Editing Frank Zappa (section)

===References in arts and sciences===
[[File:Doberan Zappa-Denkmal3.jpg|thumb|right|upright|Frank Zappa bust by Vaclav Cesak in [[Bad Doberan]], Germany]]
Scientists from various fields have honored Zappa by naming new discoveries after him. In 1967, paleontologist Leo P. Plas Jr., identified an extinct [[mollusc]] in Nevada and named it ''Amaurotoma zappa'' with the motivation that, "The specific name, ''zappa'', honors Frank Zappa".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Plas|first=Leo P. Jr.|title=Upper Wolfcampian (?) Mollusca from the Arrow Canyon Range, Clark County, Nevada|date=March 1972|journal=[[Journal of Paleontology]]|volume=46 |number=2 |pages=249–260 |url=https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/jpaleontol/article/46/2/249/107650/Upper-Wolfcampian-Mollusca-from-the-Arrow-Canyon}}</ref>

In the 1980s, biologist Ed Murdy named a [[genus]] of [[gobiidae|gobiid]] fishes of New Guinea ''Zappa'', with a [[species]] named ''Zappa confluentus''.<ref>{{cite book |last=Murdy|first=E.O.|title=A Taxonomic Revision and Cladistic Analysis of the Oxudercine Gobies (Gobiidae: Oxudercinae)|publisher=Records of the Australian Museum|date=1989|isbn=978-0-7305-6374-7}}</ref> Biologist Ferdinando Boero named a Californian [[jellyfish]] ''Phialella zappai'' (1987), noting that he had "pleasure in naming this species after the modern music composer".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Boero|first=Ferdinando|title=Life cycles of Phialella zappai n. sp., Phialella fragilis and Phialella sp. (Cnidaria, Leptomedusae, Phialellidae) from central California|date=April 1987|journal=Journal of Natural History|volume=21|pages=465–480|doi=10.1080/00222938700771131|issue=2|bibcode=1987JNatH..21..465B }}</ref>

Belgian biologists Bosmans and Bosselaers discovered in the early 1980s a Cameroonese spider, which they in 1994 named ''[[Pachygnatha zappa]]'' because "the ventral side of the abdomen of the female of this species strikingly resembles the artist's legendary moustache".<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bosmans|first1=Robert|last2=Bosselaers|first2=Jan|title=Spiders of the genera ''Pachygnatha'', ''Dyschiriognatha'' and ''Glenognatha'' (Araneae, Tetragnathidae), with a revision of the Afrotropical species|date=October 1995|journal=Zoologica Scripta|volume=23|pages=325–352|doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.1994.tb00392.x|issue=4|s2cid=83546554}}</ref>

A gene of the bacterium ''[[Proteus mirabilis]]'' that causes urinary tract infections was in 1995 named ''zapA'' by three biologists from Maryland. In their scientific article, they "especially thank the late Frank Zappa for inspiration and assistance with genetic nomenclature".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wassif|first1=Christopher|last2=Cheek|first2=Diana|last3=Belas|first3=Robert|title=Molecular Analysis of a Metalloprotease from ''Proteus mirabilis''|date=October 1995|journal=Journal of Bacteriology|volume=177|pages=5790–5798|pmid=7592325|issue=20|pmc=177400|doi=10.1128/jb.177.20.5790-5798.1995}}</ref> Repeating regions of the genome of the human tumor virus [[Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus|KSHV]] were named ''frnk'', ''vnct'' and ''zppa'' in 1996 by [[Yuan Chang]] and [[Patrick S. Moore]] who discovered the virus. Also, a 143 base pair repeat sequence occurring at two positions was named ''waka/jwka''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Nucleotide sequence of the Kaposi sarcoma- associated herpesvirus (HHV8)|last1=Russo|first1=James J.|last2=Bohenzky|first2=Roy A.|last3=Chien|first3=Ming-Cheng|last4=Chen|first4=Jing|last5=Yan|first5=Ming|last6=Maddalena|first6=Dawn|last7=Preston Parry|first7=J.|last8=Peruzzi|first8=Daniela|last9=Edelman|first9=Isidore S.|last10=Chang|first10=Yuan|last11=Moore|first11=Patrick S.|journal=[[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]]|volume=93|date=December 1996|pages=14862–14867|doi=10.1073/pnas.93.25.14862|pmid=8962146|issue=25|pmc=26227|bibcode=1996PNAS...9314862R|doi-access=free}}</ref>
In the late 1990s, American paleontologists Marc Salak and Halard L. Lescinsky discovered a [[animal|metazoan]] fossil, and named it ''Spygori zappania'' to honor "the late Frank Zappa&nbsp;... whose mission paralleled that of the earliest paleontologists: to challenge conventional and traditional beliefs when such beliefs lacked roots in logic and reason".<ref>{{cite journal|title=Spygoria zappania New Genus and Species, a Cloudina-like Biohermal Metazoan from the Lower Cambrian of Central Nevada|last1=Salak|first1=Marc|last2=Lescinsky|first2=Halard L.|journal=[[Journal of Paleontology]]|volume=73|issue=4|date=July 1999|pages=571–576|doi=10.1017/s002233600003239x|bibcode=1999JPal...73..571S |s2cid=132540126 }}</ref>

In 1994, lobbying efforts initiated by psychiatrist John Scialli led the [[International Astronomical Union]]'s [[Minor Planet Center]] to name an [[asteroid]] in Zappa's honor: [[3834 Zappafrank]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Seachrist|first=Lisa|title=Space Rock Gets Zappa'd|journal=Science|volume=265|issue=5174|date=August 12, 1994|page=871|doi=10.1126/science.265.5174.871-c |pmid=17782133|bibcode=1994Sci...265..871.}}</ref> The asteroid was discovered in 1980 by Czechoslovakian astronomer [[Ladislav Brožek]], and the citation for its naming says that "Zappa was an eclectic, self-trained artist and composer&nbsp;... Before 1989 he was regarded as a symbol of democracy and freedom by many people in Czechoslovakia".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/special/rocknroll/0003834.html|title=(3834) Zappafrank|publisher=IAU: Minor Planet Center ([[Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory]])|access-date=August 15, 2008}}</ref>
In 1995, a bust of Zappa by sculptor Konstantinas Bogdanas was installed in [[Vilnius]], [[Lithuania]]. The choice of Zappa was explained as "a symbol that would mark the end of communism, but at the same time express that it wasn't always doom and gloom."<ref name="Pompilio"/> A replica was offered to the city of Baltimore in 2008, and on September 19, 2010—the twenty-fifth anniversary of Zappa's testimony to the U.S. Senate—a ceremony dedicating the replica was held, and the bust was unveiled at a library in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2010/09/16/zappa-comes-home/|title=Zappa comes home|last=The Baltimore Sun|date=September 16, 2010|work=The Baltimore Sun|access-date=September 19, 2010|archive-date=March 6, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110306091117/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-09-16/entertainment/bs-ae-zappa-cover-0917-20100916_1_gail-zappa-southeast-anchor-library-lithuania|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/2010/09/16/zappa-looza-a-full-guide-to-the-weekends-events/|title=Zappa-looza: A full guide to the weekend's events|last=The Baltimore Sun|date=September 16, 2010|work=The Baltimore Sun|access-date=September 19, 2010|archive-date=January 2, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110102145706/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2010-09-16/news/bs-ae-zappa-rail-0917-2-20100916_1_southeast-anchor-library-zappa-plays-zappa-zappa-related|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Frank-Zappa-Straße in Berlin.jpg|thumb|right|Frank-Zappa-Straße in Berlin]]
In 2002, a bronze bust was installed in German city [[Bad Doberan]], location of the ''[[Zappanale]]'' since 1990, an annual music festival celebrating Zappa.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zappanale.de|title=Zappanale&nbsp;– Startseite|publisher=zappanale.de|access-date=August 14, 2008}}</ref> At the initiative of musicians community [[ORWOhaus]], the city of Berlin named a street in the [[Marzahn]] district "Frank-Zappa-Straße" in 2007.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/30/AR2007073000690.html|title=Berlin Names Street After Frank Zappa|agency=The Associated Press|date=July 30, 2007|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=August 15, 2008}}</ref> The same year, Baltimore mayor [[Sheila Dixon]] proclaimed August 9 as the city's official "Frank Zappa Day" citing Zappa's musical accomplishments as well as his defense of the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zappa.com/whatsnew/news/baltimore.html |title=What's New in Baltimore? |publisher=Zappa.com |access-date=August 15, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080808113218/http://www.zappa.com/whatsnew/news/baltimore.html |archive-date=August 8, 2008}}</ref>