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===Monuments=== {{Main|Monuments of Yerevan|List of statues in Yerevan}} ====Historic==== [[File:-Եկեղեցական համալիր Ավանի Սբ. Աստվածածին (Կաթողիկե, Ծիրանավոր) 23.jpg|thumb|[[Cathedral of Avan]] built in 591]] [[File:Erevan church.jpg|thumb|[[Katoghike Church, Yerevan|Katoghike Church]] in Yerevan]] [[File:St Zoravor church in Yerevan 01.JPG|thumb|[[Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin Church]]]] Many of the structures of Yerevan had been destroyed either during foreign invasions or as a result of the devastating [[1679 Armenia earthquake|earthquake in 1679]]. However, some structures have remained moderately intact and were renovated during the following years. [[Erebuni Fortress]], also known as ''Arin Berd'', is the hill where the city of Yerevan was founded in 782 BC by King [[Argishti I of Urartu|Argishti I]]. The remains of other structures from earlier periods are also found in Shengavit. [[File:2014 Erywań, Błękitny Meczet (09).jpg|thumb|The Blue Mosque]] The 4th-century chapel of the Holy Mother of God and the 6th-century [[Katoghike Tsiranavor Church of Avan|Tsiranavor Church]] both located in [[Avan District]] at the north of Yerevan, are among the oldest surviving Christian structures of the city. Originally a suburb at the north of Yerevan, Avan was eventually absorbed by the city's gradual expansion. The district is also home to the remains of Surp Hovhannes Chapel dating back to the 12–13th centuries. [[Katoghike Church, Yerevan|Katoghike Church]]; a medieval chapel (a section of once much larger basilica) in the centre of Yerevan, built in 1264, is one of the best preserved churches of the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://am.chineseembassy.org/chn/lsqw/t1405205.htm|script-title=zh:中国公民赴亚美尼亚注意事项|access-date=2017-07-09|date=2016-04-27|publisher=中华人民共和国驻亚美尼亚共和国大使馆|language=zh|archive-date=8 September 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200908055211/http://am.chineseembassy.org/chn/lsqw/t1405205.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Zoravor Surp Astvatsatsin Church]] is also among the best surviving churches of Yerevan, built 1693–94 right after the devastating earthquake, on the ruins of a medieval church. [[Saint Sarkis Cathedral, Yerevan|Saint Sarkis Cathedral]] rebuilt in 1835–42, is the seat of [[Araratian Pontifical Diocese]] of the [[Armenian Apostolic Church]]. The [[Blue Mosque, Yerevan|Blue Mosque]] or "Gök Jami", built between 1764 and 1768 at the centre of the city, is currently the only operating mosque in Armenia. The [[Red Bridge (Yerevan)|Red Bridge]] of [[Hrazdan River]] is a 17th-century structure, built after the 1679 earthquake and later reconstructed in 1830. ====Contemporary==== [[File:Ցեղասպանության թանգարան.JPG|thumb|Aerial view of Tsitsernakaberd memorial and the [[Armenian genocide|genocide]] museum]] [[Yerevan Opera Theater]] or the Armenian National Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre opened in 1933, is a major landmark in the city along with the [[Matenadaran|Mesrop Mashtots Matenadaran]] opened in 1959, and [[Tsitsernakaberd]] monument of the [[Armenian genocide]] opened in 1967. [[Moscow Cinema]], opened in 1937 on the site of [[Saint Paul and Peter Church, Yerevan|Saint Paul and Peter Church]] of the 5th century, is an important example of the Soviet-era architecture. In 1959, a monument was erected near the Yerevan Railway Station dedicated to the legendary Armenian hero [[David of Sassoun]]. The monumental statue of [[Mother Armenia]] is a female personification of the Armenian nation, erected in 1967, replacing the huge statue of [[Joseph Stalin]] in the [[Victory Park, Yerevan|Victory park]]. [[Komitas Pantheon]] is a cemetery opened in 1936 where many famous Armenians are buried, while the [[Yerablur]] Pantheon, is a military cemetery where over 1,000 Armenian martyrs of the [[Nagorno-Karabakh conflict]] are buried since 1990. Many new notable buildings were constructed after the independence of Armenia such as the [[Yerevan Cascade]], and the [[Saint Gregory the Illuminator Cathedral, Yerevan|Saint Gregory Cathedral]] opened in 2001 to commemorate the 1700th anniversary of Christianity in Armenia. In May 2016, a monumental statue of the prominent Armenian statesman and military leader [[Garegin Nzhdeh]] was erected at the centre of Yerevan.
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