Editing Electric motor (section)

==Comparison by major categories==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Comparison of motor types
!Type
!Advantages
!Disadvantages
!Typical application
!Typical drive, output
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |Self-commutated motors
|-
|[[Brushed DC electric motor|Brushed DC]]
|Simple speed control
Low initial cost
|Maintenance (brushes)
Medium lifespan 
Costly commutator and brushes
|Steel mills 
Paper making machines 
Treadmill exercisers
Automotive accessories
|Rectifier, linear transistor(s) or DC chopper controller.{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=9}}
|-
|[[Brushless DC electric motor|Brushless DC motor (BLDC or BLDM)]]
|Long lifespan
Low maintenance
High efficiency
|Higher initial cost
Requires EC controller with closed-loop control
|Rigid ("hard") disk drives
CD/DVD players
Electric vehicles 
RC Vehicles 
UAVs
|Synchronous; single-phase or three-phase with PM rotor and trapezoidal stator winding; VFD typically [[Voltage source|VS]] [[Pulse-width modulation|PWM]] inverter type.<ref name="Krishnan (1987)2" />{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=5}}{{sfn|Bose|2006|pp=480–81}}
|-
|[[Switched reluctance motor|Switched reluctance motor (SRM)]]
|Long lifespan
Low maintenance
High efficiency
No permanent magnets
Low cost
Simple construction
|Mechanical&nbsp;resonance
possible
High iron losses
Not possible:
<nowiki>*</nowiki> [[Scalar control|Open]] or [[vector control]]
<nowiki>*</nowiki> Parallel operation
Requires EC controller{{sfn|Bose|2006|pp=569–70, 891}}
|Appliances
Electric Vehicles
Textile mills
Aircraft applications
|PWM and various other drive types, which tend to be used in specialized / [[OEM]] applications.{{sfn|Bose|2006|pp=569–70}}<ref name="Vukosavic (1991)2">{{cite book|last=Vukosavic|first=Slobodan|title=Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting|author2=Stefanovic, Victor R.|date=November–December 1991|isbn=0-87942-553-9|volume=27|pages=1034–47|chapter=SRM Inverter Topologies: A Comparative Evaluation|doi=10.1109/IAS.1990.152299|issue=6}}</ref>
|-
|[[Universal motor]]
|High starting torque, compact, high speed.
|Maintenance (brushes)
Shorter lifespan 
Usually acoustically noisy 
Only small ratings are economical
|Handheld power tools, blenders, vacuum cleaners, insulation blowers
|Variable single-phase AC, half-wave or full-wave phase-angle control with triac(s); closed-loop control optional.{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=9}}
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |AC asynchronous motors
|-
|AC polyphase
squirrel-cage
or
wound-rotor
[[induction motor]] (SCIM)
or
(WRIM)
|Self-starting
Low cost
Robust
Reliable
Ratings to 1+ MW
Standardized types.
|High starting current
Lower efficiency
due to need
for magnetization.
|Fixed-speed, traditionally, SCIM the world's workhorse especially in low-performance applications of all types
Variable-speed, traditionally, low-performance variable-torque pumps, fans, blowers and compressors. 
Variable-speed, increasingly, other high-performance constant-torque and constant-power or dynamic loads.
|Fixed-speed, low-performance applications of all types.
Variable-speed, traditionally, WRIM drives or fixed-speed V/Hz-controlled VSDs.
Variable-speed, increasingly, [[Vector control (motor)|vector-controlled]] VSDs displacing DC, WRIM and single-phase AC induction motor drives.
|-
|AC SCIM
split-phase
capacitor-start
|High power
high starting torque
|Speed slightly below synchronous 
Starting switch or relay required
|Appliances
Stationary Power Tools
| rowspan="4" align="left" |Fixed or variable single-phase AC, variable speed being derived, typically, by full-wave phase-angle control with triac(s); closed-loop control optional.{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=9}}
|-
|AC SCIM
split-phase
capacitor-run
|Moderate power
High starting torque
No starting switch
Comparatively long life
|Speed slightly below synchronous
Slightly more costly
|Industrial blowers
Industrial machinery
|-
|AC SCIM
split-phase,
auxiliary
start winding
|Moderate power
Low starting torque
|Speed slightly below synchronous 
Starting switch or relay required
|Appliances
Stationary power tools
|-
|AC induction [[Shaded-pole motor|shaded-pole]]
motor
|Low cost
Long life
|Speed slightly below synchronous 
Low starting torque 
Small ratings 
low efficiency
|Fans, appliances, record players
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |AC synchronous motors
|-
|[[Synchronous motor|Wound-rotor synchronous motor]] (WRSM)
|Synchronous speed
Inherently
more efficient
induction motor,
low power factor
|More costly
|Industrial motors
|Fixed or variable speed, three-phase; VFD typically six-step [[Current source|CS]] load-commutated inverter type or [[Voltage source|VS]] PWM inverter type.{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=9}}{{sfn|Bose|2006|pp=480–81}}
|-
|[[AC motor#Hysteresis synchronous motor|Hysteresis motor]]
|Accurate speed control
Low noise
No vibration
High starting
torque
|Very low efficiency
|Clocks, timers, sound producing or recording equipment, hard drive, capstan drive
|Single-phase AC, two-phase capacitor-start, capacitor run motor<ref name="Roters (1947)2">{{cite journal|last=Roters|first=Herbert C.|date=January 1947|title=The hysteresis motor –Advances which permit economical fractional horsepower ratings|journal=Trans. AIEE|volume=66|issue=1|pages=1419–30|doi=10.1109/T-AIEE.1947.5059594|s2cid=51670991}}</ref><ref name="Bakshi2">{{cite conference|last=Bakshi|first=U.A.|author2=Bakshi, M.V.|year=2009|title=§9.3 'Hysteresis Motors' in Chapter 9 – Special Machines|url={{google books |plainurl=y |id=tG9LqKd2x2IC|page=9}}|edition=4th|publisher=Technical Publications Pune|isbn=978-81-8431-189-1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104232727/https://books.google.com/books?id=tG9LqKd2x2IC&pg=SA9-PA5&lpg=SA9-PA5&dq=hysteresis+motor+application&source=bl&ots=n8jJlfrSjI&sig=fonmxgJc-tckVlNYm9fE0df60eI&hl=en&sa=X&ei=EEApUb6gGYL5igKpl4DICA&sqi=2&ved=0CH4Q6AEwDg#v=onepage&q=hysteresis%20motor%20application&f=false|archive-date=2018-01-04|book-title=Electrical Machines – II|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|[[Reluctance motor|Synchronous reluctance motor (SyRM)]]
|Equivalent to SCIM
except more robust, more efficient, runs cooler, smaller footprint
Competes with PM synchronous motor without demagnetization issues
|Requires a controller
Not widely available
High cost
|Appliances
Electric vehicles
Textile mills
Aircraft applications
|VFD can be standard [[Direct torque control|DTC]] type or [[Voltage source|VS]] inverter PWM type.<ref name="Motoring Ahead 1/112">{{cite web|last=Lendenmann|first=Heinz|display-authors=etal|title=Motoring Ahead|url=http://www.lead-central.com/AssetManager/02427e68-6f15-4f3a-9749-d37abf613741/Documents/APW2012/Low%20Voltage%20Drives%20Motors/ABB-136_WPO_Motoring%20ahead.pdf|access-date=April 18, 2012}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |Specialty motors
|-
|[[Electric motor#Pancake or axial rotor motor|Pancake or axial rotor motors]]<ref name="Krishnan (1987)2" />
|Compact design
Simple speed control
|Medium cost
Medium lifespan
|Office Equip
Fans/Pumps, fast industrial and military servos
|Drives can typically be brushed or brushless DC type.<ref name="Krishnan (1987)2" />
|-
|[[Stepper motor]]
|Precision positioning
High holding torque
|Some can be costly
Require a controller
|Positioning in printers and floppy disc drives; industrial machine tools
|Not a VFD. Stepper position is determined by pulse counting.{{sfn|Stölting|Kallenbach|Amrhein|2008|p=10}}{{sfn|Bose|2006|p=389}}
|}