Editing Paris (section)

===Transport===
{{Main|Transport in Paris}}
[[File:Eurostar_Paris_Gare_du_Nord_Station,_8_October_2011.jpg|thumb|The [[Gare du Nord]] railway station is the busiest in Europe.]]
Paris is a major rail, highway, and air transport hub. The [[Île-de-France Mobilités]] (IDFM) oversees the transit network in the region.<ref name="stif">{{cite web |url=http://www.stif-idf.fr |title=Le web des voyageurs franciliens |author=Syndicat des Transports d'Île-de-France (STIF) |access-date=10 April 2006 |language=fr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411124843/http://www.stif-idf.fr/ |archive-date=11 April 2006}}</ref> The syndicate coordinates public transport. The [[RATP Group|RATP]] operates 347 [[Bus (RATP)|bus]] lines, the [[Paris Métro|Métro]], eight tramway lines, and sections of the RER. The [[SNCF]] operates suburban rails, one tramway line and the other sections of the RER. The [[Optile]] consortium of private operators manages 1,176 bus lines.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.optile.com/notre-mission/ |title=Optile en bref |publisher=Optile |access-date=27 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208081030/http://www.optile.com/notre-mission/ |archive-date=8 December 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Paris has one of the most [[Sustainable transport|sustainable]] transportation systems in the world,<ref name=ICLEI>{{cite web |last1=Zhang |first1=Yiqian |title=Paris leads the way for sustainable urban mobility |url=https://sustainablemobility.iclei.org/paris-leads-the-way-for-sustainable-mobility/ |website=ICLEI – Sustainable Mobility, 2024 |date=26 November 2019 |access-date=7 January 2024 |archive-date=7 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107143059/https://sustainablemobility.iclei.org/paris-leads-the-way-for-sustainable-mobility/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Vigneau |first1=Laurent |title=On foot or by bike? While Paris walks, Amsterdam pedals |url=https://medium.com/la-fabrique-de-la-cit%C3%A9/on-foot-or-by-bike-while-paris-walks-amsterdam-pedals-17d64623b464 |website=Medium |date=30 May 2018 |publisher=La Fabrique de la Cité |access-date=13 May 2020 |archive-date=7 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807154741/https://medium.com/la-fabrique-de-la-cit%C3%A9/on-foot-or-by-bike-while-paris-walks-amsterdam-pedals-17d64623b464 |url-status=live }}</ref> and is one of only two cities that received the [[Sustainable Transport Award]] twice, in 2008 and 2023.<ref name=Award>{{cite web |title=Paris, France Honored with the 2023 Sustainable Transport Award |url=https://www.itdp.org/2023/01/10/paris-2023-sustainable-transport-award/ |website=Institute for Transportation & Development policy |date=10 January 2023 |access-date=7 January 2024 |archive-date=7 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240107142955/https://www.itdp.org/2023/01/10/paris-2023-sustainable-transport-award/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2022–2023, 53.3% of trips in Paris were made on foot, 30% on public transport, 11.2% on bicycles and 4.3% on cars.<ref>{{cite news |title=Bikes overtake cars as means of transport in Paris |url=https://www.thelocal.fr/20240412/bikes-overtake-cars-as-means-of-transport-in-paris |access-date=15 May 2024 |agency=[[The Local]]|publisher=AFP |date=12 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240515153251/https://www.thelocal.fr/20240412/bikes-overtake-cars-as-means-of-transport-in-paris |archive-date=15 May 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Frost |first1=Rosie |title=Cycling is now more popular than driving in the centre of Paris, study finds |url=https://www.euronews.com/green/2024/04/12/cycling-is-now-more-popular-than-driving-in-the-centre-of-paris-study-finds |access-date=15 May 2024 |agency=Euronews |date=12 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240619165308/https://www.euronews.com/green/2024/04/12/cycling-is-now-more-popular-than-driving-in-the-centre-of-paris-study-finds |archive-date=19 June 2024}}</ref> Bike lanes are being doubled, and electric car incentives are being created. Paris is banning the most polluting automobiles from key districts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=5 reasons the world looks to Europe's cities |url=https://www.eib.org/en/stories/future-european-cities |access-date=7 June 2021 |website=European Investment Bank |language=en |archive-date=7 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607154103/https://www.eib.org/en/stories/future-european-cities |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McMahon |first=Jeff |title=How Bike Lanes Are Transforming Paris |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffmcmahon/2019/12/28/how-bike-lanes-are-transforming-paris/ |access-date=7 June 2021 |website=Forbes |language=en |archive-date=7 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210607154047/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffmcmahon/2019/12/28/how-bike-lanes-are-transforming-paris/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The concept of the [[15-minute city]] was created by [[Carlos Moreno (urbanist)]] a professor from Paris and began to be implemented by its mayor [[Anne Hidalgo]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Maassen |first1=Anne |title=Paris’ Vision for a ‘15-Minute City’ Sparks a Global Movement |url=https://www.wri.org/insights/paris-15-minute-city |website=World Resource Institute |access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref>

==== Walking ====
Walking is the most popular mode of transportation in Paris accounting for 53% of all trips in 2024.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Walker |first1=Jim |title=Why walking and public transport must be integrated |url=https://www.uitp.org/news/why-walking-and-public-transport-must-be-integrated/ |website=The International Association for public transport. |access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref> In the Grand Paris metropolis walking is also the most popular way of moving. The number of trips made by foot increased by 50% from the year 2000 to 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mobility changes in Greater Paris -Grand Paris- Historical trends, current and emerging developments |url=https://www.apur.org/en/our-works/mobility-changes-greater-paris-grand-paris-historical-trends-current-and-emerging-developments |website=Apur, the Paris Urbanism Agency |access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref> Paris is considered a [[walkable]] city and try to increase [[walkability]] more.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Limb |first1=Lottie |title=The time of the whole car city is over’: How is Paris encouraging walking and cycling? |url=https://www.euronews.com/green/2024/06/16/the-time-of-the-whole-car-city-is-over-how-is-paris-encouraging-walking-and-cycling |access-date=4 April 2025 |agency=Euronews |date=16 June 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Peters |first1=Adele |title=How Paris became a 15-minute city |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/91119919/how-paris-became-a-15-minute-city |website=Fast Company |access-date=4 April 2025}}</ref>
====Railways====
{{See also|List of Paris railway stations}}
{{main|Paris Métro|Réseau Express Régional|Transilien|Tramways in Île-de-France}}
[[File:Paris - Station de métro Abbesses - PA00086748 - 001.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Paris Métro]] is the busiest subway network in the European Union.]]

A central hub of the national rail network, Paris's six major railway stations ([[Gare du Nord]], [[Gare de l'Est]], [[Gare de Lyon]], [[Gare d'Austerlitz]], [[Gare Montparnasse]], [[Gare Saint-Lazare]]) and a minor one ([[Gare de Bercy]]) are connected to three networks: [[high-speed rail]] lines ([[TGV]], [[Eurostar]], [[Intercity Express]], [[Frecciarossa]]), normal speed trains ([[Intercités]], [[Intercités de nuit]], [[Nightjet]], [[Transport express régional|TER]]), and the suburban rails ([[Transilien]]). The Transilien is the [[commuter rail]] network serving [[Île-de-France|Paris region]], through 9 lines, 392 stations and {{cvt|1,294|km|mi|1}} of rails.

Since the inauguration of its first line in 1900, Paris's Métro network has grown to become the city's most widely used local transport system. In 2015, it carried about 5.23 million passengers daily.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ratp.fr/en/ratp/c_5043/metro/ |title=Métro2030, notre nouveau métro de Paris |publisher=RATP |access-date=27 November 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160101095822/http://www.ratp.fr/en/ratp/c_5043/metro/ |archive-date=1 January 2016}}</ref> There are 16 lines, 321 stations (405 stops) and {{cvt|245.6|km|mi|1}} of rails. Superimposed on this is a "[[Réseau Express Régional|regional express network]]", the RER, whose five lines, 257 stops and {{cvt|602|km|mi|0}} of rails connect Paris to more distant parts of the urban area. With over 1.4 million passengers per day [[RER A]] is the busiest metro line in Europe. The [[Île-de-France|Paris region]] is served by [[Tramways in Île-de-France|a light rail network, the tramway]]. Opened since 1992, fifteen lines are operational. The network is {{convert|196.6|km|mi}} long, with 283 stations.

====Air====
[[File:CDG P1020431.JPG|thumb|In 2023, [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]] was the third-busiest airport in Europe and the eleventh-busiest airport in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR_2023.pdf|title=2023 Airport Traffic Report|work=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey|date=April 2024|page=32}}</ref>]]

Paris is a major international air transport hub, and the [[World's busiest city airport systems by passenger traffic|5th busiest airport system in the world]]. Paris is served by three commercial international airports: [[Charles de Gaulle Airport]], [[Orly Airport]] and [[Beauvais–Tillé Airport]]. In 2019, these three airports recorded traffic of 112 million passengers.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/Bulletin_Statistique_2014.pdf |title=Bulletin statistique, trafic aérien commercial – année 2014 |page=15 |publisher=Direction générale de l'Aviation civile |access-date=28 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329083555/http://www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/Bulletin_Statistique_2014.pdf |archive-date=29 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> There is also one [[general aviation]] airport, [[Paris–Le Bourget Airport]], historically the oldest Parisian airport and closest to the city centre, which is now used only for private business flights and air shows. Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.side.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/EXPLOITATION/DEFAULT/doc/IFD/IFD_REFDOC_TEMIS_0077449/trafic-aeroportuaire-1986-2012-flux-de-trafic-commercial-1986-2012 |title=Trafic aéroportuaire 1986–2013 |pages=15–17 |publisher=Direction générale de l'Aviation civile |access-date=27 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170444/http://www.side.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/EXPLOITATION/DEFAULT/doc/IFD/IFD_REFDOC_TEMIS_0077449/trafic-aeroportuaire-1986-2012-flux-de-trafic-commercial-1986-2012 |archive-date=5 April 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2023, it was the [[List of busiest airports by international passenger traffic|4th busiest airport in the world by international traffic]] and it is the hub for the nation's [[flag carrier]], [[Air France]].{{sfn|Lawrence|Gondrand|2010|pp=278–283}} Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located {{cvt|69|km|abbr=off}} north of Paris's city centre, is used by charter airlines and [[low-cost carriers]].

====Motorways====
[[File:Boulevard_Périphérique_vu_depuis_Boulevard_Auteuil_-_Paris_XVI_(FR75)_-_2021-08-11_-_3.jpg|thumb|The [[Boulevard Périphérique]]]]
Paris is the most important hub of France's [[motorway]] network, and is surrounded by three orbital freeways: the [[Périphérique (Paris)|Périphérique]],{{sfn|Lawrence|Gondrand|2010|p=69}} which follows the approximate path of 19th-century fortifications around Paris, the [[A86 autoroute|A86]] motorway in the inner suburbs, and the [[Francilienne]] motorway in the outer suburbs. Paris has an extensive road network with over {{cvt|2000|km|mi|0}} of highways and motorways.

====Waterways====
The Paris region is the most active water transport area in France. Most of the cargo is handled by the [[Autonomous Port of Paris|Ports of Paris]], in facilities located around Paris. The rivers [[Loire]], [[Rhine]], [[Rhône]], [[Meuse]], and [[Scheldt]] can be reached by canals connecting with the Seine, which include the [[Canal Saint-Martin]], [[Canal Saint-Denis]], and the Canal de l'Ourcq.{{sfn|Jefferson|2009|p=114}}

====Cycling====
[[File:Station Velib DSC 3497.JPG|thumb|[[Vélib']] at the [[Place de la Bastille]]]]
There are {{cvt|440|km}} of [[Cycling in Paris|cycle paths and routes]] in Paris. These include ''piste cyclable'', bike lanes separated from other traffic by physical barriers, and ''bande cyclable'', a bicycle lane denoted by a painted path on the road). Some {{cvt|29|km}} of specially marked bus lanes are free for use by cyclists, with a protective barrier against encroachments from vehicles.{{sfn|Hart|2004|p=355}} Cyclists have the right to ride in both directions on certain one-way streets. Paris has a [[community bicycle program|bike sharing]] system called [[Vélib']] with more than 20,000 public bicycles distributed at 1,800 parking stations.{{sfn|Rand|2010|p=165}}