Editing Early Islamic philosophy (section)

===Peer review===
The first documented description of a [[peer review]] process is found in the ''Ethics of the Physician'' written by [[Ishaq bin Ali al-Rahwi]] (854–931) of [[al-Raha]], [[Syria]], who describes the first [[medical peer review]] process. His work, as well as later [[Islamic medicine|Arabic medical]] manuals, state that a visiting physician must always make duplicate notes of a patient's condition on every visit. When the patient was cured or had died, the notes of the physician were examined by a local medical council of other physicians, who would [[review]] the practising physician's notes to decide whether his/her performance have met the required standards of medical care. If their reviews were negative, the practicing physician could face a [[lawsuit]] from a maltreated patient.<ref>Ray Spier (2002), "The history of the peer-review process", ''Trends in Biotechnology'' '''20''' (8), p. 357-358 [357].</ref>