Editing Modafinil (section)

====Substance dependence====
Modafinil was studied for the treatment of [[stimulant dependence]], but the results are mixed and inconclusive.<ref name="pmid32927246"/><ref name="pmid34121988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hersey M, Bacon AK, Bailey LG, Coggiano MA, Newman AH, Leggio L, Tanda G | title = Psychostimulant Use Disorder, an Unmet Therapeutic Goal: Can Modafinil Narrow the Gap? | journal = Frontiers in Neuroscience | volume = 15 | pages = 656475 | date = 2021 | pmid = 34121988 | pmc = 8187604 | doi = 10.3389/fnins.2021.656475 | doi-access = free | title-link = doi }}</ref> Modafinil is not a [[controlled substance]] in some countries, unlike other medications, such as [[bupropion]], which is also used to treat [[Major depressive disorder|depression]] and [[nicotine dependence]].<ref name="pmid32601988">{{cite journal | vauthors = Tardelli VS, Bisaga A, Arcadepani FB, Gerra G, Levin FR, Fidalgo TM | title = Prescription psychostimulants for the treatment of stimulant use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis | journal = Psychopharmacology | location = Berlin | volume = 237 | issue = 8 | pages = 2233–2255 | date = August 2020 | pmid = 32601988 | doi = 10.1007/s00213-020-05563-3 | s2cid = 220150476 }}</ref> The clinical trials that have tested modafinil as a treatment for stimulant abuse have failed to demonstrate its efficacy and the optimal dose and duration of modafinil treatment remain unclear, and modafinil is not a recommended treatment for stimulant abuse.<ref name="pmid32601988"/> 2024 reviews found that modafinil was ineffective for treating individuals with [[amphetamine dependence|amphetamine-type stimulant use disorder]]<ref name="ElkriefSharafiBakouni2024"/> or [[methamphetamine use disorder]]<ref name="pmid39228432">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yates JR |title=Pharmacological Treatments for Methamphetamine Use Disorder: Current Status and Future Targets |journal=Subst Abuse Rehabil |volume=15 |issue= |pages=125–161 |date=2024 |pmid=39228432 |pmc=11370775 |doi=10.2147/SAR.S431273|doi-access=free }}</ref> from these dependencies.<ref name="pmid39228432"/><ref name="ElkriefSharafiBakouni2024">{{cite journal | vauthors = Elkrief L, Sharafi H, Bakouni H, McAnulty C, Bastien G, Dubreucq S, Garel N, Trépanier A, Ziegler D, Jutras-Aswad D | title = Efficacy and Safety of Modafinil for Treatment of Amphetamine-Type Stimulant Use Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials | journal = The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry | date = July 2024 | volume = 69 | issue = 11 | pages = 793–805 | pmid = 39033427 | doi = 10.1177/07067437241262967 | pmc = 11572177 }}</ref>