Editing Greece (section)

=== Architecture ===
{{See also|Ancient Greek architecture|Byzantine architecture|Modern Greek architecture}}
[[File:Syros Ano Syros u Ermoupolis140707.jpg|thumb|Harbour of [[Ermoupolis]], on the island [[Syros]], first capital of independent Greece.]]
The architecture of ancient Greece was produced by the ancient Greeks (''Hellenes''), whose [[Ancient Greece|culture]] flourished on the Greek mainland, the [[Aegean Islands]] and their [[Colonies in antiquity|colonies]], from about 900 BC until the 1st century AD, with the earliest remaining architectural works dating from around 600 BC. The formal vocabulary of ancient Greek architecture, in particular the division of architectural style into three defined orders: the [[Doric Order]], the [[Ionic Order]], and the [[Corinthian Order]], was to have profound effect on [[History of architecture|Western architecture]].

Byzantine architecture was dominant in the Greek speaking world and significantly influenced [[Medieval architecture]] throughout Europe and the Near East, becoming the primary progenitor of the [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] and [[Ottoman architecture|Ottoman architectural]] traditions that followed the Byzantine Empire's collapse.

After Greek Independence, modern Greek architects combined traditional Greek and Byzantine elements and motives with the western European movements and styles. [[Patras]] was the first city of the modern Greek state to develop a city plan applying the orthogonal rule by [[Stamatis Voulgaris]], a Greek engineer of the French army, in 1829.<ref>Παύλος Κυριαζής, «Σταμάτης Βούλγαρης. Ο αγωνιστής, ο πολεοδόμος, ο άνθρωπος», στο: Συλλογικό, Πρώτοι Έλληνες τεχνικοί επιστήμονες περιόδου απελευθέρωσης, εκδ. Τεχνικό Επιμελητήριο Ελλάδος, Αθήνα, 1976, σελ.158</ref>

Two special genres can be considered the Cycladic architecture, featuring white-coloured houses, in the [[Cyclades]] and the Epirotic architecture in the region of [[Epirus]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://travelaway.me/cycladic-architecture/|title=23 Best Examples of Cycladic Architecture|date=23 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.greeka.com/epirus/architecture/|title=Architecture of Epirus, Greece - Greeka.com|website=Greekacom}}</ref> Important is also the influence of the [[Venetian Gothic architecture|Venetian style]] in the [[Ionian islands]] and the "Mediterranean style" of [[Florestano Di Fausto]] (during the fascist regime) in the [[Dodecanese|Dodecanese islands]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Anderson|first=Sean|date=2010|title=The Light and the Line: Florestano Di Fausto and the Politics of 'Mediterraneità'|journal=California Italian Studies|doi=10.5070/C311008864|url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9hm1p6m5#page-1|doi-access=free}}</ref>

After the establishment of the [[Greek Kingdom]], the architecture of Athens and other cities was mostly influenced by the [[Neoclassical architecture]]. For Athens, the first [[King of Greece]], [[Otto of Greece]], commissioned the architects [[Stamatios Kleanthis]] and [[Eduard Schaubert]] to design a modern city plan fit for a capital. After the [[Great Thessaloniki Fire of 1917]], the government ordered for a new city plan under the supervision of [[Ernest Hébrard]]. Other modern Greek architects include [[Anastasios Metaxas]], [[Lysandros Kaftanzoglou]], [[Panagis Kalkos]], [[Ernst Ziller]], [[Xenophon Paionidis]], [[Dimitris Pikionis]], and [[Georges Candilis]].

There is an emerging need to secure the long-term preservation of the archaeological sites and monuments against the growing threats of climate change.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Kountouri| first1 = E. | last2 = Benissi |  first2 = C. | last3 = Spyropoulou | first3 = S. | year = 2022 | title = Integrating Climate Change into Protection Policies in Greece | journal = Internet Archaeology | issue = 60 | doi = 10.11141/ia.60.8| doi-access = free }}</ref>