Editing Cooperative (section)

=== Economic stability ===
{{See also|Economic stability}}

''[[Capital and the Debt Trap]]'' reports that "cooperatives tend to have a longer life than other types of enterprise, and thus a higher level of entrepreneurial sustainability". This [[wikt:resilient|resilience]] has been attributed to how cooperatives share risks and rewards between members, how they harness the ideas of many and how members have a tangible ownership stake in the business. Additionally, "cooperative banks build up [[counter-cyclical]] buffers that function well in case of a crisis," and are less likely to lead members and clients towards a [[debt trap]] (p.&nbsp;216). This is explained by their more democratic governance that reduces [[perverse incentive]]s and subsequent contributions to [[economic bubble]]s.

==== In Europe ====
A 2012 report published by CICOPA (Europe) showed that in France and Spain, worker cooperatives and social cooperatives "have been more resilient than conventional enterprises during the economic crisis".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.cecop.coop/IMG/pdf/report_cecop_2012_en_web.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160705235403/http://www.cecop.coop/IMG/pdf/report_cecop_2012_en_web.pdf |archive-date=5 July 2016 |access-date=1 April 2017}}</ref>

A 2013 report by [[ILO]] concluded that [[cooperative banking|cooperative banks]] outperformed their competitors during the [[2008 financial crisis]]. The cooperative banking sector had 20% market share of the European banking sector, but accounted for only 7 percent of all the write-downs and losses between the third quarter of 2007 and the first quarter of 2011. Cooperative banks were also over-represented in lending to small and medium-sized businesses in all of the 10 countries included in the report.<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_emp/---emp_ent/---coop/documents/publication/wcms_207768.pdf |title=Resilience in a downturn: The power of financial cooperatives |date=2013 |publisher=[[International Labour Organization]] |isbn=978-92-2-127031-7 |access-date=29 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412061738/https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_emp/---emp_ent/---coop/documents/publication/wcms_207768.pdf |archive-date=12 April 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

A 2017 report published by the Office for National Statistics found that, in the UK, the rate of survival of cooperatives after 5 years was 80 percent compared with only 41 percent for other enterprises.<ref name="uk.coop" /> A further study found that after 10 years, 44 percent of cooperatives were still in operation, compared with only 20 percent for other enterprises.

==== In North America ====

===== In the United States of America =====
{{Main|History of cooperatives in the United States}}

In a 2007 study by the World Council of Credit Unions, the five-year survival rate of cooperatives in the United States was found to be 90% in comparison to 3–5% for traditional businesses.<ref>{{cite web |title=10 Facts About Cooperative Enterprise – Grassroots Economic Organizing |url=http://www.geo.coop/story/fact-sheet |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170401232546/http://www.geo.coop/story/fact-sheet |archive-date=1 April 2017 |access-date=1 April 2017 |website=www.geo.coop}}</ref> [[Credit union]]s, a type of cooperative bank, had five times lower failure rate than other banks during the [[2008 financial crisis]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Cropp |first=Matt |date=22 November 2011 |title=In Pictures: Banks vs. Credit Unions in the Financial Crisis - |url=https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2011/11/22/in-pictures-banks-vs-credit-unions-in-the-financia.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201132528/https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2011/11/22/in-pictures-banks-vs-credit-unions-in-the-financia.aspx |archive-date=1 December 2018 |access-date=29 November 2018 |website=The Motley Fool}}</ref> and more than doubled lending to small businesses between 2008 and 2016, from $30&nbsp;billion to $60&nbsp;billion, while lending to small businesses overall during the same period declined by around $100&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite web |title=How Did Bank Lending to Small Business in the United States Fare After the Financial Crisis? - The U.S. Small Business Administration – SBA.gov |url=https://www.sba.gov/advocacy/how-did-bank-lending-small-business-united-states-fare-after-financial-crisis |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828223019/https://www.sba.gov/advocacy/how-did-bank-lending-small-business-united-states-fare-after-financial-crisis |archive-date=28 August 2019 |access-date=29 November 2018 |website=www.sba.gov}}</ref> Public trust in credit unions stands at 60%, compared to 30% for big banks<ref>{{cite web |title=Credit Unions Twice as Trusted as Big Banks |url=https://nwcua.org/2014/09/03/credit-unions-twice-as-trusted-as-big-banks/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181129100705/https://nwcua.org/2014/09/03/credit-unions-twice-as-trusted-as-big-banks/ |archive-date=29 November 2018 |access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref> and small businesses are five times less likely to be dissatisfied with a credit union than with a big bank.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/smallbusiness/2016/SBCS-Report-EmployerFirms-2016.pdf#page=23 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180906001907/https://www.newyorkfed.org/medialibrary/media/smallbusiness/2016/SBCS-Report-EmployerFirms-2016.pdf#page=23 |archive-date=6 September 2018 |access-date=29 November 2018}}</ref>

===== In Canada =====
{{Main|History of cooperatives in Canada}}

A 2010 report by the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export in Québec found the five-year survival rate and ten-year survival rate of cooperatives in Québec to be 62% and 44% respectively compared to 35% and 20% for conventional firms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.ontario.coop/cms/documents/212/2008_Quebec_Co-op_Survival_Report_Summary.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327054218/http://ontario.coop/cms/documents/212/2008_Quebec_Co-op_Survival_Report_Summary.pdf |archive-date=27 March 2016 |access-date=1 April 2017}}</ref> Another report by the BC-Alberta Social economy Research Alliance found that the three-year survival rate of cooperatives in Alberta to be 81.5% in comparison to 48% for traditional firms.<ref name="wisc.edu">{{cite web |title=A11 Report – Alberta Co-op Survival (PDF) |url=http://www.uwcc.wisc.edu/pdf/BALTA_A11_report_BC.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160714160752/http://www.uwcc.wisc.edu/pdf/BALTA_A11_report_BC.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2016 |access-date=1 April 2017}}</ref> Another report by the aforementioned Research Alliance found that in British Columbia, the five-year survival rates for cooperatives between 2000 and 2010 to be 66.6% in comparison to conventional businesses that had 43% and 39% in the years 1984 and 1993 respectively.<ref name="wisc.edu" />