Editing Basel (section)

== Education ==
Besides [[Humanism]] the city of Basel has also been well known for its achievements in the field of mathematics. Among others, the mathematician [[Leonhard Euler]] and the [[Bernoulli family]] have done research and been teaching at the local institutions for centuries. In 1910 the Swiss Mathematical Society was founded in the city and in the mid-twentieth century the Russian mathematician [[Alexander Ostrowski]] taught at the local university. In 2000 about 57,864 or (34.7%) of the population have completed non-mandatory [[Education in Switzerland#Secondary|upper secondary education]], and 27,603 or (16.6%) have completed additional higher education (either [[List of universities in Switzerland|university]] or a {{Lang|de|[[Fachhochschule]]}}). Of the 27,603 who completed tertiary schooling, 44.4% were Swiss men, 31.1% were Swiss women, 13.9% were non-Swiss men and 10.6% were non-Swiss women.<ref name=STAT2000/>

In 2010 11,912 students attended the [[University of Basel]] (55% female). 25% were foreign nationals, 16% were from canton of Basel-Stadt. In 2006, 6162 students studied at one of the nine academies of the FHNW (51% female).<ref name=BB/>

{{as of|2000}}, there were 5,820 students in Basel who came from another municipality, while 1,116 residents attended schools outside the municipality.<ref name=commuter/>

=== Universities ===
[[File:Johann von Venningen Bischof Basel.jpg|thumb|left|Inauguration ceremony of the University of Basel, 1460]]
Basel hosts Switzerland's oldest university, the [[University of Basel]], dating from 1460. [[Desiderius Erasmus|Erasmus]], [[Paracelsus]], [[Daniel Bernoulli]], [[Leonhard Euler]], [[Jacob Burckhardt]], [[Friedrich Nietzsche]], [[Tadeusz Reichstein]], [[Karl Jaspers]], [[Carl Jung|Carl Gustav Jung]], and [[Karl Barth]] worked there. The University of Basel is currently counted among the 90 best educational institutions worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-07-19 |title=Mehr als nur Wirtschaftsmotor |url=https://www.bazonline.ch/mehr-als-nur-wirtschaftsmotor-585442141269?track |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=Basler Zeitung |language=de}}</ref>

In 2007, the [[ETH Zurich]] (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich) established the Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE) in Basel. The creation of the D-BSSE was driven by a Swiss-wide research initiative SystemsX, and was jointly supported by funding from the ETH Zürich, the Swiss Government, the Swiss University Conference (SUC) and private industry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bsse.ethz.ch/ |title=Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering Website |publisher=bsse.ethz.ch |access-date=21 June 2010 |archive-date=23 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423065655/http://www.bsse.ethz.ch/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Basel also hosts several academies of the ''Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz|Fachhochschule NW (FHNW)'': the FHNW Academy of Art and Design, FHNW Academy of Music, and the FHNW School of Business.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fhnw.ch/Schools-and-campuses/campus-sites |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523111731/http://www.fhnw.ch/Schools-and-campuses/campus-sites |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 May 2015 |title=Campus Sites |publisher=FHNW |location=Basel, Switzerland |access-date=23 April 2015 }}</ref>

Basel is renowned for various scientific societies, such as the Entomological Society of Basel (Entomologische Gesellschaft Basel, EGB), which celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2005.<ref>[http://www.egbasel.ch/ EGB website-Wer sind wir] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111232933/http://egbasel.ch/ |date=11 January 2016 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 14 May 2012</ref>

=== Volksschule ===
In 2005 16,939 pupils and students attended the ''Volksschule'' (the obligatory school time, including ''Kindergarten'' (127), primary schools (''Primarschule'', 25), and lower secondary schools (''Sekundarschule'', 10),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.volksschulen.bs.ch/schulen.html |language=de |title=Schulen |publisher=Kanton Basel-Stadt |access-date=24 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419171116/http://www.volksschulen.bs.ch/schulen.html |archive-date=19 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Schulsystem: Das Schulsystem in Basel-Stadt |trans-title=School System: The School System in Basel-Stadt |url=http://www.volksschulen.bs.ch/schulsystem.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150419071944/http://www.volksschulen.bs.ch/schulsystem.html |archive-date=19 April 2015 |access-date=24 April 2015 |publisher=Kanton Basel-Stadt |language=de}}</ref> of which 94% visited public schools and 39.5% were foreign nationals. In 2010 already 51.1% of all pupils spoke another language than German as their first language. In 2009 3.1% of the pupils visited special classes for pupils with particular needs. The average amount of study in primary school in Basel is 816 teaching hours per year.<ref name=BB>{{cite web |url=http://bsb.edubs.ch/publikationen/Bildungsbericht |title=Bildungsbericht 2010/2011 |publisher=Erziehungsdepartement des Kantons Basel-Stadt |location=Basel, Switzerland |date=November 2011 |type=yearly report |format=online viewer |language=de |access-date=24 April 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150114084357/http://bsb.edubs.ch/publikationen/Bildungsbericht |archive-date=14 January 2015  }}</ref>

=== Upper secondary school ===
In 2010 65% of the youth finished their upper secondary education with a vocational training and education, 18% finished their upper secondary education with a [[Matura|Federal Matura]] at one of the five gymnasiums, 5% completed a ''Fachmaturität'' at the ''FMS'', 5% completed a ''Berufsmaturität'' synchronously to their vocational training, and 7% other kind of upper secondary maturity. 14.1% of all students at public gymnasiums were foreign nationals. The Maturity quota in 2010 was on a record high at 28.8% (32.8 female, 24.9% male).<ref name=BB/>
[[File:Basel 2012-09-16 Batch (5).JPG|thumb|upright|left|The Gymnasium Leonhard]]

Basel has five public [[Mittelschule|gymnasiums]] (''{{Interlanguage link|Gymnasium Bäumlihof|de}}'', ''{{Interlanguage link|Gymnasium Kirschgarten|de}}'', ''{{Interlanguage link|Gymnasium am Münsterplatz|de}}'', ''{{Interlanguage link|Gymnasium Leonhard|de}}'', ''{{Interlanguage link|Wirtschaftsgymnasium und Wirtschaftsmittelschule Basel|de}}''), each with its own profiles (different focus on major subjects, such as visual design, biology and chemistry, Italian, Spanish, or Latin languages, music, physics and applied mathematics, philosophy/education/psychology, and economics and law) that entitles students with a successful [[Matura]] graduation to attend universities. And one ''Fachmaturitätsschule'', the ''FMS'', with six different major subjects (health/natural sciences, education, social work, design/art, music/theatre/dance, and communication/media) that entitles students with a successful [[Fachmatura]] graduation to attend {{lang|de|[[Fachhochschule]]n}}. Four different ''höhere Fachschulen'' (higher vocational schools such as ''Bildungszentrum Gesundheit Basel-Stadt'' (health), ''Allgemeine Gewerbeschule Basel'' (trade), ''Berufsfachschule Basel'', ''Schule für Gestaltung Basel'' (design)) allows vocational students to improve their knowledge and know-how.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mb.bs.ch/schulen.html |title=Schulen |publisher=Kanton Basel-Stadt |language=de |access-date=24 April 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428062714/http://www.mb.bs.ch/schulen.html |archive-date=28 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== International schools ===
As a city with a percentage of foreigners of more than thirty-five per cent and as one of the most important centres in the chemical and pharmaceutical field in the world, Basel counts several international schools including: ''Academia International School'', ''École Française de Bâle'', ''Freies Gymnasium Basel'' (private), ''Gymnasium am Münsterplatz'' (public), ''[[Schweizerisch-italienische Primarschule Sandro Pertini]]'', [[International School Basel]], [[BLIS Baselland International School]] and [[SIS Swiss International School]].

=== Libraries ===
Basel is home to at least 65 libraries. Some of the largest include; the Universitätsbibliothek Basel (main university library), the special libraries of the University of Basel, the ''Allgemein Bibliotheken der Gesellschaft für Gutes und Gemeinnütziges (GGG) Basel'', the Library of the ''Pädagogische Hochschule'', the Library of the ''Hochschule für Soziale Arbeit'' and the Library of the ''Hochschule für Wirtschaft''. There was a combined total ({{as of|2008|lc=on}}) of 8,443,643 books or other media in the libraries, and in the same year a total of 1,722,802 items were loaned out.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Swiss Federal Statistical Office, list of libraries |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/16/02/02/data.html |archive-url=http://web.archive.org/web/20160824112833/http://www.bfs.admin.ch:80/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/16/02/02/data.html |archive-date=2016-08-24 |access-date=2025-05-20 |website=www.bfs.admin.ch |language=de}}</ref>