Editing Jewish holidays (section)

===Yom Ha'atzmaut—Israel Independence Day===
[[File:Peresohad1985hidon.jpg|thumb|The final round of the [[International Bible Contest]] (here in 1985) is held on Yom Ha'atzmaut]]
[[File:Jerusalem Day.jpg|thumb|[[Jerusalem Day]] celebrations]]
* [[Yom Ha'atzmaut]]: (nominally) 5 Iyar

''Yom Ha'atzmaut'' ({{lang|he|יום העצמאות}}) is Israel's [[Independence Day (Israel)|Independence Day]]. Observance of this day by Jews inside and outside Israel is widespread,<ref name=tdind>{{cite web|url=http://www.timeanddate.com/holidays/jewish/yom-haatzmaut|title=Yom HaAtzmaut|access-date=February 27, 2013|website=timeanddate.com}}</ref>  and varies in tone from secular (military parades and barbecues) to religious (recitation of Hallel and new liturgies).

Although Israel's independence was declared on a Friday, the Chief Rabbinate has long been mindful of the possibility of Yom Ha'atzmaut (and Yom Hazikaron) observances leading to violation of Sabbath prohibitions.  To prevent such violations, the dates of Yom Hazikaron and Yom Ha'atzmaut vary<ref name="chutz" group=Note /> as follows:
*If 4–5 Iyar occur on a Sunday-Monday, the observances are delayed to Monday-Tuesday, 5–6 Iyar.
*If 4–5 Iyar occur on a Tuesday-Wednesday, the observances are not moved.
*If 4–5 Iyar occur on a Thursday-Friday, the observances are advanced to Wednesday-Thursday, 3–4 Iyar.
*If 4–5 Iyar occur on a Friday-Shabbat, the observances are advanced to Wednesday-Thursday, 2–3 Iyar.

Nearly all non-''ḥaredi'' Jewish religious communities have incorporated changes or enhancements to the liturgy in honor of Yom Ha'atzmaut and suspend the mourning practices of [[#Sefirah—Counting of the Omer|the period of Sefirat Ha'Omer]].  (See [[Yom Ha'atzmaut#Religious customs|Yom Ha'atzmaut—Religious Customs]] for details.)  Within the Religious Zionist and Modern Orthodox communities, these changes are not without controversy, and customs continue to evolve.<ref name=Haber>{{cite web|title=Yom HaAtzmaut and Yom Yerushalayim in Halacha and Hashkafa |url=http://www.mevaseret.org/mmy/Shiurim/Rabbi%20Haber/Yom%20HaAtzmaut%20in%20Halacha%20and%20Hashkafa.htm |publisher=Yeshivat Shaarei Mevaseret Zion |website=www.mevaseret.org|access-date=February 27, 2013 |last=Haber |first=Alan |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120725124922/http://www.mevaseret.org/mmy/Shiurim/Rabbi%20Haber/Yom%20HaAtzmaut%20in%20Halacha%20and%20Hashkafa.htm |archive-date=July 25, 2012 }}</ref>

''Ḥaredi'' religious observance of Yom Ha'atzmaut varies widely.  A few ''ḥaredim'' (especially [[Sefardic Ḥaredim]]) celebrate the day in a reasonably similar way to the way non-''ḥaredim'' do.<ref>See [[Haredim and Zionism#ZH|Haredim and Zionism (Groups that support Zionism)]].</ref>  Most ''ḥaredim'' simply treat the day indifferently; ''i.e.,'' as a regular day.<ref name=Haber />  And finally others (notably [[Satmar Hasidism|Satmar Ḥasidim]] and [[Neturei Karta]]) mourn on the day because of their opposition to the enterprise of the State of Israel.<ref>{{Citation |last= Guttman|first= Moishe|date= March 14, 2007|title=Zealots and Zionism |magazine=Mishpacha|postscript=.}}</ref>