Editing Gulf War (section)

===Sanctions===
{{Main|United Nations Security Council Resolution 661|Sanctions against Iraq}}
{{Wikisource|United Nations Security Council Resolution 661}}
On 6 August 1990, after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 661 which imposed economic sanctions on Iraq, providing for a full trade [[embargo]], excluding medical supplies, food and other items of humanitarian necessity, these to be determined by the council's sanctions committee. From 1991 until 2003, the effects of government policy and sanctions regime led to [[hyperinflation]], widespread poverty and malnutrition.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}

During the late 1990s, the UN considered relaxing the sanctions imposed because of the hardships suffered by ordinary Iraqis. Studies dispute the number of people who died in south and central Iraq during the years of the sanctions.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm |title=Iraq surveys show 'humanitarian emergency' |website=UNICEF |date=12 August 1999 |access-date=29 November 2009 |archive-date=6 August 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090806193122/http://www.unicef.org/newsline/99pr29.htm }}</ref><ref name=Spagat>{{cite magazine |url=http://personal.rhul.ac.uk/uhte/014/Truth%20and%20Death.pdf |title=Truth and death in Iraq under sanctions |first=Michael |last=Spagat |date=September 2010 |magazine=[[Significance (journal)|Significance]] |access-date=21 December 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711190050/http://personal.rhul.ac.uk/uhte/014/Truth%20and%20Death.pdf |archive-date=11 July 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Rubin |first=Michael |title=Sanctions on Iraq: A Valid Anti-American Grievance? |journal=[[Middle East Review of International Affairs]] |volume=5 |issue=4 |url=http://www.iraqwatch.org/perspectives/meria-rubin-sanctions-1201.htm |pages=100–115 |date=December 2001 |author-link=Michael Rubin (historian) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028003924/http://www.iraqwatch.org/perspectives/meria-rubin-sanctions-1201.htm |archive-date=28 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="Dyson & Cetorelli 2017">{{Cite journal|last1=Dyson|first1=Tim|last2=Cetorelli|first2=Valeria|date=2017-07-01|title=Changing views on child mortality and economic sanctions in Iraq: a history of lies, damned lies and statistics|journal=BMJ Global Health|language=en|volume=2|issue=2|pages=e000311|doi=10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000311|pmid=29225933|issn=2059-7908|pmc=5717930}}</ref>