Editing Seville (section)

==Economy==
[[File:Avenida de la Constitucion Sevilla.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Avenida de la Constitución]]
Seville is the most populated city in southern Spain, and has the largest GDP (gross domestic product) of any in Andalusia,<ref name="ABC de Sevilla">{{cite web|url= http://www.abcdesevilla.es/hemeroteca/historico-20-02-2005/sevilla/Andalucia/sevilla-aporta-la-cuarta-parte-del-pib-y-es-la-capital-economica-de-andalucia_20734816682.html|archive-url= https://archive.today/20130213034945/http://www.abcdesevilla.es/hemeroteca/historico-20-02-2005/sevilla/Andalucia/sevilla-aporta-la-cuarta-parte-del-pib-y-es-la-capital-economica-de-andalucia_20734816682.html|archive-date= 13 February 2013|title= Sevilla aporta la cuarta parte del PIB y es la capital económica de Andalucía|publisher= ABC de Sevilla|date= 20 February 2005}}</ref> accounting for one-quarter of its total GDP.<ref name="ABC de Sevilla"/> All municipalities in the metropolitan area depend directly or indirectly on Seville's economy, while agriculture dominates the economy of the smaller villages, with some industrial activity localised in industrial parks. The ''Diputación de Sevilla'' (Deputation of Seville), with provincial headquarters in the Antiguo Cuartel de Caballería (Old Cavalry Barracks) on Avenida Menendez Pelayo, provides public services to distant villages that they can not provide themselves.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dipusevilla.es/actualidad/noticias/noticia_0553.html|title=Rodríguez Villalobos afirma que los pequeños municipios necesitan una figura supramunicipal para poder prestar servicios públicos|publisher=Diputación de Sevilla|access-date=24 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120706221108/http://www.dipusevilla.es/actualidad/noticias/noticia_0553.html|archive-date=6 July 2012}}</ref>

The economic activity of Seville cannot be detached from the geographical and urban context of the city; the capital of Andalusia is the centre of a growing metropolitan area. Aside from traditional neighbourhoods such as Santa Cruz, Triana and others, those further away from the centre, such as [[Nervión, Seville|Nervión]], Sevilla Este, and El Porvenir have seen recent economic growth. Until the economic crisis of 2007, this urban area saw significant population growth and the development of new industrial and commercial parks.<ref>{{cite web|title=Atlas de la provincia de Sevilla|url=http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/inicio2.htm|work=Map:Innovación tecnológica|publisher=Diputación de Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623070103/http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/inicio2.htm|archive-date=23 June 2013}}</ref>

During this period, availability of infrastructure in the city contributed to the growth of an economy dominated by the service sector,<ref>{{cite web|title=Atlas de la provincia de Sevilla|url=http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/inicio2.htm|work=Map:Empleo en el sector terciario|publisher=Diputación de Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623070103/http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/inicio2.htm|archive-date=23 June 2013}}</ref> but in which industry still holds a considerable place.<ref>{{cite web|title=Atlas de la provincia de Sevilla|url=http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/5_industria/industrial/imagenes/25actividad_industrial_400000.pdf|work=Map:Industrial actividad|publisher=Diputación de Sevilla, Junta de Andalucía|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704120550/http://3web.dipusevilla.es/atlasnuevo/5_industria/industrial/imagenes/25actividad_industrial_400000.pdf|archive-date=4 July 2012}}</ref>

===Infrastructure===
[[File:Centro Comercial Torre Sevilla (3).jpg|thumb|upright=0.85|[[Cajasol Tower|Sevilla Tower]] on the Isla de La Cartuja, designed by the architect [[César Pelli]]]]
The 1990s saw massive growth in investment in infrastructure in Seville, largely due to its hosting of the [[Seville Expo '92|Universal Exposition of Seville]] in 1992. This economic development of the city and its urban area is supported by good transportation links to other Spanish cities, including a high-speed [[AVE]] railway connection to Madrid, and a new international [[San Pablo Airport|airport]].

Seville has the only inland port in Spain, located {{convert|80|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} from the mouth of the River Guadalquivir. This harbour complex offers access to the Atlantic and the Mediterranean and allows trade in goods between the south of Spain (Andalusia, [[Extremadura]]) and Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. The port has undergone reorganisation. Annual [[tonnage]] rose to 5.3&nbsp;million tonnes of goods in 2006.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://portal.apsevilla.com/wps/portal/estadistica |title=Autoridad Portuaria de Sevilla |language=es |website=Portal.apsevilla.com |date=1 January 1980 |access-date=24 November 2016 |archive-date=25 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161125110156/http://portal.apsevilla.com/wps/portal/estadistica }}</ref>

[[Cartuja 93]] is a research and development park,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cartuja93.es |title=PCTCartuja – Inicio |website=Cartuja93.es |access-date=24 November 2016}}</ref> employing 15,000 persons. The ''Parque Tecnológico y Aeronáutico Aerópolis'' (Technological and Aeronautical Park)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeropolis.es/en/|title=Aerópolis – Inicio |website=aeropolis.es |access-date=6 August 2021}}</ref> is focused on the aircraft industry. Outside of Seville are nine [[PS20 solar power towers]] which use the city's sunny weather to provide most of it with clean and renewable energy.

The [[Sevilla Tower]] skyscraper was started in March 2008 and was completed in 2015. With a height of {{convert|180.5|m|abbr=off}} and 40 [[Storey|floors]], it is the tallest building in [[Andalusia]].

Seville has conference facilities, including the [[FIBES Conference and Exhibition Centre|Conference and Convention Centre]].

[[File:HEINEKEN MARCOROJO179.jpg|thumb|[[Heineken]] brewery in Seville]]

===Research and development===
The ''Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas en Sevilla'' (CSIC) is based in the former [[Peruvian pavilion, Seville|Pavilion of Peru]] in the [[Maria Luisa Park]]. In April 2008 the city council of Seville provided a grant to renovate the building to create the ''[[La Casa de la Ciencia|Casa de la Ciencia]]'' (Science Centre) to encourage popular interest in science.<ref name="Gordillo1998">{{cite book|author=Guadalupe Trigueros Gordillo|title=La Universidad de Sevilla Durante El Sexenio Revolucionario|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oKN1mnGU2nEC|access-date=8 February 2013|year=1998|publisher=Universidad de Sevilla|isbn=978-84-472-0417-5|page=96}}</ref> The internationally recognised company ''Neocodex'' has its headquarters in Seville; it maintains the first and largest [[DNA bank]] in Spain and has made significant contributions to scientific research in genetics.<ref name="Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News: GEN.">{{cite book|title=Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News: GEN.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dZ4UAQAAMAAJ|access-date=8 February 2013|year=2007|publisher=GEN Pub.|page=15}}</ref> Seville is also considered an important technological and research centre for renewable energy and the aeronautics industry.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.nrel.gov/csp/solarpaces/project_detail.cfm/projectID=38 |title= Planta Solar 10 |date= 21 April 2009 |work= Concentrating Solar Power Projects |publisher=[[National Renewable Energy Laboratory]] (NREL), [[United States Department of Energy|U.S. Dept. of Energy]] (DOE)|access-date= 20 March 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=Marchese, Marco|author2=Jonathan Potter|title=Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local Development in Andalusia, Spain |website=Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |year=2011|quote="...others in the region are rather sector-oriented (e.g. Seville's Aerópolis specialised in the aeronautics industry or Granada's based on health sciences.)|url=http://www.oecd.org/regional/leed/46970408.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.oecd.org/regional/leed/46970408.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The output of the research centres in Sevillan universities working in tandem with city government, and the numerous local technology companies, have made Seville a leader among Spanish cities in technological [[research and development]]. The ''Parque Científico Tecnológico Cartuja 93'' is a nexus of private and public investment in various fields of research.<ref name="MonclúsFraga2006">{{cite book|author1=Francisco Javier Monclús|author2=Francisco Javier Monclús Fraga|title=Exposiciones internacionales y urbanismo: El proyecto Expo Zaragoza 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2d6KJ2VnfAkC|access-date=6 February 2013|year=2006|publisher=Univ. Politèc. de Catalunya|isbn=978-84-8301-893-4|page=106}}</ref>

Principal fields of innovation and research are telecommunications, new technologies, biotechnology (with applications in local agricultural practices), environment and renewable energy.