Editing Challenger Deep (section)

====2021 – ''Ring of Fire 2 Expedition / DSV Limiting Factor''====
{{main|DSV Limiting Factor}}
On 28 February 2021 Caladan Oceanic's "Ring of Fire 2" expedition arrived over the Challenger Deep and conducted manned descents and lander deployments into the Challenger Deep.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://twitter.com/VictorVescovo| title = Victor Vescovo @ twitter| access-date = 21 June 2020| archive-date = 20 March 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210320061916/https://twitter.com/VictorVescovo| url-status = live}}</ref> At the start the (uncrewed) ultra-deep-sea lander ''Skaff'' was deployed to collect water column data by CTD for the expedition. The effects of the Pacific subducting plate crashing into the Philippine Plate was among the things researched onsite.
On 1 March 2021, the first manned descent to the eastern pool was made by Victor Vescovo and [[Richard Garriott]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://twitter.com/RichardGarriott/status/1366326951372328962| title = Richard Garriott @ twitter| access-date = 2 March 2021| archive-date = 1 March 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210301095935/https://twitter.com/RichardGarriott/status/1366326951372328962| url-status = live}}</ref> Garriott became the 17th person to descend to the bottom.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/history-making-brit-explorer-dives-23593598 |title=Brit spaceman's incredible pictures from the bottom the Earth – including selfie |work=mirror.co.uk |date=2 March 2021 |access-date=3 March 2021 |archive-date=2 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302195003/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/uk-news/history-making-brit-explorer-dives-23593598 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="collectspace.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-030321a-astronaut-garriott-dive-challenger-deep.html |title=Astronaut-explorer sets records on dive to deepest point on Earth |work=collectspace.com |access-date=6 March 2021 |archive-date=5 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305083455/http://www.collectspace.com/news/news-030321a-astronaut-garriott-dive-challenger-deep.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
On 2 March 2021, a descent to the eastern pool was made by Victor Vescovo and [[Michael Dubno]].<ref name="collectspace.com"/><ref>{{cite web| url = https://twitter.com/hashtag/venturetothedeep?src=hashtag_click| title = VentureToTheDeep @ twitter| access-date = 15 March 2021| archive-date = 24 December 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211224185749/https://twitter.com/hashtag/venturetothedeep?src=hashtag_click| url-status = live}}</ref>
On 5 March a descent to the eastern pool was made by Victor Vescovo and [[Hamish Harding]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gulftoday.ae/news/2021/03/05/dubai-resident-hamish-harding-explores-ocean-deepest-point-challenger-deep |title=Dubai resident Hamish Harding explores ocean's deepest point 'Challenger Deep' in record-breaking attempt |work=gulftoday.ae |access-date=6 March 2021 |format=video |archive-date=5 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210305210749/https://www.gulftoday.ae/news/2021/03/05/dubai-resident-hamish-harding-explores-ocean-deepest-point-challenger-deep |url-status=live }}</ref> They traversed the bottom of Challenger Deep.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.facebook.com/ActionAviationChairman/| title = Hamish Harding @ facebook| website = [[Facebook]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = https://twitter.com/actionaviation0| title = Hamish Harding @ twitter| access-date = 6 March 2021| archive-date = 20 March 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210320062151/https://twitter.com/ActionAviation0| url-status = live}}</ref>
On 11 March 2021 a descent to the Western Pool was made by Victor Vescovo and marine botanist [[Nicole Yamase]].<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.facebook.com/BlueProsperityMicronesia/posts/257836152625175 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/113462413729217/257836152625175 |archive-date=2022-02-25 |url-access=limited| title = Blue Prosperity Micronesia @ Facebook|website=[[Facebook]] }}{{cbignore}}</ref>
On 13 April 2021 a descent was made by deep water submersible operations expert [[Rob McCallum]] and Tim Macdonald who piloted the dive.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/science/124823189/historymaking-109km-anzac-dive-to-the-bottom-of-the-mariana-trench |title=History-making 10.9km 'Anzac Dive' to the bottom of the Mariana Trench |work=stuff.co.nz |date=13 April 2021 |access-date=17 April 2021 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416222540/https://www.stuff.co.nz/science/124823189/historymaking-109km-anzac-dive-to-the-bottom-of-the-mariana-trench |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ANZAC Dive">{{Cite web|title='The ANZAC Dive': Australian, New Zealander Dive To Challenger Deep – DeeperBlue.com|url=https://www.deeperblue.com/the-anzac-dive-australian-new-zealander-dive-to-challenger-deep/|access-date=2021-04-10|website=www.deeperblue.com|language=en-US|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410024556/https://www.deeperblue.com/the-anzac-dive-australian-new-zealander-dive-to-challenger-deep/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="challengeranzac">{{Cite web|title=Challenger Deep ANZAC Expedition|url=https://caladanoceanic.com/expeditions/challengeranzac/|access-date=2021-04-18|website=caladanoceanic.com|language=en-US|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418130115/https://caladanoceanic.com/expeditions/challengeranzac/|url-status=live}}</ref>
A 2021 descent with a Japanese citizen is planned.<ref name="challengerjapan">{{Cite web|title=Challenger Deep Japanese Expedition|url=https://caladanoceanic.com/expeditions/challengerjapan/|access-date=2021-04-18|website=caladanoceanic.com|language=en-US|archive-date=18 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210418130117/https://caladanoceanic.com/expeditions/challengerjapan/|url-status=dead}}</ref>
All manned descents were conducted in the Deep-Submergence Vehicle ''[[Triton Submarines|DSV Limiting Factor]]''.