Editing Ezra Pound (section)

===Rehabilitation efforts, scholarship===
{{further|New Criticism}}
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 | quote= {{center|1=[https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5575b396e4b017c5045ccbf6/1486061274402-PKR9VC68YNVCFSNL94X1/ke17ZwdGBToddI8pDm48kHzUlphYV1ULg7QKL7CSOG5Zw-zPPgdn4jUwVcJE1ZvWQUxwkmyExglNqGp0IvTJZUJFbgE-7XRK3dMEBRBhUpxEMebKWP8-43CUJzGBtpg4XxCFtEIYU5yEn4iQ50RWGxfNTsY_ZOOGKKLZ-3Fv0qU/Screen+Shot+2016-10-28+at+2.26.36+PM.png Ezra Pound, 30 June 1958], photographed by [[Richard Avedon]] at the home of [[William Carlos Williams]], Rutherford, New Jersey.<ref>[https://www.avedonfoundation.org/the-work "Ezra Pound"], The Richard Avedon Foundation.</ref>}}{{pb}}
"The photograph has a legend behind it. Avedon, they say, stepped up close and raised the camera, and said, 'You know I'm Jewish?' and before Pound could reply he clicked the shutter and froze him like this."
 |source= —&nbsp;Daniel Swift, ''The Bughouse'', 2018.<ref>Swift (2017), 251</ref>
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After the Bollingen Prize in 1949, Pound's friends sought to rehabilitate him.<ref>Barnhisel (1998), 273–274; Erkkila (2011), xlvii</ref> James Laughlin's [[New Directions Publishing]] published his ''Selected Poems'', with an introduction by Eliot, and a censored selection of ''The Cantos''. [[Ralph Fletcher Seymour]] published ''Patria Mia'' (written around 1912) to show that Pound was an American patriot.<ref name=Erkila2011pxlvii/> In advertisements, magazine articles, and critical introductions, Pound's friends and publishers attributed his antisemitism and fascism to mental illness.<ref>Barnhisel (1998), 273–274</ref>

Literary scholar Betsy Erkkila writes that no one was more important to Pound's rehabilitation than [[Hugh Kenner]],<ref name=Erkkila2001pxlviii>Erkkila (2011), xlviii</ref> who was introduced to Pound by [[Marshall McLuhan]] in St. Elizabeths in May 1948, when Kenner was 25.<ref>Tremblay (1998), 110–111</ref> Kenner's ''The Poetry of Ezra Pound'' (1951) adopted a [[New Criticism|New Critical]] approach, where all that mattered was the work itself.<ref>Erkkila (2011), xliii</ref>

New Directions and [[Faber & Faber]] published ''Ezra Pound: Translations'' in 1953, introduced by Kenner, and the following year ''Literary Essays of Ezra Pound'', introduced by Eliot.<ref name=Erkila2011pxlvii>Erkkila (2011), xlvii</ref> The first PhD dissertation on Pound was completed in 1948, and by 1970 there were around ten a year. Kenner's ''[[The Pound Era]]'' (1971), which overlooked the fascism, antisemitism, World War II, treason, and the Bollingen Award, effectively equated Pound with modernism.<ref>Erkkila (2011), xlviii, liv</ref> Pound scholar Leon Surette argued that Kenner's approach was [[Hagiography|hagiographic]]. He included in this approach Caroll F. Terrell's ''Paideuma: A Journal Devoted to Ezra Pound Scholarship'',<ref name=Surette2005>Surette and Tryphonopoulos (2005)</ref> founded in 1972 and edited by Kenner and [[Eva Hesse]],<ref name=Erkkila2001pxlviii/>{{efn|From 2001 ''Paideuma'' began publishing material about modernist poetry in general, not only Pound.<ref>Erkkila (2011), lvi–lvii</ref>}} and Terrell's two-volume ''A Companion to the Cantos of Ezra Pound'' (1980–1984).<ref name=Surette2005/> In 1971 Terrell founded the [[National Poetry Foundation]] to focus on Pound, and organized conferences on Pound in 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990.<ref name=Terrellobit>[https://obituaries.bowdoin.edu/carroll-franklin-terrell-38/ "Carroll Franklin Terrell '38"]. ''Bowdowin'' magazine, undated.</ref>

Following [[Eustace Mullins]]' biography, ''This Difficult Individual, Ezra Pound'' (1961), was ''Life of Ezra Pound'' (1970) by Noel Stock. A former reporter, Stock was one of the publishers of Pound's newspaper articles in the 1950s, including his antisemitism.<ref>Nadel (2010), 162; Swift (2017), 199</ref> Ronald Bush's ''The Genesis of Ezra Pound's Cantos'' (1976) became the first critical study of ''The Cantos''.<ref name=Nadel2001p12>Nadel (2001), 12</ref> Several significant biographies appeared in the 1980s: J. J. Wilhelm's three-volume work (1985–1994), beginning with ''The American Roots of Ezra Pound''; [[John Tytell]]'s ''Ezra Pound: The Solitary Volcano'' (1987); and [[Humphrey Carpenter]]'s 1005-page ''A Serious Character'' (1988). A. David Moody's three-volume ''Ezra Pound: Poet'' (2007–2015) combines biography with literary criticism.<ref name=Nadel2010bp162>Nadel (2010), 162–165</ref>

Studies that examine Pound's relationships with the [[Far-right politics|far right]] include Robert Casillo's ''The Genealogy of Demons'' (1988); [[Tim Redman]]'s ''Ezra Pound and Italian Fascism'' (1999); Leon Surette's ''Pound in Purgatory'' (1999);<ref>Coats (2009), 81</ref> [[Matthew Feldman (historian)|Matthew Feldman]]'s ''Ezra Pound's Fascist Propaganda, 1935–45'' (2013); and Alec Marsh's ''John Kasper and Ezra Pound'' (2015).