Editing Academic degree (section)

==== Canada ====

In Canada, education is the responsibility of the provinces and territories, rather than the federal government. However, all of Canada follows the three-level bachelor's-master's-doctorate system common to the Anglophone world, with a few variations. A common framework for degrees was agreed between the provinces and territories in 2007.<ref name="Canada Framework">{{cite web|url=http://www.cmec.ca/Publications/Lists/Publications/Attachments/95/QA-Statement-2007.en.pdf|title=Canadian Degree Qualifications Framework|work=Ministerial Statement on Quality Assurance of Degree Education in Canada|publisher=[[Council of Ministers of Education, Canada]]|pages=2–7|access-date=4 September 2016}}</ref>

Bachelor's degrees take normally three to four years, more commonly three years in Quebec (where they follow on from college courses rather than directly from secondary education). Outside Quebec, three-year bachelor's degrees are normally ordinary degrees, while four-year bachelor's degrees are [[honours degree]]s; an honours degree is normally needed for further study at the master's level.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://futurestudents.yorku.ca/thinking/def-bachelor|title=Bachelors Degree|publisher=[[York University]]|access-date=4 September 2016}}</ref> Master's degrees take one to three years (in Quebec they normally take one and a half to two years). Doctorates take a minimum of three years. Alone among Canadian provinces and territories, British Columbia offers two-year [[associate degree]]s, allowing credit to be transferred into a four-year bachelor's program.<ref>{{cite web|title=Academic credentials in Canada|url=http://www.cicic.ca/1149/Academic-credentials/index.canada|publisher=The Canadian Information Centre for International Credentials|access-date=4 September 2016}}</ref>

In Canada, [[first professional degree]]s such as [[Doctor of Dental Surgery|DDS]], [[Doctor of Medicine|MD]], [[Doctor of Pharmacy|PharmD]] and [[LLB]] or [[Juris Doctor|JD]] are considered bachelor's level qualifications, despite their often being named as if they were doctorates.<ref name="Canada Framework"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.med.ualberta.ca/education/ume/admissions/dofm_require.cfm |title=UA Medical School |publisher=Med.ualberta.ca |access-date=8 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101214065853/http://www.med.ualberta.ca/education/ume/admissions/dofm_require.cfm |archive-date=14 December 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.md.utoronto.ca/site5.aspx |title=UToronto Medical School |publisher=Md.utoronto.ca |access-date=8 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100618225429/http://www.md.utoronto.ca/site5.aspx |archive-date=18 June 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yorku.ca/web/futurestudents/programs/template.asp?id=467 |title=Osgoode Hall Law School |publisher=Yorku.ca |access-date=8 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uwindsor.ca/jdllb/ |title=University of Windsor Law School |publisher=Uwindsor.ca |access-date=8 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612092701/http://www.uwindsor.ca/jdllb/ |archive-date=12 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://pharm.umontreal.ca/etudes/premier-cycle/doctorat-de-premier-cycle-en-pharmacie-pharm-d/ |title=Faculté de pharmacie de l'Université de Montréal |publisher={{Lang|fr|[[Université de Montréal]]|italic=no}} |access-date=7 October 2014}}</ref>

===== Quebec =====
In the province of [[Quebec]], the majority of students must attend [[college education in Quebec|college]] prior to entering university. Upon completion of a two-year pre-university program, such as in sciences or humanities, or a three-year technical program, such as nursing or computer science, college graduates obtain a ''[[Quebec College Diploma|college diploma]]'', which is a prerequisite for access to university-level studies. Although these college programs are typical, they are not offered in every institution in the province. Moreover, while a few other pre-university programs with various concentrations exist, many other technical/career programs are available, depending on the college of choice. For example, [[Dawson College]] in [[Montreal]] has nearly sixty different programs leading to a college diploma.

Special programs, such as [[Physical rehabilitation|physical rehabilitation therapy]], are offered in some colleges as well. These programs allow students to enter professional university programs, such as [[physiotherapy]] (which consists of an integrated [[Bachelor of Science in Physiotherapy]] and [[Master of Physical Therapy]]), without having to meet the usual grade and course prerequisites required from students holding a pre-university science diploma. A similar option is offered for college nursing graduates as they can pursue their studies in university to obtain a [[Bachelor of Nursing]] in two years (rather than the usual three or four years, depending on whether the student has completed a college diploma in Quebec). Additionally, whereas aspiring medical students are usually required to complete an [[undergraduate degree]] before applying to medical schools, Quebec college graduates have the option to enter:
* a "medical preparatory" year at [[McGill University]] or {{Lang|fr|[[Université de Montréal]]|italic=no}} and then pursue medical studies for the following four years;
* directly into the undergraduate medical education program at [[Université Laval]] (4 to 5 years in duration) or {{Lang|fr|[[Université de Sherbrooke]]|italic=no}} (4 years in duration).