Editing Starbucks (section)

===Logo===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150px">
File:Sbux logo pre 1987.gif|1971–1987
File:Starbucks Coffee logo 1987.png|1987–1992
File:Starbucks Coffee Logo.svg|1992–2011
File:Starbucks Corporation Logo 2011.svg|2011–present
</gallery>

In 2006, Valerie O'Neil, a Starbucks spokeswoman, said that the logo is an image of a "twin-tailed mermaid, or [[Siren (mythology)|siren]] as she's known in Greek mythology".<ref>{{cite news|date=September 11, 2006|title=The Insider: Principal roasts Starbucks over steamy retro logo|work=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]|url=https://www.seattlepi.com/business/article/The-Insider-Principal-roasts-Starbucks-over-1214176.php}}</ref> The logo has been significantly streamlined over the years. In the first version,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Schultz|first1=Howard|url=https://archive.org/details/pouryourheartint00howa|title=Pour Your Heart Into It: How Starbucks Built a Company One Cup at a Time|last2=Jones Yang|first2=Dori|publisher=[[Hachette Books|Hyperion]]|year=1997|isbn=0-7868-6315-3|location=New York|author-link1=Howard Schultz|author-link2=Dori Jones Yang}}</ref> the Starbucks siren was topless and had a fully visible double fish tail.<ref name="Pren253">Pendergrast, p. 253</ref> The image was said by Starbucks to be based on a 16th-century "[[Norsemen|Norse]]" [[woodcut]], although other scholars note that it is apparently based on a 15th-century woodcut in [[Juan Eduardo Cirlot]]'s ''Dictionary of Symbols''.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Rastogi|first=Nina Shen|date=February 1, 2011|title=Starbucks Siren's Origins Exposed!|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|url=https://slate.com/culture/2011/02/starbucks-sirens-origins-exposed.html}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Shea|first=Christopher|date=January 31, 2011|title=Medieval Scholar Hot on Trail of Starbucks Logo Cover-Up|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/BL-IMB-1168|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Some scholars have identified the image as [[Melusine]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Rippin |first=Ann |year=2007 |title=Space, place and the colonies: re-reading the Starbucks' story |journal=Critical Perspectives on International Business |publisher=Emerald Group Publishing |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=136–149 |doi=10.1108/17422040710744944 |issn=1742-2043}}</ref> The connection to Melusine has been questioned; Melusine was not linked to heraldic images of two-tailed mermaids until the late 19th century, making it possibly a late misidentification.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Allison |first=Sarah |date=2023 |title=Melusine and the Starbucks' Siren: Art, Mermaids, and the Tangled Origins of a Coffee Chain Logo |journal=Shima |volume=17 |issue=1 |pages=280–288|doi=10.21463/shima.190 |s2cid=258306641 |doi-access=free }}</ref> In the second logo, which was used from 1987 to 1992, the siren's breasts were covered by her flowing hair, but her navel was still visible.<ref>{{cite news|last=Klara|first=Robert|date=September 29, 2014|title=How a Topless Mermaid Made the Starbucks Cup an Icon|work=[[AdWeek]]|url=https://www.adweek.com/brand-marketing/how-topless-mermaid-made-starbucks-cup-icon-160396/|url-access=subscription}}</ref> The fish tail was cropped slightly, and the primary color was changed from brown to green, a nod to the Alma Mater of the three founders, the [[University of San Francisco]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Allison|first=Melissa|date=March 9, 2008|title=Starbucks co-founder talks about early days, launching Redhook and Seattle Weekly|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|url=https://www.seattletimes.com/business/starbucks-co-founder-talks-about-early-days-launching-redhook-and-seattle-weekly-too/}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Larimore|first=Rachael|date=October 24, 2013|title=Starbucks business strategy: How CEO Howard Schultz conquered the world|work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]|url=https://slate.com/business/2013/10/starbucks-business-strategy-how-ceo-howard-schultz-conquered-the-world.html}}</ref> In the third version, used between 1992 and 2011, her navel and breasts are not visible at all, and only vestiges remain of the fish tails. The original "woodcut" logo has been moved to the Starbucks's Headquarters in Seattle.

At the beginning of September 2006, and then again in early 2008, Starbucks temporarily reintroduced its original brown logo on paper hot-drink cups. Starbucks has stated that this was done to show the company's heritage from the Pacific Northwest and to celebrate 35 years of business. The vintage logo sparked some controversy due in part to the siren's bare breasts,<ref>{{cite web|last=Walsh|first=Paul|date=May 16, 2008|title=Group finds Starbucks logo too hot to handle|url=https://www.startribune.com/group-finds-starbucks-logo-too-hot-to-handle/18969709/|work=[[Star Tribune]]}}</ref> but the temporary switch garnered little attention from the media. Starbucks had drawn similar criticism when it reintroduced the vintage logo in 2006.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kiley|first=David|date=April 11, 2008|title=Starbucks' Retro Logo|work=[[Bloomberg News]]|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-04-11/starbucks-retro-logobusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice|url-access=subscription}}</ref> The logo was altered when Starbucks entered the Saudi Arabian market in 2000 to remove the siren, leaving only her crown,<ref>{{cite news|last=King|first=Colbert I.|date=January 26, 2002|title=The Saudi Sellout|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/2002/01/26/the-saudi-sellout/71c3ca17-277b-43e8-9a8c-9d9c9cc1e3d3/}}</ref> as reported in a [[Pulitzer Prize]]-winning column by [[Colbert I. King]] in ''[[The Washington Post]]'' in 2002. The company announced three months later that it would be using the international logo in Saudi Arabia.<ref>{{cite news|last=Hanks|first=Henry|date=February 8, 2016|title=Women welcome at a Saudi Arabia Starbucks shop after temporary ban|work=[[CNN]]|url=https://www.cnn.com/2016/02/07/world/saudi-starbucks-women-ban-feat}}</ref> In January 2011, Starbucks announced that it would make small changes to the company's logo, removing the Starbucks wordmark around the siren, enlarging the siren image, and making it green.<ref name=newlogo/><ref>{{Cite news|last=Baertlein|first=Lisa|date=January 5, 2011|title=Starbucks cuts name and "coffee" from logo|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-starbucks/starbucks-cuts-name-and-coffee-from-logo-idUSTRE7045YF20110106}}</ref>