Editing Mobile, Alabama (section)

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===
====Air====
[[File:Gulf Mobile & Ohio Railroad station.jpg|thumb|The old [[Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Passenger Terminal]] houses the Mobile Area Transportation Authority.]]
[[File:Cochran Bridge Mobile Alabama.jpg|thumb|The [[Cochrane–Africatown USA Bridge]] spanning the [[Mobile River]]]]
[[File:George Wallace Tunnel 02.jpg|thumb|Interior of the eastbound [[George Wallace Tunnel]] under the Mobile River]]

Local airline passengers are served by the [[Mobile Regional Airport]], with direct connections to four major hub airports.<ref name="maa1">{{cite web|title=MAA Properties Overview |work=Mobile Airport Authority |url=http://www.mobileairportauthority.com/properties.php |archive-url=https://archive.today/20071009040842/http://www.mobileairportauthority.com/properties.php |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 9, 2007 |access-date=October 18, 2007}}</ref> It is served by [[American Eagle (airline brand)|American Eagle]], with service to [[Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport]] and [[Charlotte/Douglas International Airport]]; [[United Express]], with service to [[George Bush Intercontinental Airport]] and [[Delta Connection]], with service to [[Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport]].<ref name="maa1"/> The [[Mobile Downtown Airport]] at the [[Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley|Brookley Aeroplex]] serves corporate, cargo, and private aircraft.<ref name="maa1"/>

====Cycling paths====
In an effort to leverage Mobile's waterways for recreational use, as opposed to simply industrial use, The Three Mile Creek Greenway Trail is being designed and implemented under the instruction of the City Council. The linear park will ultimately span seven miles, from [[Langan (Municipal) Park]] to Dr. Martin Luther King Junior Avenue, and include trailheads, sidewalks, and bike lanes. The existing greenway is centered at Tricentennial Park.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mapformobile.org/threemilecreek/ |title=Three Mile Creek Greenway Trail |access-date=May 7, 2020 |archive-date=August 4, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804014632/https://mapformobile.org/threemilecreek/ |url-status=dead}}</ref>

====Rail====
Mobile is served by four [[Class I railroad]]s, including the [[Canadian National Railway]] (CNR), [[CSX Transportation]] (CSX), the [[Kansas City Southern Railway]] (KCS), and the [[Norfolk Southern Railway]] (NS).<ref name="mobilechamber">{{cite web|title=Infrastructure: Rail Overview |work=Mobile Area Chamber of Commerce |url=http://www.mobilechamber.com/infrastructure.asp |access-date=November 17, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717185947/http://www.mobilechamber.com/infrastructure.asp |archive-date=July 17, 2007 |df=mdy}}</ref> The [[Alabama and Gulf Coast Railway]] (AGR), a [[Class III railroad]], links Mobile to the [[BNSF Railway|Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway]] (BNSF) at [[Amory, Mississippi]]. These converge at the Port of Mobile, which provides [[intermodal freight transport]] service to companies engaged in importing and exporting. Other railroads include the [[CG Railway]] (CGR), a rail ship service to [[Coatzacoalcos]], [[Veracruz]], and the [[Terminal Railway Alabama State Docks]] (TASD), a [[Switching and terminal railroad|switching railroad]].<ref name="mobilechamber"/>

The city was served by [[Amtrak]]'s ''[[Sunset Limited]]'' passenger train service until 2005, when the service was suspended due to the effects of [[Hurricane Katrina]].<ref name="Amtrak1">{{cite web |author=Amtrak |url=http://www.amtrak.com/servlet/ContentServer?pagename=Amtrak/am2Copy/News_Release_Page&c=am2Copy&cid=1093554015790&ssid=170 |date=September 2, 2005 |title=Modified Amtrak Service to and from the Gulf Coast to be in Effect Until Further Notice |access-date=December 6, 2007}}</ref><ref name="Amtrak2">{{cite web |author=Amtrak |url=http://www.amtrak.com/timetable/apr07/P01.pdf |date=April 2, 2007 |title=Sunset Limited timetable |access-date=June 19, 2007}}</ref> However, efforts to restart passenger rail service between Mobile and [[New Orleans]] were revived in 2019 by the 21-member Southern Rail Commission after receiving a $33 million Federal Railroad Administration grant in June of that year.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rail Advocates Contend New Gulf Coast Amtrak Service isn't the Sunset Limited |url=https://www.al.com/news/2019/06/rail-advocates-contend-new-gulf-coast-amtrak-service-isnt-the-sunset-limited.html |access-date=May 6, 2020 |work=AL.com |date=June 11, 2019}}</ref> Louisiana quickly dedicated its $10 million toward the project, and Mississippi initially balked before committing its $15 million sum but Governor [[Kay Ivey]] resisted committing the estimated $2.7 million state allocation from Alabama because of concerns regarding long-term financial commitments and potential competition with freight traffic from the [[Port of Mobile]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Ivey Says Questions Remain before Alabama can Commit to Amtrak's Mobile Return |url=https://www.al.com/news/2019/06/ivey-says-questions-remain-before-alabama-can-commit-to-amtraks-mobile-return.html |date=June 8, 2019 |access-date=May 6, 2020 |work=AL.com}}</ref>

The Winter of 2019 was marked by repeated postponement of votes by the Mobile City Council as it requested more information on how rail traffic from the port would be impacted and where the Amtrak station would be built as community support for the project became more vocal, especially among [[millennials]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2020/01/amtrak-proposal-has-good-vibe-potential-and-millennials-want-a-yes.html |title= Amtrak Proposal has Good 'Vibe Potential' and Millennials want a yes |date=Jan 30, 2020 |access-date=May 6, 2020 |work=AL.com}}</ref> A day before a deadline in the federal grant matching program being used to fund the project, the city council committed about $3 million in a 6–1 vote.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2020/02/mobile-hops-aboard-amtrak-support-by-endorsing-gulf-coast-rail-commitment.html|title= Mobile Hops Aboard Amtrak Support by Endorsing Gulf Coast Rail Commitment |date=February 4, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Birmingham News]]}}</ref>

About $2.2 million is still needed for infrastructure improvements and the train station must still be built before service begins. Potential locations for the station include at the foot of [[Government Street (Mobile, Alabama)|Government Street]] in downtown and in the [[Mobile Aeroplex at Brookley]], which is favored by the [[Port of Mobile]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2019/10/planes-trains-and-mobile-why-brookley-might-be-the-better-alternative-for-an-amtrak-station.html |title=Planes, trains and Mobile: Why Brookley might be the 'better alternative' for an Amtrak station |date= October 17, 2019 |access-date= May 6, 2020 |work= AL.com}}</ref>

====Transit====
[[The Wave Transit System]] provides fixed-route bus and [[demand-responsive transit|demand-response]] service in Mobile.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thewavetransit.com/35/About-Us|title=About Us|access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

====Roadways====
Two major [[interstate highways]] and a spur converge in Mobile. [[Interstate 10]] runs northeast to southwest across the city, while [[Interstate 65]] starts in Mobile at Interstate 10 and runs north. [[Interstate 165 (Alabama)|Interstate 165]] connects to Interstate 65 north of the city in [[Prichard, Alabama|Prichard]] and joins Interstate 10 in downtown Mobile.<ref name="roads1">{{cite web |title=Alabama Roads |work=Milebymile.com |url=http://www.mil-ebymile.com/maps/Alabama_road_map.pdf |access-date=October 18, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071025170631/http://www.milebymile.com/maps/Alabama_road_map.pdf |archive-date=October 25, 2007 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> Mobile is well served by many major highway systems. US Highways [[U.S. Route 31 in Alabama|US 31]], [[US 43 (AL)|US 43]], [[US 45 (AL)|US 45]], [[US 90 (AL)|US 90]], and [[US 98 (AL)|US 98]] radiate from Mobile traveling east, west, and north. Mobile has three routes east across the Mobile River and Mobile Bay into neighboring [[Baldwin County, Alabama|Baldwin County]]. Interstate 10 leaves downtown through the [[George Wallace Tunnel]] under the river and then over the bay across the [[Jubilee Parkway]] to [[Spanish Fort, Alabama|Spanish Fort]] and [[Daphne, Alabama|Daphne]]. US 98 leaves downtown through the [[Bankhead Tunnel]] under the river, onto [[Blakeley Island (Alabama)|Blakeley Island]], and then over the bay across the [[Battleship Parkway]] into Spanish Fort. US 90 travels over the [[Cochrane–Africatown USA Bridge]] to the north of downtown onto Blakeley Island, where it becomes co-routed with US 98.<ref name="roads1"/>

Mobile's public transportation is the [[The Wave Transit System|Wave Transit System]] which features buses with 18 fixed routes and neighborhood service.<ref name="buses">{{cite web |title=Wave Transit moda! |work=Wave Transit System |url=http://www.thewavetransit.com/ |access-date=January 28, 2010}}</ref> Baylinc is a public transportation bus service provided by the Baldwin Rural Transit System in cooperation with the Wave Transit System that provides service between eastern [[Baldwin County, Alabama|Baldwin County]] and downtown Mobile. Baylinc operates Monday through Friday.<ref name="baylinc">{{cite web |title=Baylinc Facts |work=The Wave Transit System |url=http://www.thewavetransit.com/files/BratSchedule.pdf |access-date=November 6, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071127083724/http://www.thewavetransit.com/files/BratSchedule.pdf |archive-date=November 27, 2007 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref>
[[Greyhound Lines]] provides intercity bus service between Mobile and many locations throughout the United States. Mobile is served by several taxi and limousine services.<ref name="guide1">{{cite web |title=Mobile City Guide |work=AL.com |url=http://www.al.com/mobile/cityguide/?transportation.html |access-date=October 18, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071110222417/http://www.al.com/mobile/cityguide/?transportation.html |archive-date=November 10, 2007 |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

====Water====
The [[Port of Mobile]] has public deepwater terminals with direct access to {{convert|1500|mi|km}} of inland and intracoastal waterways serving the [[Great Lakes]], the [[Ohio River|Ohio]] and [[Tennessee River|Tennessee river]] valleys (via the [[Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway]]), and the [[Gulf of Mexico]].<ref name="mobilechamber"/> The Alabama State Port Authority owns and operates the public terminals at the Port of Mobile.<ref name="mobilechamber"/> The public terminals handle [[Containerization|containerized]], bulk, breakbulk, [[roll-on/roll-off]], and heavy-lift cargoes.<ref name="mobilechamber"/> The port is also home to private bulk terminal operators, as well as a number of highly specialized shipbuilding and repair companies with two of the largest floating dry docks on the Gulf Coast.<ref name="mobilechamber"/>

The city was a home port for [[cruise ship]]s from [[Carnival Cruise Lines]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.carnival.com/cms/fun/ships/carnival_elation/default.aspx?shipCode=EL |title=Carnival Elation Cruises {{pipe}} Elation Cruise Ship {{pipe}} Carnival Cruise Line |publisher=Carnival.com |date=January 6, 2012 |access-date=March 26, 2013}}</ref> The first cruise ship to call the port home was the ''[[Holiday (ship)|Holiday]]'', which left the city in November 2009 so that a larger and newer ship could take its place. The ''[[Carnival Fantasy]]'' operated from Mobile from then on until the ''[[Carnival Elation]]'' arrived in May 2010.<ref>{{cite news |title=Carnival Cruise Lines to deploy ''Elation'' to Mobile; could carry 170,000 passengers a year |author=Brian Lyman |newspaper=Press Register |date=September 17, 2009 |url=https://www.al.com/live/2009/09/carnival_cruise_lines_to_deplo.html|access-date=December 4, 2021}}</ref> In early 2011, Carnival announced that despite fully booked cruises, the company would cease operations from Mobile in October 2011. This cessation of cruise service left the city with an annual [[interest|debt service]] of around two million dollars related to the terminal.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.wkrg.com/news/2012/jan/19/rent-alabama-cruise-terminal-ar-3077353/ |title=For Rent: The Alabama Cruise Terminal |author=Chad Petri |date=January 19, 2012 |work=WKRG News 5 |publisher=Media General Communications Holdings |access-date=November 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304175429/http://www2.wkrg.com/news/2012/jan/19/rent-alabama-cruise-terminal-ar-3077353/ |archive-date=March 4, 2012 |df=mdy-all}}</ref> In September 2015, Carnival announced that the ''[[Carnival Fantasy]]'' was relocating from Miami, Florida, to Mobile and would offer four- and five-night cruises to Mexico that started in November 2016 through November 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Carnival, City Of Mobile Announce Year-Long Season Of Cruises From Port Of Mobile Aboard Carnival Fantasy Beginning In 2016|url=http://carnival-news.com/2015/09/23/carnival-city-of-mobile-announce-year-long-season-of-cruises-from-port-of-mobile-aboard-carnival-fantasy-beginning-in-2016/|website=Carnival News|access-date=November 2, 2016|date=September 23, 2015}}</ref> Her first departure from Mobile left on November 9, 2016, on a five-night cruise to Cozumel and Progreso. ''[[Carnival Fascination]]'' will be replacing ''Carnival Fantasy'' in 2022.<ref>{{cite web|title=Carnival Fantasy May be Gone for Good|url=https://mynbc15.com/news/local/carnival-fantasy-may-be-gone-for-good|website=mynbc15.com|access-date=March 6, 2020}}</ref>

===Healthcare===
[[File:Mobile Infirmary front facade.jpg|thumb|Mobile Infirmary Medical Center]]
[[File:Providence Hospital Mobile 01.jpg|thumb|Providence Hospital]]

Mobile serves the central Gulf Coast as a regional center for medicine, with over 850 physicians and 175 dentists. There are four major medical centers within the city limits.

Mobile Infirmary Medical Center has 704 beds and is the largest nonprofit hospital in the state. It was founded in 1910. [[USA Health Providence Hospital|Providence Hospital]] has 349 beds. It was founded in 1854 by the [[Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul|Daughters of Charity]] from [[Emmitsburg, Maryland]]. The University of South Alabama Medical Center has 346 beds. Its roots go back to 1830 with the old city-owned [[Mobile City Hospital]] and associated medical school. A teaching hospital, it is designated as Mobile's only [[level I trauma center]] by the [[Alabama Department of Public Health]].<ref name="trauma">{{Cite web |last=Sharp |first=Jon |date=December 4, 2018 |title=USA trauma center gets state boost as governor eyes rural health problem |url=https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2018/12/usa-trauma-center-gets-state-boost-as-governor-eyes-rural-health-problem.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212222423/https://www.al.com/news/mobile/2018/12/usa-trauma-center-gets-state-boost-as-governor-eyes-rural-health-problem.html |archive-date=December 12, 2020 |access-date=December 30, 2020 |publisher=AL.com}}</ref><ref name="usatrauma">{{Cite web |title=Our Facilities: USA Family Medicine |url=http://fammed.usouthal.edu/residencyprogram/facilities.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407171959/http://fammed.usouthal.edu/residencyprogram/facilities.html |archive-date=April 7, 2019 |access-date=December 30, 2020 |website=University of South Alabama College of Medicine}}</ref><ref name="Alabama Trauma Centers">{{cite web |url= https://www.alabamapublichealth.gov/aths/trauma-center-levels.html |title=Trauma Centers |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=December 15, 2020 |website=Alabama Public Health |publisher=Alabama Department of Public Health |access-date=December 31, 2020 |quote=}}</ref> It is also a  regional burn center. Springhill Medical Center, with 252 beds, was founded in 1975. It is Mobile's only for-profit facility.<ref name="mobchamber3">{{cite web |title=Healthcare |work=Mobile Area Chamber of Commerce |url=http://www.mobilechamber.com/healthcare.asp |access-date=January 28, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509124546/http://www.mobilechamber.com/healthcare.asp |archive-date=May 9, 2008 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Additionally, the University of South Alabama operates the University of South Alabama Children's and Women's Hospital with 219 beds, dedicated exclusively to the care of women and minors.<ref name="mobchamber3"/> In 2008, the University of South Alabama opened the USA Mitchell Cancer Center Institute. The center is home to the first academic cancer research center in the central Gulf Coast region.<ref>{{cite news |first=Casandra |last=Andrews |title=USA Mitchell Cancer Institute opens in Mobile |url=https://www.al.com/live/2008/09/usa_mitchell_cancer_institute.html |work=Press Register |publisher=al.com |date=September 18, 2008 |access-date=March 23, 2009}}</ref>

Mobile Infirmary Medical Center operated Infirmary West, formerly Knollwood Hospital, with 100 acute-care beds, but closed the facility at the end of October 2012 due to declining revenues.<ref>{{cite news |first=Brendan |last=Kirby |title=Citing Obamacare, Infirmary Health System announces it will close Infirmary West Hospital |url=https://www.al.com/live/2012/10/citing_obamacare_infirmary_hea.html |work=Press Register |publisher=al.com |date=October 15, 2012 |access-date=December 4, 2021}}</ref>

BayPointe Hospital and Children's Residential Services is the only psychiatric hospital in the city. It houses a residential unit for children, an acute unit for children and adolescents, and an age-segregated involuntary hospital unit for adults undergoing evaluation ordered by the Mobile Probate Court.<ref name="baypointe">{{cite web |title=Children's Hospital and Residential Services |work=AltaPointe Health Systems |url=http://www.altapointe.org/baypoint.htm |access-date=February 2, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080614020724/http://www.altapointe.org/baypoint.htm |archive-date=June 14, 2008}}</ref>

The city has a broad array of outpatient surgical centers, emergency clinics, home health care services, assisted-living facilities and [[Nursing home|skilled nursing facilities]].<ref name="mobchamber3"/><ref name="nursing homes">{{cite web |title=Alabama Nursing Home Association |url=http://www.anha.org/ |access-date=January 29, 2008}}</ref>