Editing Tamil Nadu (section)

===Roads===
[[File:Highway Network of Tamil Nadu.png|thumb|Highways network of Tamil Nadu]]
{{Main|Road network in Tamil Nadu}}
Tamil Nadu has an extensive road network covering about 271,000&nbsp;km as of 2023 with a road density of {{convert|2084.71|km}} per 1000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> which is higher than the national average of {{convert|1926.02|km}} per 1000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name="Policy">{{cite report|title=Highway policy|url=https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/pdf/hw_e_pn_2023_24.pdf|publisher=[[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]], [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=15 July 2023|archive-date=16 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616204832/https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/pdf/hw_e_pn_2023_24.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]] (HD) of the state was established in April 1946 and is responsible for construction and maintenance of [[List of National Highways in India#Tamil Nadu|national highways]], state highways, major district roads and other roads in the state.<ref name="TNGov">{{cite report|url= http://www.tn.gov.in/gorders/par/par_e_202_2008.pdf|title= Highways Department renamed as Highways and Minor Ports Department|publisher= [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date= 15 July 2010|archive-date= 31 March 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120331122821/http://www.tn.gov.in/gorders/par/par_e_202_2008.pdf|url-status= live}}</ref> It operates through eleven wings with 120 divisions and maintains {{convert|73187|km}} of highways in the state.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/organization|title=Wings of Highways Department|publisher=[[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]], [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=15 July 2023|archive-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601220752/https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/organization|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="HW">{{cite web|url=https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/aboutus|title=Tamil Nadu highways, about us|publisher=[[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]], [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=15 July 2023|archive-date=1 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230601225355/https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/aboutus|url-status=live}}</ref>

{|class="sortable wikitable" style="text-align:center;" style="font-size: 100%"
|+Road length in TN<ref name="HW"/>
!Type
!{{tooltip|NH|National Highways}}
!{{tooltip|SH|State Highways}}
!{{tooltip|MDR|Major District Roads}}
!{{tooltip|ODR|Other District Roads}}
!{{tooltip|OR|Other Roads}}
!'''Total'''
|-
|Length (km)
|6,805
|12,291
|12,034
|42,057
|197,542
|'''271,000'''
|}

[[File:Kathipara.jpg|thumb|[[Kathipara Junction|Kathipara]] [[cloverleaf interchange|interchange]] in Chennai]]

There are 48 National Highways in Tamil Nadu, totaling {{convert|6805|km}} in length. The National Highways Wing of the state highways department, established in 1971, is responsible for the maintenance of National Highways, as laid down by [[National Highways Authority of India]] (NHAI).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/nationalhighway|title=National Highways wing|publisher=[[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]], [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=2 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202061432/https://www.tnhighways.tn.gov.in/en/nationalhighway|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite report|url=https://morth.nic.in/sites/default/files/Details-of-National-Highways-as-on-31.03_1.pdf|title=Details of national highways|publisher=[[Government of India]]|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201228091514/https://morth.nic.in/sites/default/files/Details-of-National-Highways-as-on-31.03_1.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> There are also [[List of state highways in Tamil Nadu|state highways]], totalling {{convert|6805|km}} long, which connect [[district]] headquarters, important towns and national highways in the state.<ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.tnhighwaysengineers.com/upload/phone-directory.pdf|title=Highways Circle of Highways Department, Tamil Nadu|publisher=[[Department of Highways and Minor Ports (Tamil Nadu)|Highways Department]], [[Government of Tamil Nadu]]|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=2 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231202064513/https://www.tnhighwaysengineers.com/upload/phone-directory.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="HW"/> As of 2020, 32,598 buses are operated with the state transport units operating 20,946 buses along with 7,596 private buses and 4,056 mini buses.<ref name="TNSTC"/> [[Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation]] (TNSTC), established in 1947 when private buses operating in [[Madras presidency]] were nationalized, is the primary [[public transport]] bus operator in the state.<ref name="TNSTC">{{cite report|url=https://www.tnstc.in/innerHtmls/pdf/Tamil%20Nadu%20STUs-pages.pdf|title=Tamil Nadu STUs|publisher=TNSTC|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=31 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331121802/https://www.tnstc.in/innerHtmls/pdf/Tamil%20Nadu%20STUs-pages.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> It operates buses along intra and inter state bus routes, as well as city routes with eight divisions including the [[State Express Transport Corporation (Tamil Nadu)|State Express Transport Corporation Limited]] (SETC) which runs long-distance express services. Metropolitan Transport Corporation in Chennai and State Express Transport Corporation.<ref name="TNSTC"/><ref>{{cite report|url=https://www.tnstc.in/innerHtmls/pdf/History-of-SETC.pdf|title=History of SETC|publisher=TNSTC|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=23 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223095101/https://www.tnstc.in/innerHtmls/pdf/History-of-SETC.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2020, Tamil Nadu had 32.1 million registered vehicles.<ref name="RV">{{cite report|url=https://www.statista.com/statistics/665693/total-number-of-vehicles-in-tamil-nadu-india/|title=Number of registered motor vehicles across Tamil Nadu in India from financial year 2007 to 2020|publisher=statista|access-date=1 November 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212204327/https://www.statista.com/statistics/665693/total-number-of-vehicles-in-tamil-nadu-india/|url-status=live}}</ref>