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===Bibliography=== {{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}} * {{Cite book|last=Anthony|first=David W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0FDqf415wqgC|title=The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World|year=2007|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-3110-4|author-link=David W. 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Archäologische, philologische und geschichtswissenschaftliche Beiträge aus 150 Jahren |editor-last1=Brather |editor-first1=Sebastian |editor-last2=Heizmann |editor-first2=Wilhelm |editor-last3=Patzold |editor-first3=Steffen |publisher=de Gruyter |year=2021 |pages=1–36 |doi=10.1515/9783110563061-001|s2cid=233770774 }} * {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Bulitta |first1=Brigitte |last2=Springer |first2=Matthias |orig-year=2000 |display-authors=etal |article=Kriegswesen |encyclopedia=Germanische Altertumskunde Online |year=2010 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_3111/html |publisher=de Gruyter |pages=667–746 |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 August 2021 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121418/https://www.degruyter.com/database/GAO/entry/RGA_3111/html |url-status=live }} * {{cite book | last=Burns | first=Thomas | year=2003 | title=Rome and the Barbarians, 100 B.C.–A.D. 400 | place=Baltimore, MD | publisher=Johns Hopkins 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Change|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8DhXkbiOEUkC|editor1-last=Kremmydas|editor1-first=Christos|editor2-last=Tempest|editor2-first=Kathryn|year=2013|place=Oxford and New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-965431-4|access-date=25 July 2021|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121417/https://books.google.com/books?id=8DhXkbiOEUkC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book|last=Cusack |first=Carole M. |title=Conversion among the Germanic Peoples |publisher=Cassell |year=1998}} * {{cite book| last=Derry | first=T.K. | year=2012 | title=A History of Scandinavia: Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland | place=Minneapolis and London|publisher= University of Minnesota Press |isbn= 978-0-8166-3799-7}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Dilcher |first=Gerhard |title=Germanisches Recht |encyclopedia=Handwörterbuch zur deutschen Rechtsgeschichte |edition=2nd |volume=2 |year=2011 |pages=241–252}} * {{citation|last1=Donecker |first1=Stefan |chapter=Re-inventing the 'Germanic' in the Early Modern Era: ''Omnes Germani sunt, contra fabulas quorundam''| title= Interrogating the 'Germanic' |editor1-first= Matthias |editor1-last=Friedrich |editor2-first=James M. | editor2-last=Harland |publisher=De Gruyter |year= 2020 |pages=67–84 |doi=10.1515/9783110701623-003|s2cid=241474332 }} *{{cite book |author-last1=Dusil |author-first1=Stephan |author-last2=Kannowski |author-first2=Bernd |author-last3=Schwedler |author-first3=Gerald |chapter= Chapter 2 Early Middle Ages (500–1100) |title= A Companion to Western Legal Traditions: From Antiquity to the Twentieth Century |editor-last1=Masferrer |editor-first1=Aniceto |editor-last2=van Rhee |editor-first2=C.H. |editor-last3=Donlan |editor-first3=Seán |editor-last4=Heesters |editor-first4=Cornelis |publisher=Brill |year=2023 |pages=77–160 |doi=10.1163/9789004687257_004}} * {{cite book|last=Düwel |first=Klaus |chapter=Runic |title=Early Germanic Literature and Culture |editor-last1=Murdoch |editor-first1=Brian |editor-last2=Read |editor-first2=Malcolm |publisher=Camden House |year=2004 |pages=121–148}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Düwel |first=Klaus |article=Arianische Kirchen |orig-year=1973 |encyclopedia=Germanische Altertumskunde Online |year=2010a |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_275/html |pages=801–807 |title=Archived copy |access-date=27 July 2021 |archive-date=17 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817150957/https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_275/html |url-status=live }} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Düwel |first=Klaus |article=Runen und Runendenkmäler |orig-year=2003 |encyclopedia=Germanische Altertumskunde Online |year=2010b |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_4785/html |pages=997–1024 |title=Archived copy |access-date=23 August 2021 |archive-date=23 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121434/https://www.degruyter.com/database/GAO/entry/RGA_4785/html |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book|last=Fortson|first=Benjamin W.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bSxHgej4tKMC|title=Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction|year=2004|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-4443-5968-8|edition=2011|author-link=Benjamin W. Fortson IV|access-date=25 August 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121418/https://books.google.com/books?id=bSxHgej4tKMC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book | last=Geary | first=Patrick J. | year=1999 | title=Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World | chapter=Barbarians and Ethnicity | editor=G.W. Bowersock | editor2=Peter Brown | editor3=Oleg Grabar | location=Cambridge, Massachusetts | publisher=The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press | isbn=978-0-674-51173-6 | chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/lateantiquitygui00bowe | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/lateantiquitygui00bowe }} * {{cite journal |last=Ghosh |first=Shami |author-link=Shami Ghosh |title=On the origins of Germanic heroic poetry: a case study of the legend of the Burgundians |journal=Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur |year=2007 |volume=129 |issue=2 |pages=220–252 |doi=10.1515/BGSL.2007.220 |s2cid=161148492 |url=https://www.academia.edu/7848981 |access-date=28 July 2021 |archive-date=28 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210728182627/https://www.academia.edu/7848981 |url-status=live }} * {{cite book | last=Ghosh | first=Shami | year=2016 | title=Writing the Barbarian Past: Studies in Early Medieval Historical Narrative | publisher=Brill | isbn=978-9-00430-522-9}} * {{citation|last1=Goering |first1=Nelson |chapter=(Proto-)Germanic Alliterative Verse: Linguistic Limits on a Cultural Phenomenon | title= Interrogating the 'Germanic' |editor1-first= Matthias |editor1-last=Friedrich |editor2-first=James M. | editor2-last=Harland |publisher=De Gruyter |year= 2020 |pages=241–250 |doi=10.1515/9783110701623-003|s2cid=241474332 }} * {{cite book|last=Goffart|first=Walter|title=Barbarian Tides: The Migration Age and the Later Roman Empire|year=2006|place=Philadelphia|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0-81222-105-3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dM3kdRzztiIC|access-date=30 March 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121417/https://books.google.com/books?id=dM3kdRzztiIC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book | last=Goldsworthy | first=Adrian | title=Caesar: Life of a Colossus | year=2006 | place=New Haven and London | publisher=Yale University Press | isbn=978-0-300-12048-6}} * {{cite book|last=Goldsworthy|first=Adrian|author-link=Adrian Goldsworthy|chapter='Instinctive Genius': The depiction of Caesar the general|title=Julius Caesar as Artful Reporter: The War Commentaries as Political Instruments|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1v1ODgAAQBAJ|editor1=[[Kathryn Welch]]|editor2=Anton Powell|year=2009|publisher=Classical Press of Wales|isbn=978-1-910589-36-6|access-date=27 July 2021|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121418/https://books.google.com/books?id=1v1ODgAAQBAJ|url-status=live}} * {{cite book | last=Goldsworthy | first=Adrian | title=How Rome Fell | year=2009b | place=New Haven and London | publisher=Yale University Press | isbn=978-0-30013-719-4}} * {{cite book | last=Goldsworthy | first=Adrian | title=In the Name of Rome: The Men Who Won the Roman Empire | year=2016 | place=New Haven and London | publisher=Yale University Press | isbn=978-0-30021-852-7}} * {{Cite book|last=Green|first=Dennis H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RONb2alF0rEC|title=Language and History in the Early Germanic World|year=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-79423-7|edition=2001|author-link=Dennis Howard Green|access-date=23 December 2019|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121418/https://books.google.com/books?id=RONb2alF0rEC|url-status=live}} * {{cite book | last=Gruen | first=Erich S. | year=2006 | chapter=The Expansion of the Empire under Augustus | title=The Cambridge Ancient History | editor1=Alan K. 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Geburtstag |editor-last1=Nahl |editor-first1=Astrid von |editor-last2=Lennart |editor-first2=Elmevik |editor-last3=Brink |editor-first3=Stefan |year=2004 |publisher=de Gruyter |pages=513–534}} * {{cite book|last1=Haymes|first1=Edward R.|last2=Samples|first2=Susan T.|title=Heroic legends of the North: an introduction to the Nibelung and Dietrich cycles|year=1996|publisher=Garland|location=New York|isbn=978-0-8153-0033-5}} * {{cite book | last=Harris | first=William V. | title=War and Imperialism in Republican Rome, 327–70 B.C. | year=1979 | place=Oxford and New York | publisher=Oxford University Press | isbn=978-0-19-814866-1}} * {{cite book |last=Heather |first=Peter |author-link=Peter Heather |title=The Goths |publisher=Blackwell |year=1996}} * {{cite book|last=Heather|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Heather|year=2009|title=Empires and Barbarians: The Fall of Rome and the Birth of Europe|place=Oxford and New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-989226-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ho8sAQAAIAAJ|access-date=25 August 2020|archive-date=23 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230423121419/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ho8sAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}} * {{Cite journal |last=Heyd |first=Volker |year=2017 |title=Kossinna's smile |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/kossinnas-smile/8ABA3BD9132B7605E8871236065CD4E3 |journal=Antiquity |volume=91 |issue=356 |pages=348–359 |doi=10.15184/aqy.2017.21 |hdl=10138/255652 |s2cid=164376362 |issn=0003-598X |hdl-access=free |access-date=22 April 2020 |archive-date=13 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113212023/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/kossinnas-smile/8ABA3BD9132B7605E8871236065CD4E3 |url-status=live }} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Hultgård |first=Anders |orig-year=2003 |author-link=Anders Hultgård |article=Religion |encyclopedia=Germanische Altertumskunde Online |year=2010 |url=https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_4615/html |pages=859–914 |title=Archived copy |access-date=27 July 2021 |archive-date=18 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210818130039/https://www.degruyter.com/document/database/GAO/entry/RGA_4615/html |url-status=live }} * {{Cite journal|last1=Iversen|first1=Rune|last2=Kroonen|first2=Guus|year=2017|title=Talking Neolithic: Linguistic and Archaeological Perspectives on How Indo-European Was Implemented in Southern Scandinavia|journal=American Journal of Archaeology|volume=121|issue=4|pages=511|doi=10.3764/aja.121.4.0511|jstor=10.3764/aja.121.4.0511|s2cid=4811514|url=https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/184141394/AJA121_04_Iversen.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180719130548/https://curis.ku.dk/ws/files/184141394/AJA121_04_Iversen.pdf|archive-date=19 July 2018|url-status=live}} * {{cite book | last=James | first=Edward |author-link=Edward James| title=Europe's Barbarians, AD 200–600 | year=2014 | location=London and New York | publisher=Routledge | isbn=978-0-58277-296-0}} * {{cite journal |last1=Kaiser |first1=Reinhold |author-link1=:de:Reinhold Kaiser |year=2007 |title=Rezensionen. 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