Editing Eating disorder (section)

== Epidemiology ==
It is a [[common misconception]] that eating disorders are restricted only to women, and this may have skewed research disproportionately to study female populations.<ref>{{cite book |vauthors=El Hayek R, Sfeir M, AlMutairi MS, Alqadheeb B, El Hayek S |year=2024 |pages=347–372|chapter=Chapter 16: Myths about diet and mental health |veditors=Mohamed W, Kobeissy F |title=Nutrition and Psychiatric Disorders |publisher=Springer |doi=10.1007/978-981-97-2681-3_16}}</ref> In the [[developed world]], binge eating disorder affects about 1.6% of women and 0.8% of men in a given year.<ref name=DSM5/> Anorexia affects about 0.4% and bulimia affects about 1.3% of young women in a given year.<ref name=DSM5/> Up to 4% of women have anorexia, 2% have bulimia, and 2% have binge eating disorder at some point in time.<ref name=Sm2013/> Anorexia and bulimia occur nearly ten times more often in females than males.<ref name=DSM5/> Typically, they begin in late childhood or early adulthood.<ref name=NIH2015/> Rates of other eating disorders are not clear.<ref name=DSM5 /> Rates of eating disorders appear to be lower in less developed countries.<ref name=Pike2014/>

In the United States, twenty million women and ten million men have an eating disorder at least once in their lifetime.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/health-consequences-eating-disorders |title=Health Consequences of Eating Disorders |date=2017-02-21 |publisher=National Eating Disorder Association |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127230414/http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/health-consequences-eating-disorders |archive-date=2015-11-27 |access-date=2016-01-08}}</ref>

=== Anorexia ===
Rates of anorexia in the general population among women aged 11 to 65 ranges from 0 to 2.2% and around 0.3% among men.<ref name=":4">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roux H, Chapelon E, Godart N |title=[Epidemiology of anorexia nervosa: a review] |journal=L'Encephale |volume=39 |issue=2 |pages=85–93 |date=April 2013 |pmid=23095584 |doi=10.1016/j.encep.2012.06.001}}</ref> The incidence of female cases is low in general medicine or specialized consultation in town, ranging from 4.2 and 8.3/100,000 individuals per year.<ref name=":4" /> The incidence of AN ranges from 109 to 270/100,000 individuals per year.<ref name=":4" /> Mortality varies according to the population considered.<ref name=":4" /> AN has one of the highest mortality rates among mental illnesses.<ref name=":4" /> The rates observed are 6.2 to 10.6 times greater than that observed in the general population for follow-up periods ranging from 13 to 10 years.<ref name=":4" /> Standardized mortality ratios for anorexia vary from 1.36% to 20%.<ref name=":10">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jáuregui-Garrido B, Jáuregui-Lobera I |title=Sudden death in eating disorders |journal=Vascular Health and Risk Management |volume=8 |pages=91–8 |date=2012 |pmid=22393299 |pmc=3292410 |doi=10.2147/VHRM.S28652 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

=== Bulimia ===
Bulimia affects females 9 times more often than males.<ref name="SectionD">Section D - Eating disorders. (2015, November 27). Retrieved from https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-619-m/2012004/sections/sectiond-eng.htm.</ref> Approximately one to three percent women develop bulimia in their lifetime.<ref name="SectionD" /> About 2% to 3% of women are currently affected in the United States.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Rushing JM, Jones LE, Carney CP |title=Bulimia Nervosa: A Primary Care Review |journal=Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry |volume=5 |issue=5 |pages=217–224 |date=October 2003 |pmid=15213788 |pmc=419300 |doi=10.4088/pcc.v05n0505}}</ref> New cases occur in about 12 per 100,000 population per year.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Hoek HW, van Hoeken D |title=Review of the prevalence and incidence of eating disorders |journal=The International Journal of Eating Disorders |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=383–96 |date=December 2003 |pmid=14566926 |doi=10.1002/eat.10222}}</ref> The standardized mortality ratios for bulimia is 1% to 3%.<ref name=":10" />

=== Binge eating disorder ===
Reported rates vary from 1.3 to 30% among subjects seeking weight-loss treatment.<ref name="Dingemans">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dingemans AE, Bruna MJ, van Furth EF |title=Binge eating disorder: a review |journal=International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=299–307 |date=March 2002 |pmid=11896484 |doi=10.1038/sj.ijo.0801949 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Based on surveys, BED appears to affect about 1-2% at some point in their life, with 0.1-1% of people affected in a given year.<ref name="Agh">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ágh T, Kovács G, Pawaskar M, Supina D, Inotai A, Vokó Z |title=Epidemiology, health-related quality of life and economic burden of binge eating disorder: a systematic literature review |journal=Eating and Weight Disorders |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |date=March 2015 |pmid=25571885 |pmc=4349998 |doi=10.1007/s40519-014-0173-9}}</ref> BED is more common among females than males.<ref name="Dingemans" /> There have been no published studies investigating the effects of BED on mortality, although it is comorbid with disorders that are known to increase mortality risks.<ref name="Agh" />