Editing Tourism (section)

=== Security in Tourism ===
Security in Tourism is a sub-discipline of tourist studies that explores the factors that affect the ontological security of tourists. Risks are evaluated by their impact and nature.<ref>Mansfeld, Y., & Pizam, A. (Eds.). (2006). Tourism, security and safety. Routledge.</ref> Tourism security includes methodologies, theories and techniques oriented to protect the organic image of tourist destinations.<ref>Tarlow, P. (2014). Tourism security: strategies for effectively managing travel risk and safety. Elsevier.</ref> Three academic waves are significant in tourism security: risk perception theory, disaster management, and post-disaster consumption.<ref>Vanessa GB Gowreesunkar et al. 2020. Tourism Destination Management in a Post-Pandemic Context: Global Issues and Destination Management Solutions, Emerald</ref>

Andrew Spencer & Peter Tarlow argue that tourism security is not an easy concept to define. It includes a set of sub-disciplines, and global risks different in nature which cause different effects in the tourism industry. The rise of tourism security and safety as a consolidated discipline coincides with the globalization and ultimate maturation of the industry worldwide. Some threats include, for example, terrorist groups looking to destabilize governments affecting not only the local economies but killing foreign tourists to cause geopolitical tensions between delivery-country and receiving-tourist countries. Today, island destinations are more affected by terrorism and other global risks than other continent destinations <ref>{{Cite book|date=2014|title=Tourism Security|url=https://doi.org/10.1016/C2012-0-06812-3|doi=10.1016/c2012-0-06812-3|isbn=9780124115705}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|last1=Spencer|first1=Andrew|title=Introduction|date=2021-02-22|url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/978-1-80071-318-520211003/full/html|work=Tourism Safety and Security for the Caribbean|pages=1–14|publisher=Emerald Publishing Limited|doi=10.1108/978-1-80071-318-520211003|isbn=978-1-80071-319-2|access-date=2021-11-30|last2=Tarlow|first2=Peter|s2cid=240831742}}</ref>