue=1119 |pages=281–289 |bibcode=1977RSPSB.195..281H |doi=10.1098/rspb.1977.0008 |issn=0080-4649 |jstor=77187 |pmid=13396 |s2cid=34734270}}</ref>

The term ''CAT scan'' is no longer in technical use because current CT scans enable for multiplanar reconstructions. This makes ''CT scan'' the most appropriate term, which is used by [[radiologist]]s in common vernacular as well as in textbooks and scientific papers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Miñano |first=Glenn |title=What's the difference between a CAT-Scan and a CT-Scan? - Cincinnati Children's Blog |url=https://blog.cincinnatichildrens.org//radiology/whats-the-difference-between-a-cat-scan-and-a-ct-scan |access-date=2021-03-19 |website=blog.cincinnatichildrens.org |date=3 November 2015 |archive-date=2022-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220617035344/https://blog.cincinnatichildrens.org/radiology/whats-the-difference-between-a-cat-scan-and-a-ct-scan/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Difference Between CT Scan and CAT Scan {{!}} Difference Between |date=28 January 2010 |url=http://www.differencebetween.net/science/health/difference-between-ct-scan-and-cat-scan/ |access-date=2021-03-19 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FqDUtcmUG-UC&q=cat+scanner+term+was+used+earlier |title=Conquer Your Headaches |publisher=International Headache Management |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-9636292-5-8 |pages=115}}</ref>

In [[Medical Subject Headings]] (MeSH), ''computed axial tomography'' was used from 1977 to 1979, but the current indexing explicitly includes ''X-ray'' in the title.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MeSH Browser |url=https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D014057 |website=meshb.nlm.nih.gov}}</ref>

The term [[wikt:sinogram|''sinogram'']] was introduced by Paul Edholm and Bertil Jacobson in 1975.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Edholm |first1=Paul |last2=Gabor |first2=Herman |date=December 1987 |title=Linograms in Image Reconstruction from Projections |journal=IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging |volume=MI-6 |issue=4 |pages=301–7 |doi=10.1109/tmi.1987.4307847 |pmid=18244038 |s2cid=20832295}}</ref>