Editing Somaliland (section)

=== Clan groups ===
[[File:Somalia tribes1977.jpg|thumb|[[Isaaq]] clan-family and other [[Somali clan]]s]]
The [[Gadabuursi|Gadabursi]] subclan of the [[Dir (clan)|Dir]] are the predominant clan of the [[Awdal]] region,<ref name="45ZQY">Samatar, Abdi I. (2001) "Somali Reconstruction and Local Initiative: Amoud University," {{URL|1=http://digitalcommons.macalester.edu/bildhaan/vol1/iss1/9|2=Bildhaan: An International Journal of Somali Studies: Vol. 1, Article 9}}, p. 132.</ref><ref name="GVllJ">{{cite book |last1=Battera |first1=Federico |others=Walter Dostal, Wolfgang Kraus (ed.) |title=Shattering Tradition: Custom, Law and the Individual in the Muslim Mediterranean |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z4AAAwAAQBAJ&q=gadabuursi+awdal&pg=PA296|access-date=18 March 2010 |year=2005 |publisher=I.B. Taurus |location=London |isbn=1-85043-634-7 |page=296 |chapter=Chapter 9: The Collapse of the State and the Resurgence of Customary Law in Northern Somalia |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pos3wAofV4UC&pg=PA278 |quote=Awdal is mainly inhabited by the Gadabuursi confederation of clans.}}</ref> where there is also a sizeable minority of the [[Issa (clan)|Issa]] subclan of the [[Dir (clan)|Dir]] who mainly inhabit the [[Zeila District]].<ref name="Janzen von Vitzthum Somali Studies International Association 2001 p. 132">{{cite book | last1 = Janzen | first1 = J. | last2 = von Vitzthum | first2 = S. | author3 = Somali Studies International Association | title = What are Somalia's Development Perspectives?: Science Between Resignation and Hope?: Proceedings of the 6th SSIA Congress, Berlin 6–9 December 1996 | publisher = Das Arabische Buch | series = Proceedings of the ... SSIA-Congress | year = 2001 | isbn = 978-3-86093-230-8 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=DZJPm2j2iz4C&pg=PA132 | access-date = 20 July 2018 | page = 132 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180720102419/https://books.google.com/books?id=DZJPm2j2iz4C&pg=PA132 | archive-date = 20 July 2018 | url-status = live | df = dmy-all}}</ref>

The [[Habr Awal]] subclan of the [[Isaaq]] form the majority of the population living in both the northern and western portions of the [[Maroodi Jeex]] region, including the cities and towns of northern [[Hargeisa]], [[Berbera]], [[Gabiley]], [[Da'ar buduq|Madheera]], [[Wajaale]], [[Arabsiyo]], [[Bulhar]] and [[Kalabaydh]]. The [[Habr Awal]] also have a strong presence in the [[Sahil, Somaliland|Saaxil]] region as well, principally around the city of [[Berbera]] and the town of [[Sheikh, Somalia|Sheikh]].

The [[Arap]] subclan of the [[Isaaq]] predominantly live in the southern portion of the [[Maroodi Jeex]] region including the capital city of [[Hargeisa]].<ref name="auto1">{{Cite book|last=Renders, Marleen.|title=Consider Somaliland: state-building with traditional leaders and institutions|date=2012|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-22254-0|location=Leiden|page=xxi|oclc=775301944}}</ref> Additionally, they form the majority of communities living in the [[Hawd Region|Hawd]] region including [[Baligubadle]].<ref name="auto1"/> The Arap are also well represented in [[Sahil, Somaliland|Sahil]] and [[Togdheer]] regions.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hF5fvwEACAAJ|title=Somaliland: The Strains of Success|date=2015|publisher=International Crisis Group|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last1=Ghani|first1=Mohamed Hassan|last2=Abdi|first2=Suad Ibrahim|last3=Duale|first3=Ali Ege|last4=Hersi|first4=Mohamed Farah|date=30 November 2010|title=Democracy in Somaliland: Challenges and Opportunities|url=https://www.africaportal.org/documents/17687/Democracy-In-Somaliland.pdf|access-date=10 July 2020|website=Academy of Peace and Development|page=76|archive-date=26 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126053345/https://www.africaportal.org/documents/17687/Democracy-In-Somaliland.pdf}}</ref>

The [[Garhajis]] subclan of the [[Isaaq]] have a sizeable presence among the population inhabiting the southern and eastern portions of [[Maroodi Jeex]] region including Southern [[Hargeisa]] and [[Salahlay]]. The [[Garhajis]] are also represented well in western [[Togdheer]] region, mainly in [[Oodweyne]] and [[Burao]], as well as [[Sheikh, Somaliland|Sheekh]] and [[Berbera]] in [[Sahil, Somaliland|Sahil]] region. The [[Garhajis]] also have a significant presence in the western and central areas of [[Sanaag]] region as well, including the regional capital [[Erigavo]] as well as [[Maydh]].<ref name="yxjjR">{{Cite news|url=http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=search&docid=3ae6a5bf0&skip=0&query=Erigavo%20clans&coi=SOM|title=Refworld {{!}} Report on the Fact-finding Mission to Somalia and Kenya (27 October – 7 November 1997)|last=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|work=Refworld|access-date=17 November 2017|language=en}}</ref>

The [[Habr Je'lo]] subclan of the [[Isaaq]] have a large presence in the western parts of [[Sool]], eastern [[Togdheer]] region and western [[Sanaag]] as well,<ref name="CvJ2E">{{cite web |author=Barakat, Connolly, Hardman, Lewis, Lineker, Menkhaus, Rzeszut and Shanks |date=2014 |publisher=[[UNICEF]] |url=https://www.york.ac.uk/media/prdu/documents/publications/Beyond%20Fragility-a%20conflict%20and%20education%20analysis%20of%20the%20Somali%20context.pdf |title=Beyond Fragility: A Conflict and Education Analysis of the Somali Context |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180830073753/https://www.york.ac.uk/media/prdu/documents/publications/Beyond%20Fragility-a%20conflict%20and%20education%20analysis%20of%20the%20Somali%20context.pdf |archive-date=30 August 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Habr Je'lo]] form a majority of the population living in [[Burao]] as well as in the [[Togdheer]] region, western [[Sanaag]], including the towns of [[Garadag]], [[Xiis]] and [[Ceel Afweyn]] and the [[Aynabo District]] in [[Sool]]. The clan also has a significant presence in the [[Sahil, Somaliland|Sahil]] region, particularly in the towns of [[Karin, Sahil|Karin]] and [[El-Darad]], and also inhabit the regional capital [[Berbera]].<ref name="7vuNz">{{cite report |title=EASO Country of Origin Information Report: Somalia Security Situation |date=2016 |url=https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1457606427_easo-somalia-security-feb-2016.pdf |publisher=European Asylum Support Office |access-date=24 August 2021 |archive-date=15 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615215650/http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1457606427_easo-somalia-security-feb-2016.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="O2vRa">{{Cite web|date=27 March 2018|title=[Gacan Ku Dhiigle:-] Maayar Ciddin Oo Maleeshiyo Hubeysan U Adeegsaday Beelaha Habar Jeclo Ee Gobolka Saaxil Iyo Dilkii Taliye Caseyr Oo Aaritaankiisii..|url=http://karinnews.net/mobile/articles/24496/Gacan-Ku-Dhiigle-Maayar-Ciddin-Oo-Maleeshiyo-Hubeysan-U-Adeegsaday-Beelaha-Habar-Jeclo-Ee-Gobolka-Saaxil-Iyo-Dilkii-Taliye-Caseyr-Oo-Aaritaankiisii|access-date=27 March 2021|website=karinnews.net|language=English|archive-date=15 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210515024911/https://karinnews.net/mobile/articles/24496/Gacan-Ku-Dhiigle-Maayar-Ciddin-Oo-Maleeshiyo-Hubeysan-U-Adeegsaday-Beelaha-Habar-Jeclo-Ee-Gobolka-Saaxil-Iyo-Dilkii-Taliye-Caseyr-Oo-Aaritaankiisii}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kluijver|first=Robert|title=KYD3 – Politics in Berbera|url=https://robertk.space/somali-studies/kyd3-politics-in-berbera/|access-date=2 January 2022|website=Politics and Art from the Edge|language=en-US}}</ref>

[[File:Somali People.jpg|thumb|Issa man and woman in traditional attire (1844)]]
Eastern [[Sool]] region residents mainly hail from the [[Dhulbahante]], a subdivision of the [[Harti (Darod)|Harti]] confederation of [[Darod]] sub-clans, and are concentrated at majority of [[Sool]] region districts.<ref name="tZpTn">{{cite journal|title=Report on the Fact-finding Mission to Somalia and Kenya|journal=Danish Immigration Service|page=7|url=http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/rwmain?page=search&docid=3ae6a5bf0&skip=0&query=Erigavo%20clans&coi=SOM|access-date=16 November 2017}}</ref> The Dhulbahante clans also settle in the [[Buuhoodle District]] in the [[Togdheer]] region,<ref name="JbXm8">{{cite book|last1=Hoehne|first1=Markus V.|title=Borders & Borderlands as resources in the Horn of Africa|page=113|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fZiSxrTGHMkC&q=buuhoodle+district&pg=PA113|access-date=14 November 2017|isbn=978-1-84701-018-6|year=2010|publisher=Boydell & Brewer }}</ref><ref name="lDf4p">{{cite book|last1=Gebrewold|first1=Belachew|title=Anatomy of Violence: Understanding the systems of conflict and violence in Africa|publisher=Ashgate Publishing Ltd|page=130|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VLPW6RBUshQC&q=sanaag+region+clans&pg=PA130|access-date=14 November 2017|isbn=978-1-4094-9921-3|date=28 March 2013}}</ref> and the southern and eastern parts of [[Erigavo District]] in [[Sanaag]].<ref name="IneasDl7h">{{cite web|title=EASO Country of Origin Information Report Somalia Security Situation|url=https://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1457606427_easo-somalia-security-feb-2016.pdf|access-date=17 November 2017|archive-date=15 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160615215650/http://www.ecoi.net/file_upload/1226_1457606427_easo-somalia-security-feb-2016.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The [[Warsangali]], another Harti Darod sub-clan, live in the eastern parts of [[Sanaag]], with their population being mainly concentrated in [[Las Khorey|Las Qorey]] district.<ref name="IneasDl7h" />