Editing Galveston, Texas (section)

==Notable people==
Galveston has been home to many important figures in Texas and U.S. history. During the island's earliest history it became the domain of [[Jean Lafitte]], the famed [[pirate]] and American hero of the [[War of 1812]].<ref name="HTOLAFITTE" /> [[Richard Bache Jr. (Texas politician)|Richard Bache, Jr.]] who settled in Galveston in 1842 and represented it in the Senate of the Second Texas Legislature in 1847 and assisted in drawing up the Constitution of 1845 was another.<ref>{{cite web|author=Lura N. Rouse |url=http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fba02 |title=BACHE, RICHARD |work=Handbook of Texas Online |publisher=Tshaonline.org |access-date=August 13, 2010}}</ref> He was also the grandson of [[Benjamin Franklin]], one of the [[Founding Fathers of the United States]] of America and [[Deborah Read]]. In 1886, the [[African-American]] Galveston civil rights leader [[Norris Wright Cuney]] rose to become the head of the [[Texas Republican Party]] and one of the most important [[American South|Southern]] black leaders of the century.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cuney, Norris Wright |work=The Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association |author=Merline Pitre |access-date=October 8, 2009 |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcu20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101221144035/http://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fcu20 |archive-date=December 21, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

British playwright and actor [[Charles Francis Coghlan]] died in Galveston in 1899 while touring with his theatre company<ref>Charles Coghlan is Dead - New York Times 28 November 1899;  pg. 7;</ref> and was initially entombed there until his body was washed out to sea in the 1900 hurricane.<ref>Charles Coghian's Body Missing. -  New York Times - September 25, 1900; pg. 2;</ref> Portrait and landscape artist [[Verner Moore White]] moved from Galveston the day before the 1900 hurricane. While he survived, his studio and much of his portfolio were destroyed.<ref>Baker, James Graham; Southwestern Historical Quarterly Vol CXIII; April 2010</ref> Another survivor of the hurricane was the [[Hollywood (film industry)|Hollywood]] director [[King Vidor]], who made his directing debut in 1913 with the film ''[[Hurricane in Galveston]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vidor, King Wallis |work=The Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association |access-date=October 8, 2009 |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fvi15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101222326/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fvi15 |archive-date=January 1, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Later [[Jack Johnson (boxer)|Jack Johnson]], nicknamed the "Galveston Giant", became the first black world heavyweight boxing champion.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Johnson, Jack |work=The Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association |access-date=October 8, 2009 |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fjo14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101101161913/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fjo14 |archive-date=November 1, 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

During the first half of the 20th century, [[William Lewis Moody Jr.|William L. Moody Jr.]] established a business empire, which includes [[American National Insurance Company]], a major national insurer, and founded the [[Moody Foundation]], one of the largest charitable organizations in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Moody Foundation |work=The Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association |author=Robert E. Baker |access-date=October 3, 2009 |url=https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/vrm06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110215050133/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/vrm06 |archive-date=February 15, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Sam Maceo]], a nationally known [[organized crime]] boss, with the help of his family, was largely responsible for making Galveston a major U.S. tourist destination from the 1920s to the 1940s.<ref name="hotgalv" /> Grammy-award-winning singer-songwriter [[Barry White]] was born on the island and later moved to Los Angeles.<ref>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/barry-white-36718.html  "Obituary: Barry White", ''The Independent'', October 31, 2013]. Retrieved July 26, 2021</ref>

[[George P. Mitchell]], pioneer of [[hydraulic fracturing]] technology and developer of [[The Woodlands, Texas]], was born and raised in Galveston.<ref>{{cite news|title=George Mitchell still pushes energy conservation: Oilman has worked for conservation since the Arab embargo more than 30 years ago |last=Hays |first=Kristen |date=August 2, 2008 |newspaper=[[Houston Chronicle]] |url=http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/business/5920511.html |publisher=[[Hearst Newspapers]] |access-date=April 30, 2015}}</ref>

[[Anita Martini]], pioneering female sports journalist who was the first woman allowed in a major league locker room for a post-game press conference, was born in Galveston.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bailey |first1=Mike |title=On top of her game |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/17199665 |work=[[The Galveston Daily News]] |date=January 28, 1990 |page=1-C}}</ref> Surfer [[Dorian "Doc" Paskowitz]] was born in Galveston.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forward.com/articles/209116/doc-paskowitz-jewish-surfer-dude-for-ages-dies-at/ |title=Doc Paskowitz, Jewish Surfer Dude for Ages, Dies at 93 |date=November 12, 2014 |work=The Jewish Daily Forward}}</ref>

Professional baseball pitcher [[Sig Jakucki]] made Galveston his home after joining the [[Galveston Buccaneers]] in 1934. He is best remembered for defeating the [[New York Yankees]] in the final game of the 1944 MLB season, giving the [[St. Louis Browns]] their only pennant.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wolf |first=Gregory H. |url=https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/sig-jakucki/ |title=Sig Jakucki |work=SABR |access-date=October 1, 2021 |archive-date=October 1, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211001203808/https://sabr.org/bioproj/person/sig-jakucki/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
[[Terran Petteway]], a basketball player in the [[Israeli Basketball Premier League]], was born in Galveston.

More recently [[Tilman J. Fertitta]], part of the Maceo bloodline, established the Landry's Restaurants corporation, which owns numerous restaurants and entertainment venues in Texas and Nevada.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Tilman J. Fertitta |work=Forbes |access-date=October 8, 2009 |url=https://people.forbes.com/profile/tilman-j-fertitta/48514 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090925163501/http://people.forbes.com/profile/tilman-j-fertitta/48514 | archive-date=September 25, 2009 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

[[Kay Bailey Hutchison]] was the senior [[United States Senate|senator]] from Texas and the first female Texas senator.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hutchison, Kathyrn Ann Bailey (Kay) – Biographical Information |work=Biographical Directory of the United States Congress |access-date=October 8, 2009 |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=h001016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007114454/http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H001016 |archive-date=October 7, 2011 |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Gilbert Pena]], former Republican member of the [[Texas House of Representatives]] from [[Pasadena, Texas|Pasadena]], was born in Galveston in 1949 and lived there in early childhood.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.takeback144.com/meet-gilbert/ |title=Meet Gilbert Pena |publisher=Take Back House District 144 |access-date=December 10, 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141220090656/http://www.takeback144.com/meet-gilbert/ |archive-date=December 20, 2014 }}</ref>

[[Jonathan Pollard]], who spied for [[Israel]] and was convicted in the US and sentenced to life in jail, was born in Galveston.<ref name="Trahair2004">{{cite book|author=R. C. S. Trahair |title=Encyclopedia of Cold War Espionage, Spies, and Secret Operations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tFJLIIGVk10C&pg=PA267 |access-date=April 10, 2012 |year=2004 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-31955-6 |pages=267–268 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103193033/http://books.google.com/books?id=tFJLIIGVk10C&pg=PA267 |archive-date=November 3, 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> The film and television actor [[Lee Patterson]], a native of [[Vancouver, British Columbia]], lived in Galveston and died there in 2007.<ref>''[[Soap Opera Digest]]'', Vol. 32, No. 44, 30 October 2007, page 17.</ref>

Other notable people include [[Brandon Backe]], a former [[Major League Baseball]] pitcher for the [[Tampa Bay Rays|Tampa Bay Devil Rays]] and [[Houston Astros]] who played in the [[2005 World Series]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.baseball-reference.com/players/b/backebr01.shtml |title=Brandon Backe stats |work=[[Baseball-Reference.com]] |accessdate=January 3, 2022}}</ref> [[Matt Carpenter (baseball)|Matt Carpenter]] of the [[St. Louis Cardinals]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=572761#gameType='R'&sectionType=career&statType=1&season=2013&level='ALL' |title=''MLB Player Stats'' (Matt Carpenter) |access-date=August 23, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150412164744/http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player.jsp?player_id=572761#gameType='R'&sectionType=career&statType=1&season=2013&level='ALL' |archive-date=April 12, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Mike Evans (wide receiver)|Mike Evans]], wide receiver for the [[Tampa Bay Buccaneers]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Williams |first=Brandon C. |date=May 9, 2014 |title=Ball's Mike Evans drafted by Tampa Bay |url=http://www.galvnews.com/sports/free/article_fb939234-d715-11e3-9745-0017a43b2370.html |access-date=April 12, 2018 |website=The Daily News |language=en}}</ref> 1998 [[Heisman Trophy]] runner-up and pro quarterback [[Michael Bishop (gridiron football)|Michael Bishop]], Pittsburgh Steelers great [[Casey Hampton]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Casey Hampton Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/H/HampCa00.htm |access-date=December 29, 2023 |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref> comedian [[Bill Engvall]],<ref>{{cite book|last=Whitburn |first=Joel |title=Hot Country Songs 1944 to 2017 |publisher=Record Research, Inc. |year=2017 |page=120 |isbn=978-0-89820-229-8}}</ref> actresses [[Valerie Perrine]]{{citation needed|date=August 2023}} and [[Katherine Helmond]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/84405%7C0/katherine-helmond#biography |title=Katherine Helmond Biography |website=[[Turner Classic Movies]] |access-date=December 9, 2018}}</ref> painter [[Ethel Fisher]],<ref>[[Harry Schneiderman|Schneiderman, Harry]] and Itzhak J. Carmin (eds). [https://books.google.com/books?id=zXNqAAAAMAAJ ''Who's Who in World Jewry, Volume 2''], New York: Pitman Publishing Corporation, 1965, p. 524–5.</ref> [[Tina Knowles]] fashion designer and creator of [[House of Deréon]], mother of [[Beyoncé]] and [[Solange Knowles]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.texasmonthly.com/story/beyonce-its-family-affair?fullpage=1 |title=It's a Family Affair |work=Texas Monthly |first=Michael |last=Hall |date=April 2004 |issn=0148-7736 |access-date=September 7, 2014 |archive-date=March 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160325120146/http://www.texasmonthly.com/articles/its-a-family-affair/ |url-status=live |quote=She was born Celestine Beyoncé in Galveston in 1954.}}</ref> and Grammy award-winning R&B and Jazz legend [[Esther Phillips]], was born in Galveston in 1935.<ref>Freeland, David (2001). ''Ladies of Soul''. University Press of Mississippi. p. xxiii. {{ISBN|1-57806-331-0}}.</ref>