Editing Yorkshire (section)

==Culture==
{{Main|Culture of Yorkshire}}
{{See also|Yorkshire dialect and accent}}
The culture of the people of Yorkshire is an accumulated product of a number of different civilisations who have influenced its history, including; the [[Celts]] ([[Brigantes]] and [[Parisii (Yorkshire)|Parisii]]), [[Ancient Rome|Romans]], [[Angles (tribe)|Angles]], [[Norsemen|Norse]] [[Viking]]s, and [[Normans]] amongst others.<ref>{{cite book |chapter=Northern Britons |first= Christopher A. |last=Snyder|title= The Britons |year= 2003 |pages= 198–224 |doi=10.1002/9780470758366.ch10|isbn= 9780470758366 }}</ref> The western part of the historic [[North Riding of Yorkshire|North Riding]] had an additional infusion of [[Breton people|Breton]] culture due to the [[Honour of Richmond]] being occupied by [[Alain Le Roux]], grandson of [[Geoffrey I, Duke of Brittany]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://everything2.com/e2node/Earl%2520of%2520Richmond |publisher=Everything.com |title=Earl of Richmond |access-date=24 October 2007 |archive-date=6 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306192130/https://everything2.com/title/Earl%2520of%2520Richmond |url-status=live }}</ref> The people of Yorkshire are immensely proud of their county and local culture, and it is sometimes suggested they identify more strongly with their county than they do with their country.<ref name="yne">{{cite web |url=http://www.conservatives.com/tile.do?def=news.story.page&obj_id=11797&speeches=1 |publisher=Conservatives.com |title=He's a shrewd, straight-talking Yorkshireman – not English, mind you, Yorkshire |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070617065152/http://conservatives.com/tile.do?def=news.story.page&obj_id=11797&speeches=1 |archive-date=17 June 2007 |access-date=7 May 2015}}</ref> Yorkshire people have their own Yorkshire dialects and accents and are, or rather were, known as Broad Yorkshire or ''Tykes'', with its roots in Old English and Old Norse.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/voices2005/pete_2.shtml |title=Tyke: It's all the Vikings' fault (sort of) |access-date=14 February 2017 |last=Keane |first=Peter |work=BBC Bradford and West Yorkshire |publisher=[[BBC]] |archive-date=27 March 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327015740/http://www.bbc.co.uk/bradford/voices2005/pete_2.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/northyorkshire/voices2005/glossary/glossary.shtml |title=North Yorkshire > Voices > Glossary |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2015 |work=BBC News |access-date=14 February 2017 |archive-date=31 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170131140007/http://www.bbc.co.uk/northyorkshire/voices2005/glossary/glossary.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[British Library]] provides a four minute long voice recording made in 1955, by a "female housekeeper", Miss Madge Dibnahon, on its web site and an example of the Yorkshire dialect used at that time, in an unstated location. "Much of her speech remains part of the local dialect to this day", according to the Library.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bl.uk/if-homes-had-ears/articles/technology-and-gender|title=Technology and gender|website=The British Library|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=20 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920212121/https://www.bl.uk/if-homes-had-ears/articles/technology-and-gender|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/yorkshire-dialect-miss-dibnah-methods-for-baking|title=Yorkshire dialect: Miss Dibnah explains the different methods for baking white bread, brown bread and spice bread|website=The British Library|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=9 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201209174951/https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/yorkshire-dialect-miss-dibnah-methods-for-baking|url-status=live}}</ref> Due to the large size of Yorkshire, spoken dialects vary between areas. In fact, the dialect in North Yorkshire and Humberside/East Yorkshire is "quite different [than in West Yorkshire and South Yorkshire] and has a much stronger Scandinavian influence".<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.yorkshiredialectsociety.org.uk/yorkshire-dialect-explanation/|title=Yorkshire dialect – an explanation|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=9 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184536/https://www.yorkshiredialectsociety.org.uk/yorkshire-dialect-explanation/|url-status=live}}</ref>

One report explains the geographic difference in detail:<ref name="auto"/><blockquote>This distinction was first recognised formally at the turn of the 19th / 20th centuries, when linguists drew an isophone diagonally across the county from the northwest to the southeast, separating these two broadly distinguishable ways of speaking. It can be extended westwards through Lancashire to the estuary of the River Lune, and is sometimes called the Humber-Lune Line. Strictly speaking, the dialects spoken south and west of this isophone are Midland dialects, whereas the dialects spoken north and east of it are truly Northern. It is possible that the Midland form moved up into the region with people gravitating towards the manufacturing districts of the West Riding during the Industrial Revolution.</blockquote>

Though distinct accents remain, dialect has declined heavily in everyday use. Some have argued the dialect was a fully fledged [[language]] in its own right.<ref>{{cite book |last=Kellett |first=Arnold |title=The Yorkshire Dictionary of Dialect, Tradition and Folklore |publisher=Smith Settle |date=January 1994 |isbn=1-85825-016-1}}</ref> The county has also produced a set of Yorkshire colloquialisms,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Yorkshire-Dialect/ |title=Yorkshire Dialect |last=Castelow |first=Ellen |date=21 April 2016 |website=Historic UK |access-date=14 February 2017 |quote=Nah then,'ow do? – Nobbut middlin'. |archive-date=15 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215195546/http://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Yorkshire-Dialect/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which are in use in the county. Among Yorkshire's traditions is the [[Long Sword dance]]. The most famous traditional song of Yorkshire is ''[[On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at]]'' ("On [[Ilkley Moor]] without a hat"), it is considered the unofficial anthem of the county.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dksnakes.co.uk/national_anthem.htm |publisher=DKSnakes.co.uk |title=The National Anthem of Yorkshire 'God's own county' |access-date=24 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070912065527/http://www.dksnakes.co.uk/national_anthem.htm|archive-date=12 September 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Literature and art===
[[File:Painting of Brontë sisters.png|upright=0.8|thumb|left|The Brontë sisters]]
Although the first Professor of English Literature at [[Leeds University]], [[F. W. Moorman]], claimed the first extant work of English literature, ''[[Beowulf]]'', was written in Yorkshire,<ref name="moorman">{{cite book |first=F. W. |last=Moorman |chapter=English Place Names and the Teutonic Sagas |editor-first=Oliver |editor-last=Elton |title=English Association Essays and Studies |volume=5 |location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon |date=1914 |page=75f}}</ref> this view does not have common acceptance today. However, when Yorkshire formed the southern part of the kingdom of [[Northumbria]] there were several notable poets, scholars and ecclesiastics, including [[Alcuin]], [[Cædmon]] and [[Wilfrid]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.whitby-yorkshire.co.uk/abbey/abbey.htm|publisher=Whitby-Abbey.co.uk|title=Whitby Abbey|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=31 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031093633/http://www.whitby-yorkshire.co.uk/abbey/abbey.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The most esteemed literary family from the county are the three [[Brontë]] sisters, with part of the county around [[Haworth]] being nicknamed [[Brontë Country]] in their honour.<ref name="bronte">{{cite web|url=http://www.brontefamily.org/history.html|publisher=BronteFamily.org|title=Biography of Family|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=28 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228225658/http://www.brontefamily.org/history.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Their novels, written in the mid-19th century, caused a sensation when they were first published, yet were subsequently accepted into the canon of great English literature.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.universalteacher.org.uk/lit/history.htm|publisher=UniversalTeacher.org.uk|title=A brief history of English literature|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=15 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315154021/http://www.universalteacher.org.uk/lit/history.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> Among the most celebrated novels written by the sisters are [[Anne Brontë]]'s ''[[The Tenant of Wildfell Hall]]'', [[Charlotte Brontë]]'s ''[[Jane Eyre]]'' and [[Emily Brontë]]'s ''[[Wuthering Heights]]''.<ref name="bronte" /> ''Wuthering Heights'' was almost a source used to depict life in Yorkshire, illustrating the type of people that reside there in its characters, and emphasising the use of the stormy Yorkshire moors. Nowadays, the parsonage which was their former home is now a museum in their honour.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digyorkshire.com/VenueListing.aspx?venue=5646|title=Bronte Parsonage events and listings|publisher=digyorkshire.com|access-date=18 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100228060000/http://www.digyorkshire.com/VenueListing.aspx?venue=5646|archive-date=28 February 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Bram Stoker]] authored ''[[Dracula]]'' while living in [[Whitby]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dracula-in-whitby.com/bram-stoker.html|publisher=Dracula-in-Whitby.com|title=Bram Stoker and Whitby|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028103605/http://www.dracula-in-whitby.com/bram-stoker.html|archive-date=28 October 2007|url-status=usurped}}</ref> and it includes several elements of local folklore including the beaching of the Russian ship ''Dmitri'', which became the basis of Demeter in the book.<ref name="stoker">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/northyorkshire/content/articles/2005/07/21/coast05walks_stagesix.shtml|publisher=BBC|title=Coast: Point 6 – Stoker|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=3 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090203210204/http://www.bbc.co.uk/northyorkshire/content/articles/2005/07/21/coast05walks_stagesix.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref>

The novelist tradition in Yorkshire continued into the 20th and 21st centuries, with authors such as [[J. B. Priestley]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jpriestley.htm|publisher=Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk|title=J. B. Priestley|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514055015/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/Jpriestley.htm|archive-date=14 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Alan Bennett]], Stan Barstow, Dame [[Margaret Drabble]], [[Winifred Holtby]] (''[[South Riding (novel)|South Riding]], [[The Crowded Street]]''), [[A. S. Byatt]], [[Joanne Harris]], [[Barbara Taylor Bradford]],<ref name="writers">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2005/oct/13/books.britishidentity|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|title=The 50 greatest Yorkshire people?|access-date=25 October 2007|location=London|first=Martin|last=Wainwright|date=19 October 2005|archive-date=27 August 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070827200607/http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,6109,1590846,00.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Marina Lewycka]] and [[Sunjeev Sahota]] being prominent examples. Taylor Bradford is noted for ''[[A Woman of Substance (novel)|A Woman of Substance]]'' which was one of the top-ten best selling novels in history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thebookshow.skyarts.co.uk/authors/5394/barbara_taylorbradford.html|publisher=The Book Show|title=Barbara Taylor-Bradford: The best-selling author on the latest in the Ravenscar saga|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071115075552/http://thebookshow.skyarts.co.uk/authors/5394/barbara_taylorbradford.html|archive-date=15 November 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another well-known author was [[children's writer]] [[Arthur Ransome]], who penned the [[Swallows and Amazons series|''Swallows and Amazons'' series]].<ref name="writers" /> [[James Herriot]], the best selling author of over 60 million copies of books about his experiences of some 50 years as a veterinarian in [[Thirsk]], North Yorkshire, the town which he refers to as Darrowby in his books<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hello-yorkshire.co.uk/thirsk/tourist-information|publisher=Hello Yorkshire|title=Thirsk Tourist Information|access-date=8 June 2009|archive-date=28 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091128004603/http://www.hello-yorkshire.co.uk/thirsk/tourist-information|url-status=live}}</ref> (although born in [[Sunderland]]), has been admired for his easy reading style and interesting characters.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE4DF1238F937A15751C0A963958260 | work=The New York Times | title=James Herriot, 78, writer, Dies; Animal Stories Charmed People | date=24 February 1995 | access-date=6 April 2010 | first=Mary B. W. | last=Tabor | archive-date=6 March 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306192128/https://www.nytimes.com/1995/02/24/obituaries/james-herriot-78-writer-dies-animal-stories-charmed-people.html | url-status=live }}</ref>

Poets include [[Ted Hughes]], [[W. H. Auden]], [[William Empson]], [[Simon Armitage]], [[David Miedzianik]] and [[Andrew Marvell]].<ref name="writers" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.luminarium.org/sevenlit/marvell/marvbio.htm|publisher=Luminarium.org|title=The Life of Andrew Marvell (1621–1678)|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=4 September 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060904021446/http://www.luminarium.org/sevenlit/marvell/marvbio.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/marvel05.html|publisher=TheOtherPages.org|title=Poets' Corner – Andrew Marvell – Selected Works IV|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=12 December 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071212151201/http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/marvel05.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.simonarmitage.com/biography.html|title=Simon Armitage Biography|access-date=5 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130113034616/http://www.simonarmitage.com/biography.html|archive-date=13 January 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://freespace.virgin.net/david.mied/|title=The Poetry of David Miedzianik|access-date=7 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061010083520/http://freespace.virgin.net/david.mied/|archive-date=10 October 2006|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Three well known sculptors emerged in the 20th century; contemporaries [[Henry Moore]] and [[Barbara Hepworth]], and Leeds-raised land artist [[Andy Goldsworthy]]. Some of their works are available for public viewing at the [[Yorkshire Sculpture Park]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haworth-village.org.uk/outandabout/yorkshire-sculpture/yorkshire-sculpture-park.asp|publisher=Haworth-Village.org.uk|title=Visiting Yorkshire Sculpture Park – Bretton Hall|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=13 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013214316/http://www.haworth-village.org.uk/outandabout/yorkshire-sculpture/yorkshire-sculpture-park.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> There are several [[art gallery|art galleries]] in Yorkshire featuring extensive collections, such as [[Ferens Art Gallery]], [[Leeds Art Gallery]], [[Millennium Galleries]] and [[York Art Gallery]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://my-yorkshire.co.uk/art-galleries/|publisher=My-Yorkshire.co.uk|title=Yorkshire Art Galleries|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=16 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716030005/http://my-yorkshire.co.uk/art-galleries/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digyorkshire.com/Venues.aspx?Menu=2465|title=List of art galleries in Yorkshire|publisher=digyorkshire.com|access-date=18 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805172413/http://www.digyorkshire.com/Venues.aspx?Menu=2465|archive-date=5 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.redraggallery.co.uk/counties/Yorkshire-art-galleries.asp|publisher=RedRagGallery.co.uk|title=Yorkshire Art Gallery and Galleries|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=12 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012234801/http://www.redraggallery.co.uk/counties/Yorkshire-art-galleries.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the better known local painters are [[William Etty]] and [[David Hockney]];<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.artchive.com/artchive/H/hockney.html|publisher=Artchive.com|title=David Hockney|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=20 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020030026/http://www.artchive.com/artchive/H/hockney.html|url-status=live}}</ref> many works by the latter are housed at [[Salts Mill]] 1853 Gallery in [[Saltaire]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visitbradford.com/thedms-search.asp?dms=13&campaign=0&feature=1&venue=1580799&easi=true|title=1853 Gallery|work=Visit Bradford|access-date=28 May 2008|archive-date=17 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717221908/http://www.visitbradford.com/thedms-search.asp?dms=13&campaign=0&feature=1&venue=1580799&easi=true|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Cuisine===
[[File:Sunday roast-02.jpg|thumb|left|A Yorkshire pudding, served as part of a traditional [[Sunday roast]].]]
The traditional cuisine of Yorkshire, in common with the [[North of England]] in general, is known for using rich-tasting ingredients, especially with regard to sweet dishes, which were affordable for the majority of people.<ref name="favyorksrecipe">{{cite book |publisher=Amanda Persey|title=Favourite Yorkshire Recipes|id={{ASIN|1898435111|country=uk}}}}</ref> There are several dishes which originated in Yorkshire or are heavily associated with it.<ref name="favyorksrecipe" /> [[Yorkshire pudding]], a savoury batter dish, is by far the best known of Yorkshire foods, and is eaten throughout England. It is commonly served with [[roast beef]] and vegetables to form part of the [[Sunday roast]]<ref name="favyorksrecipe" /> but is traditionally served as a starter dish filled with onion gravy within Yorkshire.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inpursuitofperfection.net/uncategorized/the-ultimate-yorkshire-pudding-recipe|publisher=inpursuitofperfection|title=The Ultimate Yorkshire Pudding recipe|access-date=7 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223062513/http://www.inpursuitofperfection.net/uncategorized/the-ultimate-yorkshire-pudding-recipe|archive-date=23 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Yorkshire pudding is the base for [[toad in the hole]], a dish containing sausage.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://britishfood.about.com/od/regionalenglishrecipes/r/toadinhole.htm|publisher=about.com|title=Individual Toad in the Hole Recipe|access-date=7 August 2012|archive-date=18 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121118161351/http://britishfood.about.com/od/regionalenglishrecipes/r/toadinhole.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Other foods associated with the county include Yorkshire curd tart, a [[curd]] [[tart]] recipe with [[rosewater]];<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/yorkshire_curd_tart_23874|publisher=BBC|title=Yorkshire curd tart|access-date=16 November 2014|archive-date=31 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231032109/http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/yorkshire_curd_tart_23874|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Parkin (cake)|parkin]], a sweet [[gingerbread|ginger cake]] which is different from standard ginger cakes in that it includes [[oatmeal]] and [[treacle]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aboutfood.co.uk/places/yorkshire_guide.html|publisher=AboutFood.com|title= Right good food from the Ridings|access-date=25 October 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070607194557/http://www.aboutfood.co.uk/places/yorkshire_guide.html |archive-date = 7 June 2007}}</ref> and [[Wensleydale (cheese)|Wensleydale cheese]], a cheese made with milk from [[Wensleydale]] and often eaten as an accompaniment to sweet foods.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wensleydale.org/pick-of-the-dales/selected.asp?ID=6 |publisher=Wensleydale.org |title=Yorkshire Recipes: Ginger Beer |access-date=25 October 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071009023533/http://www.wensleydale.org/pick-of-the-dales/selected.asp?ID=6 |archive-date=9 October 2007 }}</ref> The beverage [[ginger beer]], flavoured with [[ginger]], came from Yorkshire and has existed since the mid-18th century. [[Liquorice (confectionery)|Liquorice sweet]] was first created by George Dunhill from [[Pontefract]], who in the 1760s thought to mix the liquorice plant with sugar.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wakefield.gov.uk/Documents/culture-museums/museums/liquorice-in-pontefract.pdf|publisher=Wakefield Council|title=Liquorice in Pontefract|access-date=27 November 2014|archive-date=5 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141205121530/http://www.wakefield.gov.uk/Documents/culture-museums/museums/liquorice-in-pontefract.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Yorkshire and in particular the city of York played a prominent role in the confectionery industry, with [[chocolate factory|chocolate factories]] owned by companies such as [[Rowntree's]], [[Terry's]] and [[Thorntons]] inventing many of Britain's most popular [[Candy|sweets]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/localnews/Safeguard-for-chocolate-heritage-.3217104.jp |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120509195406/http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/around-yorkshire/local-stories/safeguard_for_chocolate_heritage_1_2470358|archive-date=2012-05-09|newspaper=Yorkshire Post|title=Safeguard for chocolate heritage|date=20 September 2007| access-date=25 October 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.visityork.org/media/factsheets/Chocolate.asp|publisher=VisitYork.org|title=Chocolate is to York what mustard is to Norwich|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080131165503/http://www.visityork.org/media/factsheets/Chocolate.asp|archive-date=31 January 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref> Another traditional Yorkshire food is pikelets, which are similar to [[crumpet]]s but much thinner.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seymour-recipes.com/recipes/Bread/breadmachine/Yorkshire_pikelets.htm|publisher=Seymour-Recipes.com|title=Yorkshire Pikelets|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090112003627/http://www.seymour-recipes.com/recipes/Bread/breadmachine/Yorkshire_pikelets.htm|archive-date=12 January 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Rhubarb Triangle]] is a location within Yorkshire which supplies most of the rhubarb to locals.

In recent years curries have become popular in the county, largely due to the immigration and successful integration of Asian families. There are many famous curry empires with their origins in Yorkshire, including the 850-seater Aakash restaurant in [[Cleckheaton]], which has been described as "the world's largest curry house".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/New-owner-for-world39s-largest.1833967.jp|title=New owner for world's largest curry house|last=Roberts|first=John|date=20 October 2006|work=Yorkshire Post|access-date=22 March 2009}}</ref>

===Beer and brewing===
{{see also|List of breweries in England}}
Yorkshire has a number of breweries including [[Black Sheep Brewery|Black Sheep]], [[Copper Dragon Brewery|Copper Dragon]], [[Cropton Brewery]], [[John Smith's]], [[Samuel Smith Old Brewery]], [[Kelham Island Brewery]], [[Theakston (brewer)|Theakstons]], [[Timothy Taylor Brewery|Timothy Taylor]], [[Wharfedale Brewery]], [[Harrogate Brewery]] and [[Leeds Brewery]].<ref name=quaffale>{{cite web
|url=http://www.quaffale.org.uk/php/county/S59
|title=Breweries in the Historic County of Yorkshire
|publisher=quaffale.org.uk
|access-date=3 May 2009
|archive-date=23 November 2008
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081123042851/http://www.quaffale.org.uk/php/county/S59
|url-status=live
}}</ref><ref name=leedsbrewery>
{{cite web
 |url=http://www.leedsbrewery.co.uk/about/ 
 |title=About Leeds Brewery 
 |publisher=leedsbrewery.co.uk 
 |access-date=7 August 2012
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723124905/http://www.leedsbrewery.co.uk/about/ 
 |archive-date=23 July 2012 }}
</ref>
The [[beer style]] most associated with the county is [[Bitter (beer)|bitter]].<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.sallyhoward.net/article.php?id=24&category=food
|title=Yorkshire Beer Guide – Sally Howard freelance writer
|publisher=sallyhoward.net
|access-date=3 May 2009
|archive-date=24 July 2011
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724052705/http://www.sallyhoward.net/article.php?id=24&category=food
|url-status=live
}}</ref> As elsewhere in the North of England, when served through a [[Beer engine|handpump]], a sparkler is used giving a tighter, more solid head.<ref>
{{cite web
|url=http://www.roosters.co.uk/faq.htm
|title=Roosters brewery – Frequently asked questions
|publisher=roosters.co.uk
|access-date=3 May 2009
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080612055702/http://www.roosters.co.uk/faq.htm |archive-date = 12 June 2008}}
</ref>

Brewing has taken place on a large scale since at least the 12th century, for example at the now derelict [[Fountains Abbey]] which at its height produced 60 barrels of strong ale every ten days.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beer-pages.com/protz/features/st-albans-abbey-beer.htm |title=beer, by holy orders – St Albans Ale |publisher=Beer-pages.com |access-date=5 August 2011 |archive-date=16 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716000300/http://www.beer-pages.com/protz/features/st-albans-abbey-beer.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Most current Yorkshire breweries date from the [[Industrial Revolution]] of the late 18th and early 19th century.<ref name=quaffale/>

===Music===
[[File:Kate Rusby live.jpg|thumb|right|[[Kate Rusby]] on stage in 2005]]
Yorkshire has a heritage of folk music and folk dance including the [[Long Sword dance]].<ref>{{cite book|first=C. J. |last=Sharp|title=Sword Dances of Northern England Together with the Horn Dance of Abbots Bromley |publisher=Kessinger Publishing|year= 2003}}</ref> Yorkshire folk song was distinguished by the use of dialect, particularly in the West Riding and exemplified by the song '[[On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at]]', probably written in the late 19th century, using a Kent folk tune (almost certainly borrowed via a [[Methodist]] [[hymnal]]),{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} seen as an unofficial Yorkshire anthem.<ref>{{cite book|first=A. |last=Kellett |title=On Ilkla Mooar baht 'at: the Story of the Song|publisher=Smith Settle|year= 1988}}</ref> Famous folk performers from the county include the [[Watersons]] from [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]], who began recording Yorkshire versions of folk songs from 1965;<ref name="Nidel2005">{{cite book|first=R. |last=Nidel |title=World Music: The Basics|url=https://archive.org/details/worldmusic00rich_0 |url-access=registration |location= London|publisher= Routledge|year= 2005|page= [https://archive.org/details/worldmusic00rich_0/page/90 90]}}</ref> Heather Wood (born 1945) of the [[Young Tradition]]; the short-lived electric folk group [[Mr Fox]] (1970–72), [[the Deighton Family]]; [[Julie Matthews]]; [[Kathryn Roberts]]; and [[Kate Rusby]].<ref name="Nidel2005"/> Yorkshire has a flourishing folk music culture, with over forty [[folk clubs]] and thirty annual [[folk festival|folk music festivals]].<ref>{{cite web|work=Folk and Roots' |url=http://www.folkandroots.co.uk/Venues_Yorkshire.html |title=Yorkshire based Artists and Groups |access-date=15 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209201537/http://www.folkandroots.co.uk/Venues_Yorkshire.html |archive-date=9 February 2013 }}</ref> The 1982 [[Eurovision Song Contest 1982|Eurovision Song Contest]] was held in the [[Harrogate International Centre]]. In 2007 the Yorkshire Garland Group was formed to make Yorkshire folk songs accessible online and in schools.<ref>{{cite news|title=Folk songs of traditional Yorkshire to be celebrated on group's heritage website|work=Yorkshire Post|url=http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/video/Folk-songs-of-traditional-Yorkshire.3166419.jp|date=1 September 2007|access-date=12 February 2009|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132926/http://www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/video/Folk-songs-of-traditional-Yorkshire.3166419.jp|url-status=live}}</ref>

In the field of classical music, Yorkshire has produced some major and minor composers, including [[Frederick Delius]], [[George Dyson (composer)|George Dyson]], [[Philip Wilby]], [[Edward Bairstow]], William Baines, [[Kenneth Leighton]], [[Bernadette Farrell]], [[Eric Fenby]], [[Anne Quigley]], [[Haydn Wood]], [[Arthur Wood (composer)|Arthur Wood]], [[Arnold Cooke]], [[Gavin Bryars]], [[John Casken]], and in the area of TV, film and radio music, [[John Barry (composer)|John Barry]] and [[Wally Stott]]. [[Opera North]] is based at the [[Grand Theatre, Leeds]]. Leeds is also home to the [[Leeds International Piano Competition]]. The [[Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival]] takes place annually in November. [[Huddersfield Choral Society]] is one of the UK's most celebrated amateur choirs.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://yorkshireawards.org/winner/huddersfield-choral-society/ |title=Huddersfield Choral Society |publisher=Yorkshire Awards |access-date=2 January 2021 |archive-date=19 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419153642/https://yorkshireawards.org/winner/huddersfield-choral-society/ |url-status=usurped }}</ref> The [[National Centre for Early Music]] is located in York.

The county is home to successful brass bands such as [[Black Dyke Band|Black Dyke]], [[Brighouse and Rastrick Brass Band|Brighouse & Rastrick]], [[Carlton Main Frickley Colliery Band|Carlton Main Frickley]], [[Hammonds Saltaire Band|Hammonds Saltaire]], and [[Yorkshire Imperial Band|Yorkshire Imperial]].

[[File:Arctic Monkeys Orange RF07.jpg|thumb|left|[[Arctic Monkeys]] performing on Orange stage at Roskilde Festival in 2007]]
During the 1970s [[David Bowie]], himself of a father from [[Doncaster]] in the West Riding of Yorkshire,<ref>{{cite episode|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0670006/|title=Episode for 29 November 2003|series=[[Parkinson (TV series)|Parkinson]]|access-date=29 November 2003|archive-date=25 March 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325142233/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0670006/|url-status=live}}</ref> hired three musicians from [[Kingston upon Hull|Hull]]: [[Mick Ronson]], [[Trevor Bolder]] and [[Mick Woodmansey]]; together they recorded ''[[The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars|Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars]]'', an album considered by a magazine article as one of a 100 greatest and most influential of all time.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.time.com/time/2006/100albums/index.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061201085911/http://www.time.com/time/2006/100albums/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 December 2006|magazine=Time|title=The All-TIME 100 Albums|access-date=25 October 2007|date=2 November 2006}}</ref> In the following decade, [[Def Leppard]], from [[Sheffield]], achieved worldwide fame, particularly in America. Their 1983 album ''[[Pyromania (album)|Pyromania]]'' and 1987 album ''[[Hysteria (Def Leppard album)|Hysteria]]'' sold  12 and 25 million copies respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |title=DEF LEPPARD album sales |url=https://bestsellingalbums.org/artist/3138 |access-date=2025-02-03 |website=BestSellingAlbums.org |language=en-US}}</ref> Yorkshire had a very strong [[post-punk]] scene which went on to achieve widespread acclaim and success, including: [[the Sisters of Mercy]], [[the Cult]], [[Vardis]], [[Gang of Four (band)|Gang of Four]], [[ABC (band)|ABC]], [[the Human League]], [[New Model Army (band)|New Model Army]], [[Soft Cell]], [[Chumbawamba]], [[the Wedding Present]] and [[The Mission (band)|the Mission]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/leeds/music/raw_talent/gods/2004.shtml|publisher=BBC|title=Will the gods come from Leeds?|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=3 May 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050503232237/http://www.bbc.co.uk/leeds/music/raw_talent/gods/2004.shtml|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Pulp (band)|Pulp]] from Sheffield had a massive hit in "[[Common People (song)|Common People]]" during 1995; the song focuses on working-class northern life.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio2/soldonsong/songlibrary/commonpeople.shtml|publisher=BBC|title=Common People|access-date=25 October 2007|archive-date=11 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911215356/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio2/soldonsong/songlibrary/commonpeople.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> In the 21st century, [[indie rock]] and [[post-punk revival]] bands from the area gained popularity, including the [[Kaiser Chiefs]], [[the Cribs]] and the [[Arctic Monkeys]], the last-named holding the record for the fastest-selling debut album in British music history with ''[[Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not]]''.<ref>{{cite news|work=[[BBC News]]|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5315452.stm|title=Arctic Monkeys win Mercury Prize|access-date=25 October 2007|date=5 September 2006|archive-date=6 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070906221402/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/5315452.stm|url-status=live}}</ref>

Influenced by the local post punk scene, but also by national and international extreme metal acts such as [[Celtic Frost]], [[Candlemass (band)|Candlemass]], and [[Morbid Angel]], Yorkshire-based bands [[Paradise Lost (band)|Paradise Lost]] and [[My Dying Bride]] laid the foundations of what would become the [[Gothic Metal]] genre in the early to mid-1990s.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://knotfest.com/grim-northern-misery-how-paradise-lost-and-my-dying-bride-took-british-gothic-metal-mainstream/|title=Grim Northern Misery: How Paradise Lost and My Dying Bride took British gothic metal mainstream|date=23 December 2020|access-date=2 March 2021|archive-date=26 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126190500/https://knotfest.com/grim-northern-misery-how-paradise-lost-and-my-dying-bride-took-british-gothic-metal-mainstream/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVgpY4awcys| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211028/VVgpY4awcys| archive-date=28 October 2021|title=OVER THE MADNESS (2007) – A DIRAN NOUBAR FILM| date=24 August 2018|via=www.youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

===Television productions===
Among prominent British television shows filmed in (and based on) Yorkshire are the [[soap opera]] ''[[Emmerdale]]'' and the sitcom ''[[Last of the Summer Wine]]''; the latter in particular is noted for holding the record of longest-running comedy series in the world, from 1973 until 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.summer-wine.com/story.htm |publisher=Summer-Wine.com |title=Summer Wine – The Story |access-date=3 October 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501132716/http://www.summer-wine.com/story.htm |archive-date=1 May 2008 }}</ref> Other notable television series set in Yorkshire include ''[[Downton Abbey]]'', ''[[All Creatures Great and Small (1978 TV series)|All Creatures Great and Small]]'', ''[[The Beiderbecke Trilogy]]'', ''[[Rising Damp]]'', ''[[Open All Hours]]'', ''[[Band of Gold (TV series)|Band Of Gold]]'', ''[[Dalziel and Pascoe]]'', ''[[Fat Friends]]'', ''[[Heartbeat (UK TV series)|Heartbeat]]'', ''[[The Syndicate]]'', ''[[No Angels]]'', ''[[Drifters (TV series)|Drifters]]'' and ''[[The Royal]]''. During the first three series of the sitcom ''[[The New Statesman (1987 TV series)|The New Statesman]]'', Alan B'Stard represented as MP the fictional constituency of Haltenprice in North Yorkshire.

Yorkshire has remained a popular location for filming in more recent times.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.yorkshirenet.co.uk/yorkshire-attractions/film-and-tv/ |title=Yorkshire on Film and TV |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2016 |website=Yorkshire Net |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-date=8 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170208221327/http://www.yorkshirenet.co.uk/yorkshire-attractions/film-and-tv/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theknowledgeonline.com/the-knowledge-bulletin/post/2016/02/10/yorkshire-wins-new-funding-to-grow-as-film-hub |title=Yorkshire wins funding to grow film hub |last=Daniels |first=Nia |date=2 October 2016 |website=The Knowledge Online |publisher=Media Business Insight Limited |access-date=10 February 2017 |quote=Yorkshire has been announced by the BFI as the winner of National Lottery funding, aimed at encouraging emerging screen sector hubs |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211080026/http://www.theknowledgeonline.com/the-knowledge-bulletin/post/2016/02/10/yorkshire-wins-new-funding-to-grow-as-film-hub |url-status=live }}</ref> For example, much of ITV's highly acclaimed ''[[Victoria (UK TV series)|Victoria]]'' was filmed in the region, at locations such as Harewood House in Leeds and Beverley Minster (the latter being used to depict Westminster Abbey and St James' Palace),<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/stayingin/tvfilm/victoria-itv-cast-locations-and-four-other-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-period-drama-a3330801.html |title=Victoria, ITV: cast, locations, and four other things you need to know about the period drama |last=Travis |first=Ben |date=28 August 2016 |work=London Evening Standard |access-date=10 February 2017 |quote=It was mostly filmed in Yorkshire. Recreating the opulence of royalty was achieved by a mix of locations and studio shoots. |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211081357/http://www.standard.co.uk/stayingin/tvfilm/victoria-itv-cast-locations-and-four-other-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-period-drama-a3330801.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Jacobs |first=Sherelle |author-link=Sherelle Jacobs |date=6 October 2016 |title=Victoria: filming locations in Yorkshire and where to stay |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/hotels/articles/victoria-itv-drama-filming-locations-and-where-to-stay/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/hotels/articles/victoria-itv-drama-filming-locations-and-where-to-stay/ |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |access-date=10 February 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> whilst [[Channel 5 (British TV channel)|Channel 5]] has programmed numerous Yorkshire-themed documentary series such as ''Our Yorkshire Farm'' and ''The Yorkshire Steam Railway: All Aboard'' across its schedule.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/oct/01/yorkshire-lockdown-gold-all-creatures-great-and-small-channel-5-tv-our-farm|title=Yorkshire, Yorkshire, everywhere! How Channel 5 scored lockdown viewing gold|date=1 October 2020|first=Julian |last=Coman|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=2 October 2020|archive-date=21 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021133539/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2020/oct/01/yorkshire-lockdown-gold-all-creatures-great-and-small-channel-5-tv-our-farm|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nymr.co.uk/pages/category/the-yorkshire-steam-railway-all-aboard-season-3|title=The Yorkshire Steam Railway: All Aboard: Season 3|date=20 February 2020 |publisher=North York Moors Historical Railway Trust – NYMR|access-date=2 October 2020|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216145456/https://www.nymr.co.uk/pages/category/the-yorkshire-steam-railway-all-aboard-season-3|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[West Yorkshire]] has particularly benefited from a great deal of production activity.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.northlightfilmstudios.co.uk/productions-at-north-light-film-studios/ |title=Productions at North Light Film Studios |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2017 |website=North Light Film Studios |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211075224/http://www.northlightfilmstudios.co.uk/productions-at-north-light-film-studios/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Film & TV |url=http://www.examiner.co.uk/whats-on/film-tv |newspaper=Examiner |location=Huddersfield |date=29 October 2016 |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-date=14 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161114171919/http://www.examiner.co.uk/whats-on/film-tv/ |url-status=live }}</ref> For example, portions of the BBC television series ''[[Happy Valley (TV series)|Happy Valley]]'' and ''Last Tango in Halifax'' were filmed in the area, in Huddersfield and other cities; in addition to exteriors, some of the studio filming for ''Happy Valley'' was done at North Light Film Studios at Brookes Mill, Huddersfield. Although set in the fictional town of Denton, popular ITV detective series ''[[A Touch Of Frost]]'' was filmed in Yorkshire, mainly in and around Leeds. The BBC's ''[[Jamaica Inn (2014 TV series)|Jamaica Inn]]'' and ''[[Remember Me (TV series)|Remember Me]]'' and the ITV series ''[[Black Work]]'' were also filmed at the studios and in nearby West Yorkshire locations.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ballinger |first=Lauren |date=5 December 2014 |title=North Light Film Studios – Remember Me filming locations |url=http://www.examiner.co.uk/news/west-yorkshire-news/north-light-film-studios---8234505 |newspaper=Examiner |location=Huddersfield |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-date=11 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211080248/http://www.examiner.co.uk/news/west-yorkshire-news/north-light-film-studios---8234505 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2013/nov/03/sally-wainwright-last-tango-halifax | title=Sally Wainwright: not the same old | work=The Guardian | date=3 November 2013 | access-date=19 January 2014 | last=Rees | first=Caroline | archive-date=3 February 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203112658/http://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2013/nov/03/sally-wainwright-last-tango-halifax | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2013-12-11/last-tango-in-halifax-actress-sarah-lancashire-begins-shooting-new-crime-drama-in-yorkshire | title=Last Tango in Halifax actress Sarah Lancashire begins shooting new crime drama in Yorkshire | work=Radio Times | date=11 December 2013 | access-date=19 January 2014 | last=Bremner | first=Jade | archive-date=9 February 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209012415/http://www.radiotimes.com/news/2013-12-11/last-tango-in-halifax-actress-sarah-lancashire-begins-shooting-new-crime-drama-in-yorkshire | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.creativeengland.co.uk/index.php/2014/creative-england-provides-filming-location-and-crew-support-to-new-bbc-drama-happy-valley-when-filming-in-yorkshire/ | title=Creative England provides filming location and crew support to new BBC drama Happy Valley when filming in Yorkshire | work=Creative England | date=29 April 2014 | access-date=12 June 2014 | archive-date=30 May 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530113921/http://www.creativeengland.co.uk/index.php/2014/creative-england-provides-filming-location-and-crew-support-to-new-bbc-drama-happy-valley-when-filming-in-yorkshire/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> More recently, many of the exteriors of the BBC series ''[[Jericho (2016 TV series)|Jericho]]'' were filmed at the nearby Rockingstone Quarry, and some interior work was done at North Light Film Studios.<ref>{{cite news |last=Gildea |first=Samantha |date=1 February 2016 |title=Jericho filming locations |url=http://www.examiner.co.uk/news/tv/jericho-filming-locations-take-video-10706918 |newspaper=Examiner |location=Huddersfield |access-date=10 February 2017 |archive-date=16 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161116054954/http://www.examiner.co.uk/news/tv/jericho-filming-locations-take-video-10706918 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Film productions===
Several noted films are set in Yorkshire, including ''[[Kes (film)|Kes]]'', ''[[This Sporting Life]]'', ''[[Room at the Top (1959 film)|Room at the Top]]'', ''[[Brassed Off]]'', ''[[Mischief Night (2006 film)|Mischief Night]]'', ''[[Rita, Sue and Bob Too]]'', ''[[The Damned United]]'', ''[[Four Lions]]'', ''[[God's Own Country (2017 film)|God's Own Country]]'' and ''[[Calendar Girls]]''. ''[[The Full Monty]]'', a comedy film set in Sheffield, won an [[Academy Award]] and was voted the second-best British film of all time by [[Asian News International]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://in.news.yahoo.com/070724/139/6iho5.html|publisher=Yahoo!|title=Monty Python's 'Life of Brian' tops Best British Movie list|access-date=25 October 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080105090427/http://in.news.yahoo.com/070724/139/6iho5.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 5 January 2008}}</ref>