Editing Amsterdam (section)

==Education==
[[File:Agnietenkapel Gate.jpg|thumb|left|The Agnietenkapel Gate at the [[University of Amsterdam]], founded in 1632 as the Athenaeum Illustre]]
Amsterdam has two universities: the [[University of Amsterdam]] (''Universiteit van Amsterdam'', UvA), and the ''[[Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam]]'' (VU). Other institutions for higher education include an art school – [[Gerrit Rietveld Academie]], a [[Vocational university#Netherlands|university of applied sciences]] – the [[Hogeschool van Amsterdam]], and the [[Amsterdamse Hogeschool voor de Kunsten]]. Amsterdam's [[International Institute of Social History]] is one of the world's largest documentary and research institutions concerning [[social history]], and especially the [[labor history (discipline)|history of the labour movement]]. Amsterdam's [[Hortus Botanicus (Amsterdam)|Hortus Botanicus]], founded in the early 17th century, is one of the oldest botanical gardens in the world,<ref name="Hortus">{{Cite web |title=Hortus Botanicus official website |url=http://www.dehortus.nl/Index.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090831051745/http://www.dehortus.nl/Index.asp |archive-date=31 August 2009 |access-date=10 June 2009 |publisher=2009 de Hortus}}</ref> with many old and rare specimens, among them the [[coffee|coffee plant]] that served as the parent for the entire [[coffee culture]] in Central and South America.<ref name="he">{{Cite web |title=Higher Education in Amsterdam |url=http://www.amsterdam.info/universities/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704195020/http://www.amsterdam.info/universities/ |archive-date=4 July 2008 |access-date=4 June 2008 |publisher=Amsterdam.info}}</ref>

There are over 200 primary schools in Amsterdam.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amsterdam.nl/onderwijs-jeugd/basisonderwijs/stedelijk/ |title=Stedelijk Toelatingsbeleid |language=Dutch |publisher=Municipality of Amsterdam |date=2015 |access-date=20 July 2015}}</ref> Some of these primary schools base their teachings on particular pedagogic theories like the various [[Maria Montessori|Montessori]] schools. The biggest Montessori high school in Amsterdam is the [[Montessori Lyceum Amsterdam]]. Many schools, however, are based on religion. This used to be primarily Roman Catholicism and various Protestant denominations, but with the influx of Muslim immigrants, there has been a rise in the number of Islamic schools. Jewish schools can be found in the southern suburbs of Amsterdam.

[[File:Overzicht, natuurstenen voorgevel, een middenrisaliet met attiek - Amsterdam - 20408818 - RCE.jpg|thumb|right|[[Barlaeus Gymnasium]]]]
Amsterdam is noted for having five independent grammar schools (Dutch: gymnasia), the [[Vossius Gymnasium]], [[Barlaeus Gymnasium]], St. [[Ignatius Gymnasium]], [[Het 4e Gymnasium]] and the Cygnus Gymnasium where a classical curriculum including [[Latin]] and [[Ancient Greek|classical Greek]] is taught. Though believed until recently by many to be an anachronistic and elitist concept that would soon die out, the gymnasia have recently experienced a revival, leading to the formation of a fourth and fifth grammar school in which the three aforementioned schools participate. Most secondary schools in Amsterdam offer a variety of different levels of education in the same school. The city also has various colleges ranging from art and design to politics and economics which are mostly also available for students coming from other countries.

Schools for foreign nationals in Amsterdam include the [[Amsterdam International Community School]], [[British School of Amsterdam]], [[Albert Einstein International School Amsterdam]], [[Lycée Vincent van Gogh La Haye-Amsterdam]] primary campus (French school), [[International School of Amsterdam]], and the [[Japanese School of Amsterdam]].