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== Veterinary medicine == Aspirin is sometimes used in veterinary medicine as an [[anticoagulant]] or to [[analgesic|relieve pain]] associated with musculoskeletal inflammation or [[osteoarthritis]]. Aspirin should be given to animals only under the direct supervision of a [[veterinarian]], as adverse effects—including gastrointestinal issues—are common. An aspirin overdose in any species may result in [[salicylate poisoning]], characterized by hemorrhaging, seizures, coma, and even death.<ref name="Edwards-2016">{{cite web|url=http://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/anti-inflammatory-agents/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs#v3337669|title=Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Aspirin |vauthors = Edwards SH |work=Merck Veterinary Manual|access-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218082147/http://www.merckvetmanual.com/pharmacology/anti-inflammatory-agents/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs#v3337669|archive-date=18 December 2016|url-status=dead }}</ref> Dogs are better able to tolerate aspirin than cats are.<ref name="Merck" /> Cats metabolize aspirin slowly because they lack the [[glucuronide]] conjugates that aid in the excretion of aspirin, making it potentially toxic if dosing is not spaced out properly.<ref name="Edwards-2016" /><ref>{{cite book|title=Feline internal medicine secrets|publisher=Hanley & Belfus|year=2001|isbn=978-1-56053-461-7 |veditors = Lappin MR |location=Philadelphia|page=160}}</ref> No clinical signs of toxicosis occurred when cats were given 25{{nbsp}}mg/kg of aspirin every 48 hours for 4 weeks,<ref name="Merck">{{cite web|url=http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/toxicology/toxicities_from_human_drugs/analgesics_toxicity.html|title=Analgesics (toxicity) |publisher=Merck|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150411095033/http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/toxicology/toxicities_from_human_drugs/analgesics_toxicity.html |archive-date=11 April 2015 |url-status=live|access-date=19 January 2018}}</ref> but the recommended dose for relief of pain and fever and for treating [[thrombophilia|blood clotting diseases]] in cats is 10{{nbsp}}mg/kg every 48 hours to allow for metabolization.<ref name="Edwards-2016" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/toxcat/toxcat.html|title=Plants poisonous to livestock|publisher=Cornell University Department of Animal Science|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150816192109/http://www.ansci.cornell.edu/plants/toxcat/toxcat.html|archive-date=16 August 2015|url-status=live|access-date=3 March 2016}}</ref>
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