Editing 2000s (section)

===== Biology =====
* 2001 – The world's first self-contained [[artificial heart]] was implanted in [[Robert Tools]].
* 2002 – The [[2002–2004 SARS outbreak]] occurred in China and Hong Kong.
* 2003 – The [[Human Genome Project]] was completed, with a 92% accuracy.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022-04-11 |title=First complete sequence of a human genome |url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/first-complete-sequence-human-genome |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=National Institutes of Health (NIH) |language=EN}}</ref>
* 2005 – [[National Geographic Society]] and [[IBM]] established [[The Genographic Project]], which aims to trace the ancestry of every living human down to a single male ancestor.
* 2005 – Surgeons in France carried out the first successful partial human [[face transplant]].
* 2005 – Equipped with genome data and field observations of organisms from microbes to mammals, biologists made huge strides toward understanding the mechanisms by which living creatures [[Evolution|evolve]].
* 2006 – Australian scientist [[Ian Frazer]] developed a [[vaccine]] for the [[Human Papillomavirus]], a common cause of [[cervical cancer]].
* 2007 – [[RNA interference|RNA]], long upstaged by its more glamorous sibling, DNA, is turning out to have star qualities of its own. Science hails these electrifying discoveries, which are prompting biologists to overhaul their vision of the cell and its evolution.
* 2008 – By inserting genes that turn back a [[Cellular reprogramming|cell's developmental clock]], researchers are gaining insights into disease and the biology of how a cell decides its fate.
* 2008 – Launch of the [[1000 Genomes Project]] an international research effort to establish by far the most detailed catalogue of [[human genetic variation]].
* 2009 – Launch of the [[Human Connectome Project]] to build a [[connectome|network map]] that will shed light on the anatomical and functional connectivity within the healthy [[human brain]], as well as to produce a body of data that will facilitate research into [[brain disorder]]s.
* 2009 – A new strain of [[H1N1]] virus first detected in [[Mexico]] spread to the world, resulting in the [[2009 swine flu pandemic]].
* 2022 – Scientists successfully sequenced the last 8% of the human genome. The fully sequenced standard reference gene is called GRCh38.p14, and it contains 3.1 billion base pairs.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hartley |first=Gabrielle |date=2022-03-31 |title=The Human Genome Project pieced together only 92% of the DNA – now scientists have finally filled in the remaining 8% |url=https://theconversation.com/the-human-genome-project-pieced-together-only-92-of-the-dna-now-scientists-have-finally-filled-in-the-remaining-8-176138 |access-date=2024-12-18 |website=The Conversation |language=en-US}}</ref>