Editing San Juan, Puerto Rico (section)

== Transportation ==
=== Airports ===
[[File:Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport in Puerto Rico.jpg|thumb|[[Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport|Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport]]]]

The [[San Juan–Caguas–Guaynabo metropolitan area|San Juan Metropolitan Area]] is served by two airports:

The '''[[Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport]]''' (SJU), San Juan's primary commercial airport, is located eight miles ({{convert|8|mi|abbr=out|1|disp=output only}}) from [[Old San Juan]] in the neighboring municipality of [[Carolina, Puerto Rico|Carolina]]. The airport accommodates more than 30 domestic and international airlines and is the busiest airport in the [[Caribbean]]. It is often referred to as ''The Gateway to the Caribbean'' because it serves as the main connection to the island and the rest of the Caribbean for the United States and vice versa.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Caribbean International Airports|url=https://www.caribbeanislands.com/airports/|access-date=2022-02-12|website=www.caribbeanislands.com|archive-date=February 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220212074427/https://www.caribbeanislands.com/airports/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The area's secondary airport is the '''[[Fernando Ribas Dominicci Airport]]''' (SIG), located directly across the [[San Antonio Channel]] (''Caño San Antonio'') from Old San Juan in the [[Isla Grande (Santurce)|Isla Grande]] district.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prpa.gobierno.pr/APMain.aspx |title=Autoridad de puertos de Puerto Rico official website |language=es |publisher=Autoridad de Puertos de Puerto Rico |access-date=2007-05-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007181239/http://www.prpa.gobierno.pr/apmain.aspx |archive-date=October 7, 2009 }}</ref> Dominicci Airport is used mainly by general aviation aircraft, charter flights and some domestic commercial flights. It used to be the city's and also the island of Puerto Rico's main international gateway until the opening of Luis Muñoz Marin International Airport. It is now also widely used by the Isla Grande Flight School and Caribbean Flight Center, the only flight school on the island.

=== Highways and roads ===
[[File:Cars, houses, street light, man on bicycle and El Morro in Old San Juan.jpg|thumb|[[Calle Norzagaray]] in [[Old San Juan]]]]

Some of the major highways and roads of San Juan include:

* [[Puerto Rico Highway 52]] (PR-52), also known as '''Luis A. Ferré Highway''', runs from [[Santurce, San Juan, Puerto Rico|Santurce]] to [[Ponce, Puerto Rico|Ponce]] through [[Caguas, Puerto Rico|Caguas]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 1]] (PR-1), also known as [[Carretera Central (Puerto Rico)|'''Carretera Central''']], '''Antigua Carretera Militar''' and '''''La Muda''''' between [[Río Piedras, Puerto Rico|Río Piedras]] and Caguas, runs from Santurce to Ponce through [[Cayey, Puerto Rico|Cayey]] and the [[Cordillera Central (Puerto Rico)|Cordillera Central]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 2]] (PR-2), also known as '''Kennedy Expressway''' between San Juan and [[Guaynabo, Puerto Rico|Guaynabo]], runs from Santurce to Ponce through [[Mayagüez, Puerto Rico|Mayagüez]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 3]] (PR-3), also known as '''65 de Infantería Avenue''' between Río Piedras and Carolina, runs from [[Hato Rey]] to [[Salinas, Puerto Rico|Salinas]] through [[Humacao, Puerto Rico|Humacao]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 22]] (PR-22), also known as '''José de Diego Expressway''', runs from Santurce to [[Hatillo, Puerto Rico|Hatillo]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 8]] (PR-8) runs from Sabana Llana Norte to barrio Oriente and the [[Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 16]] (PR-16) runs parallel to PR-1 from the [[Port of San Juan]] in Hato Rey to the [[Fernando Luis Ribas Dominicci Airport]] in [[Isla Grande (Santurce)|Isla Grande]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 18]] (PR-18), also known as '''Las Américas Expressway''', runs from [[Hato Rey Norte]] to [[Monacillo Urbano, San Juan, Puerto Rico|Monacillo Urbano]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 20]] (PR-20), also known as '''Rafael Martínez Nadal Expressway''', runs from [[Guaynabo barrio-pueblo|Guaynabo Pueblo]] through Monacillo Urbano and [[Gobernador Piñero, San Juan, Puerto Rico|Gobernador Piñero]] to [[Pueblo Viejo, Guaynabo, Puerto Rico|Caparra]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 26]] (PR-26), also known as '''Román Baldorioty de Castro Expressway''', runs from Santurce to the Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport and [[Carolina, Puerto Rico|Carolina]].
* [[Puerto Rico Highway 28]] (PR-28), also known as '''Francisco José de Goya Avenue''', runs from the Port of San Juan to [[Bayamón, Puerto Rico|Bayamón]].

There are 193 bridges in San Juan.<ref name="bridge">{{cite web|title=San Juan Bridges|url=http://bridgereports.com/pr/san-juan/|website=National Bridge Inventory Data|publisher=US Dept. of Transportation|access-date=20 February 2019|archive-date=October 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003180208/http://bridgereports.com/pr/san-juan/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Public transport ===
{{See also|Tren Urbano|Puerto Rico Metropolitan Bus Authority}}
[[File:Estación Universidad - Tren Urbano.jpg|left|thumb|[[Universidad station (Puerto Rico)|Universidad station]]]]

At 4,300 vehicles per paved mile, San Juan has by far the highest density of vehicles on the road of any city in the world.<ref>[http://www.businessregisterpr.com/search?transportation=true Highest auto density in the world] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100101191502/http://www.businessregisterpr.com/search?transportation=true |date=January 1, 2010 }}</ref> The city is served by five limited-access expressways and highways and numerous arterial avenues and boulevards but continues to suffer from severe traffic congestion.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dollarman.com/puertorico/sanjuan.html|title=About Puerto Rico...San Juan|publisher=Dollarman.com|access-date=2007-05-11|archive-date=March 6, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306095212/http://www.dollarman.com/puertorico/sanjuan.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Puerto Rico Metropolitan Bus Authority|Metropolitan Bus Authority]] (''Autoridad Metropolitana de Autobuses'' or ''AMA'' in Spanish) provides daily bus transportation to residents of San Juan, Guaynabo, Bayamón, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Cataño and Carolina through 30 fixed routes. Its fleet consists of 277 regular buses and 35 handicap-accessible buses. AMA's ridership is estimated at 112,000 on weekdays.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dtop.gobierno.pr/AMA/Amades_e.htm|title=AMA: Descripción|publisher=Departamento de Transportación Publica|language=es|year=2006|access-date=2007-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070502004203/http://www.dtop.gobierno.pr/AMA/Amades_e.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=May 2, 2007}}</ref>

[[File:SanJuan-Condado-IslaVerde.gif|thumb|The T5, 21 and 53 buses pass between Old San Juan, Condado and Isla Verde.]]

In an attempt to decrease vehicle dependency and road congestion, the city built a [[rapid transit|metro]] system dubbed "[[Tren Urbano]]" ("Urban Train"). The {{convert|10.7|mi|adj=on}} line connects to 16&nbsp;stations.<ref>{{cite web|title=Alternativa de Transporte Integrado homepage|publisher=Departamento de Trasportación Publica|year=2006|url=http://www.ati.gobierno.pr/|language=es|access-date=2007-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070505011816/http://www.ati.gobierno.pr/|archive-date=May 5, 2007|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The project, which opened in late 2004, cost $2.25&nbsp;billion and was more than $1&nbsp;billion over budget and four years late. The Tren Urbano has received less ridership than was originally projected and has not significantly reduced the city's automobile traffic, despite a reported 7.5% ridership increase in 2006 over 2005. There is a planned project to build an "interurban light rail system" connecting the cities of [[San Juan-Caguas Rail|San Juan and Caguas]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.puertorico-herald.org/issues/2004/vol8n15/CBCaguasSanJuan.html |title=Caguas To San Juan In 15 Minutes |publisher=Puerto Rico Herald |year=2007 |access-date=2007-05-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927203704/http://www.puertorico-herald.org/issues/2004/vol8n15/CBCaguasSanJuan.html |archive-date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

Increased investment in public transportation, however, has not changed the fact that San Juan is an [[Automobile dependency|automobile-reliant]] city and its fast growth has sparked [[urban sprawl]]. As of mid-2010, the government has approved plans for a redesign of this Puerto Rican city, featuring a new [[mass transit]] system, new roads and intersections, and more beach-access points. [[Road space rationing|No cars]] will be allowed inside the oldest part of city (Old San Juan). The plans hope to remedy previous poor urban planning in the oldest section of the city, the Isleta, while curbing reliance on motor vehicles. The plans for redevelopment also hope to make the city more appealing in order to attract new residents, as San Juan has suffered from a shrinking population over the past 60 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://issuu.com/sanjuannews/docs/finalreportsummary_walkablecity_july3-final|title=Walkable City San Juan|publisher=Issuu|year=2010|access-date=2010-08-10|archive-date=October 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201003180221/https://issuu.com/sanjuannews/docs/finalreportsummary_walkablecity_july3-final|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Port ===
{{Main|Port of San Juan}}
[[File:Lancha de Cataño panorama.jpg|thumb|[[Cataño Ferry]]]]The [[Port of San Juan]] is the fourth busiest seaport in the Western Hemisphere, ranked among the top 17 in the world in terms of container movement. It is also the largest home-based cruise port in the world with over a dozen cruise ships. It is the second busiest port in cruise volume after Miami.{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} It is managed by the [[Puerto Rico Ports Authority]].

[[AcuaExpreso]] is a [[ferry]] service in the [[San Juan Bay]], consisting of the [[Cataño Ferry]] (''Lancha de Cataño'') service between [[Cataño barrio-pueblo|downtown Cataño]] and [[Old San Juan]], and the ''AquaExpress'' which connects Old San Juan to [[Hato Rey]] and the [[Hato Rey station|Tren Urbano]].<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-08|title=Larga historia en la lancha de Cataño|url=https://www.elnuevodia.com/noticias/locales/notas/larga-historia-en-la-lancha-de-catano/|access-date=2022-02-12|website=El Nuevo Día|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.presupuesto.gobierno.pr/Tomo_II/transporteMaritimo.htm#PROG1314|title=Government's page on Lancha de Cataño's economical impact|language=es|publisher=Gobierno de Puerto Rico|year=2007|access-date=2007-05-08|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070311082352/http://www.presupuesto.gobierno.pr/Tomo_II/transporteMaritimo.htm#PROG1314|archive-date=March 11, 2007|df=mdy-all}}</ref>