Editing Generation X (section)

====Punk rock====
{{main|Punk rock}}
[[File:Offspringlive.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.3|[[The Offspring]] performing in 2008 in Fortaleza, Brazil]]

From 1974 to 1976, a new generation of rock bands arose, including the [[Ramones]], [[Johnny Thunders and the Heartbreakers]], and [[the Dictators]] in New York City; the [[Sex Pistols]], [[the Clash]], [[The Damned (band)|the Damned]], and [[Buzzcocks]] in the United Kingdom; and [[The Saints (Australian band)|the Saints]] in [[Brisbane]], Australia. By late 1976, these acts were generally recognized as forming the vanguard of "punk rock", and as 1977 approached, punk rock became a major and highly controversial cultural phenomenon in the UK.<ref>{{cite web |title=Punk |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/style/punk-ma0000002806 |quote=in both the U.K. and the U.S. In America, punk remained an underground sensation, eventually spawning the hardcore and indie-rock scenes of the '80s, but in the UK, it was a full-scale phenomenon. In the U.K., the Sex Pistols were thought of as a serious threat to the well-being of the government and monarchy, but more importantly, they caused countless bands to form. |url-access=subscription |access-date=23 November 2018 |archive-date=1 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001181553/https://www.allmusic.com/style/punk-ma0000002806 |url-status=live }}</ref> It spawned a [[punk subculture]] which expressed a youthful rebellion, characterized by distinctive [[Punk fashion|styles of clothing and adornment]] (ranging from deliberately offensive T-shirts, leather jackets, studded or spiked bands and jewelry, as well as bondage and S&M clothes) and a variety of [[Punk ideologies|anti-authoritarian ideologies]] that have since been associated with the form.<ref>{{cite web |last=Roderick |first=John |title=Punk Rock Is Bullshit: How a Toxic Social Movement Poisoned Our Culture |work=Seattle Weekly |date=27 February 2013 |url=http://www.seattleweekly.com/music/for-those-of-us-who-grew-up-in-the-shadow-of-the/ |quote=For those of us who grew up in the shadow of the baby boom, force-fed the misremembered vainglory of Woodstock long after most hippies had become coked-out, craven yuppies on their way to becoming paranoid neo-cons, punk rock provided a corrective dose of hard truth. Punk was ugly and ugly was true, no matter how many new choruses the Boomers added to their song of self-praise. It was this perceived honesty that we, the nascent Generation X, feared and worshipped. But over time punk swelled into a Stalinistic doctrine of self-denial that stunted us. The yuppies kept sucking, but by clinging to punk we started to suck too. |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=28 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728180236/https://www.seattleweekly.com/music/for-those-of-us-who-grew-up-in-the-shadow-of-the/ |url-status=live }}</ref> 

By 1977 the influence of punk rock music and its subculture became more pervasive, spreading throughout various countries worldwide.<ref>{{cite web |title=The History and Evolution of Punk Rock Music |date=10 April 2018 |work=liveabout.com |url=https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-punk-rock-2803345 |quote=By the late '70s, punk had finished its beginning and had emerged as a solid musical force. With its rise in popularity, punk began to split into numerous sub-genres. New musicians embraced the DIY movement and began to create their own individual scenes with specific sounds. |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=13 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513205707/https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-punk-rock-2803345 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It generally took root in local scenes that tended to reject affiliation with the mainstream.<ref>{{cite web |work=Handbook of Texas Online |first=John H. |last=Slate |title=Punk Rock |access-date=23 November 2018 |url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/xbp02 |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |archive-date=24 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181124055121/https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/xbp02 |url-status=live }}</ref> In the late 1970s, punk experienced its second wave. Acts that were not active during its formative years adopted the style. While at first punk musicians were not Gen Xers themselves (many of them were late Boomers, or [[Generation Jones]]),<ref name="Danton">{{cite web |last=Danton |first=Eric R. |title=The Conflicted Musical Legacy of Generation X |work=Hartford Courant |date=6 November 2005 |url=https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-2005-11-06-0511040334-story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123201659/https://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-xpm-2005-11-06-0511040334-story.html |archive-date=23 November 2018 |quote=Punk was the first musical reaction to the classic-rock ethos of the Woodstock generation. The original punk rockers were late-period Boomers eager to distance themselves from the supercilious upper end of their demographic, and their music, reflecting the dour economics of the late 1970s, became a template for Generation X and the ensuing "post-punk" movement that eventually birthed grunge. |access-date=22 July 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> the fanbase for punk became increasingly Gen X-oriented as the earliest Xers entered their adolescence, and it therefore made a significant imprint on the cohort.<ref>{{cite web |last=Guzman |first=Richard |title=Grunge, rap music movements of the early 1990s became Gen X's soundtrack |work=Press Telegram |date=28 December 2015 |url=https://www.presstelegram.com/2015/12/28/grunge-rap-music-movements-of-the-early-1990s-became-gen-xs-soundtrack/ |quote=The Gen X soundtrack was more of a mixtape that ranged from feel-good dance and pop music, to punk, glam rock, new wave, alternative and rap. |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=6 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210806145610/https://www.presstelegram.com/2015/12/28/grunge-rap-music-movements-of-the-early-1990s-became-gen-xs-soundtrack/ |url-status=live }}</ref> 

By the 1980s, faster and more aggressive subgenres such as [[hardcore punk]] (e.g., [[Minor Threat]]), [[street punk]] (e.g., [[the Exploited]], [[NOFX]]) and [[anarcho-punk]] (e.g., [[Subhumans (British band)|Subhumans]]) became the predominant modes of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk often later pursued other musical directions, resulting in a broad range of spinoffs. This development gave rise to genres such as [[post-punk]], [[new wave music|new wave]] and later [[indie pop]], [[alternative rock]], and [[noise rock]]. Gen Xers were no longer simply the consumers of punk, they became the creators as well.<ref name="Danton"/> By the 1990s, punk rock re-emerged into the mainstream. Punk rock and [[pop punk]] bands with Gen X members such as [[Green Day]], [[Rancid (band)|Rancid]], [[The Offspring]], and [[Blink-182]] brought widespread popularity to the genre .<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Punk |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |first=Jon |last=Savage |url=https://www.britannica.com/art/punk |quote=Punk's full impact came only after the success of Nirvana in 1991, coinciding with the ascendance of Generation X—a new, disaffected generation born in the 1960s, many members of which identified with punk’s charged, often contradictory mix of intelligence, simplicity, anger, and powerlessness. |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114105315/https://www.britannica.com/art/punk |url-status=live }}</ref>