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===Cuisine=== {{main|Icelandic cuisine|Þorramatur}} [[File:Thorramatur.jpg|thumb|right|A typical [[Þorramatur]] assortment]] Much of Iceland's cuisine is based on fish, [[lamb and mutton|lamb]], and [[dairy product]]s, with little to no use of herbs or spices. Due to the island's climate, fruits and vegetables are not generally a component of traditional dishes, although the use of greenhouses has made them more common in contemporary food. [[Þorramatur]] is a selection of traditional cuisine consisting of many dishes and is usually consumed around the month of [[Month#Germanic calendar|Þorri]], which begins on the first Friday after 19 January. Traditional dishes also include [[skyr]] (a yogurt-like cheese), [[hákarl]] (cured shark), cured ram, singed sheep heads, and [[black pudding]], Flatkaka (flatbread), dried fish and dark rye bread traditionally baked in the ground in geothermal areas.<ref name="Icelandic delicacies">{{cite web|last1=Thorkelsdottir|first1=Nina|title=The ultimate guide to Icelandic delicacies, part one|url=https://www.travelade.com/iceland/stories/the-ultimate-guide-to-icelandic-delicacies-part-one/|website=Travelade|publisher=Nina Thorkelsdottir|access-date=18 April 2017|archive-date=19 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419104928/https://www.travelade.com/iceland/stories/the-ultimate-guide-to-icelandic-delicacies-part-one/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Puffin]] is considered a local delicacy that is often prepared through broiling. Breakfast usually consists of pancakes, cereal, fruit, and coffee, while lunch may take the form of a [[smörgåsbord]]. The main meal of the day for most Icelanders is dinner, which usually involves fish or lamb as the main course. Seafood is central to most Icelandic cooking, particularly [[cod]] and [[haddock]] but also [[salmon]], [[herring]], and [[halibut]]. It is often prepared in a wide variety of ways, either smoked, pickled, boiled, or dried. Lamb is by far the most common meat, and it tends to be either smoke-cured (known as ''[[hangikjöt]]'') or salt-preserved (''saltkjöt''). Many older dishes make use of every part of the sheep, such as ''[[slátur]]'', which consists of [[offal]] (internal organs and entrails) minced together with blood and served in sheep stomach. Additionally, boiled or mashed potatoes, pickled cabbage, green beans, and rye bread are prevalent side dishes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=2216|website=Vísindavefurinn|title=Hvar og hvenær var fyrsta kartaflan ræktuð á Íslandi?|author=Valgerður G. Johnsen|date=2002-03-20|access-date=2022-03-28|language=is|archive-date=28 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220328224957/https://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=2216|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/444146/|title=Seytt rúgbrauð|work=Morgunblaðið|date=1999-01-19|access-date=2022-03-28|language=is|archive-date=13 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213173942/https://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/444146/|url-status=live}}</ref> Coffee is a popular beverage in Iceland, with the country being third placed by per capita consumption worldwide in 2016,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43742686 |title=Coffee: Who grows, drinks and pays the most? |last=Jones |first=Lora |date=13 April 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=13 May 2018 |language=en-GB |archive-date=13 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180613115037/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43742686 |url-status=live }}</ref> and is drunk at breakfast, after meals, and with a light snack in mid-afternoon. [[Coca-Cola]] is also widely consumed, to the extent that the country is said to have one of the highest per capita consumption rates in the world.<ref>[[#Wilcox|Wilcox and Latif]], p. 126</ref> Iceland's signature alcoholic beverage is ''[[brennivín]]'' (literally "burnt [i.e., distilled] wine"), which is similar in flavouring to the [[akvavit]] variant of Scandinavian [[brännvin]]. It is a type of [[schnapps]] made from distilled potatoes and flavoured with either [[caraway]] seeds or [[angelica]]. Its potency<!-- in combination with the fact that it had a white scull on the black label, as a warning, according to the wp article, but that needs sources --> has earned it the nickname ''svarti dauði'' ("Black Death"). Modern distilleries on Iceland produce [[vodka]] ([[Reyka]]), [[gin]] (Ísafold), [[moss]] schnapps (Fjallagrasa), and a [[birch]]-flavoured schnapps and [[liqueur]] (Foss Distillery's Birkir and Björk). Martin Miller blends Icelandic water with its England-distilled gin on the island. Strong beer was [[Prohibition in Iceland|banned until 1989]], so ''bjórlíki'', a mixture of legal, low-alcohol [[pilsner]] beer and vodka, became popular. Several strong beers are now made by Icelandic breweries.
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