Editing Pakistan (section)

== Culture ==
{{Main|Culture of Pakistan|British heritage of Pakistan|Public holidays in Pakistan}}
[[File:Ceiling of Frere Hall.jpg|thumb|Artwork by [[Sadequain]] on the ceiling of [[Frere Hall]]. Having painted around 15,000 paintings, Sadequain is considered one of the finest painters and calligraphers Pakistan has ever produced.]]

[[Culture of Pakistan|Civil society]] in Pakistan is hierarchical, emphasizing [[Etiquette in Pakistan|local cultural etiquette]] and traditional Islamic values. The primary family unit is the [[extended family]], but there's a rising trend towards [[nuclear families]] due to socio-economic factors.<ref name="nuclear">{{cite web |url=http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/pakistan.html |title=Pakistan- Language, Religion, Culture, Customs and Etiquette |publisher=Kwint Essential|access-date=17 March 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090323000308/http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/global-etiquette/pakistan.html |archive-date=23 March 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Anwar Alam |title=Factors and Consequences of Nuclearization of Family at Hayatabad Phase-II, Peshawar |journal=Sarhad J. Agric. |year=2008 |volume=24 |url=http://www.aup.edu.pk/sj_pdf/FACTORS%20AND%20CONSEQUENCES%20OF%20NUCLEARIZATION.pdf |access-date=21 April 2012 |issue=3 |archive-date=11 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190411211512/http://www.aup.edu.pk/sj_pdf/FACTORS%20AND%20CONSEQUENCES%20OF%20NUCLEARIZATION.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Both men and women typically wear ''[[Shalwar Kameez]]''; men also favor trousers, jeans, and shirts.<ref name="taxila">{{cite book |author1=Sarina Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zn8I4qEew9oC |title=Pakistan & the Karakoram Highway |author2=Lindsay Brow |author3=Paul Clammer |author4=Rodney Cocks |author5=John Mock |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-74104-542-0 |pages=60, 128, 376}}</ref> The middle class has grown to about 35&nbsp;million, with another 17&nbsp;million in the upper and upper-middle classes, leading to a shift in power from rural landowners to urban elites.<ref>{{cite web |title=The rise of Mehran man |url=http://archives.dawn.com/archives/19124 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125011513/http://news.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/the-newspaper/columnists/irfan-husain-the-rise-of-mehran-man-740 |archive-date=25 November 2010 |website=Dawn |location=Pakistan News |author=Irfan Husain |date=17 April 2010|access-date=25 July 2010}}</ref> Festivals like ''[[Eid ul-Fitr]]'', ''[[Eid ul-Azha]]'', [[Ramadan]], [[Christmas]], [[Easter]], [[Holi]], and [[Diwali]] are primarily religious.<ref name="nuclear" /> Pakistan ranked 56th on the 2006 [[A.T. Kearney]]/FP [[Globalization Index]] due to increasing globalization.<ref>{{cite web |title=A.T. Kearney/Foreign Policy Magazine Globalization Index 2006 |url=https://www.ucg.ac.me/skladiste/blog_2607/objava_31363/fajlovi/global06index.pdf |publisher=A.T. Kearney |date=Nov–Dec 2006 |page=77|access-date=15 April 2025 |via=University of Montenegro}}</ref>

=== Architecture ===
{{Main|Pakistani architecture|Hindu, Jain and Buddhist architectural heritage of Pakistan}}
[[File: Lahore Fort.jpg|thumb|The [[Lahore Fort]], a landmark built during the Mughal era, is a [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]]|left]]

Four periods define Pakistani architecture: [[History of Pakistan#Early history|pre-Islamic]], [[History of Pakistan#Muslim period|Islamic]], [[History of Pakistan#Colonial era|colonial]], and [[History of Pakistan#Independence|post-colonial]]. The onset of the [[Indus civilization]] around the mid-3rd millennium BCE heralded an urban culture, evidenced by surviving large structures.<ref>{{cite web |author=Vidja Dehejia |title=South Asian Art and Culture |url=http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/sasa/hd_sasa.htm |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art|date=February 2007 |access-date=10 February 2008}}</ref> Notable pre-Islamic settlements include [[Mohenjo-daro]], [[Harappa]], and [[Kot Diji]].<ref name="mountains">{{cite web |url=http://www.tourism.gov.pk/mountain.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061110014044/http://www.tourism.gov.pk/mountain.html |archive-date=10 November 2006 |title=PTDC page on mountaineering |publisher=Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation|access-date=10 November 2006}}</ref> The fusion of Buddhism and [[Indian campaign of Alexander the Great|Greek]] influences birthed a distinctive [[Greco-Buddhism|Greco-Buddhist]] style from the 1st century CE, exemplified by the renowned [[Gandara art|Gandhara style]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Maity|first=Sachindra Kumar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=x8Iz5C5auqEC&pg=PA46|title=Cultural Heritage of Ancient India|date=1983|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-0-391-02809-8}}</ref> Notable [[Buddhist architecture|Buddhist architectural]] remnants include the [[Takht-i-Bahi]] monastery in [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]].<ref>{{cite web |title=UNESCO Advisory Body Evaluation of Takht Bhai |publisher=International Council on Monuments and Sites |pages=1–2 |url=https://whc.unesco.org/archive/advisory_body_evaluation/140.pdf |date=29 December 1979|access-date=25 July 2010}}</ref>

The advent of Islam in present-day Pakistan marked the cessation of Buddhist architecture, ushering in [[Islamic architecture]]. The notable [[Indo-Islamic architecture|Indo-Islamic]] structure, the [[Rukn-e-Alam|tomb of Shah Rukn-i-Alam]] in Multan, remains significant. During the Mughal era, Persian-Islamic design merged with Hindustani art, seen in Lahore's architectural gems like the [[Badshahi Mosque]] and the [[Lahore Fort]] with the iconic [[Alamgiri Gate]]. Lahore also boasts the vibrant [[Wazir Khan Mosque]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Valentine|first=Simon Ross|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MdRth02Q6nAC&pg=PA63|title=Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice|date=2008|publisher=Hurst & Company|isbn=978-1-85065-916-7}}</ref> and the lush [[Shalimar Gardens (Lahore)|Shalimar Gardens]]. In the British colonial period, Indo-European buildings emerged, blending European and Indian-Islamic styles. Post-colonial identity shines through modern landmarks like the [[Faisal Mosque]], [[Minar-e-Pakistan]], and [[Mazar-e-Quaid]]. [[Architecture of the United Kingdom|British architectural]] influence persists in structures across Lahore, Peshawar, and Karachi.<ref>{{cite book |author=Kamil Khan Mumtaz |title=Architecture in Pakistan |year=1985 |publisher=Concept Media Pte Ltd |isbn=978-9971-84-141-6 |pages=32, 51, 160}}</ref>

=== Clothing, arts, and fashion ===
{{Main|Pakistani clothing|Shalwar kameez|Sherwani|Jinnah cap|Peshawari chappal|Pakol|Sindhi topi}}
[[File:Traditional clothing from Sindh.jpg|thumb|A depiction of traditional clothing of women from [[Sindh]]]]
The ''[[Shalwar kameez]]'' is Pakistan's [[national dress]], worn in all provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Azad Kashmir. Each province has its own style. Pakistanis wear a variety of fabrics like silk, [[chiffon (fabric)|chiffon]], and cotton. In addition to the national dress, men often wear domestically tailored suits and [[necktie]]s, especially in offices, schools, and social gatherings.<ref>{{cite book|author1=Stephanie Koerner|author2=Ian Russell|title=Unquiet Pasts: Risk Society, Lived Cultural Heritage, Re-designing Reflexivity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7li2jpQgYvAC&pg=PA382|year=2010|publisher=Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.|isbn=978-0-7546-7548-8|page=382}}</ref>

Pakistan's [[Pakistani clothing|fashion industry]] has thrived, blending traditional and modern styles to create a unique cultural identity. Regional and traditional dress remain significant symbols of native tradition, evolving into both modern and purer forms. Organizations like the Pakistan Fashion Design Council in [[Lahore]] and the Fashion Pakistan Council in [[Karachi]] host events like [[PFDC Sunsilk Fashion Week|PFDC Fashion Week]] and [[Fashion Pakistan Week]]. Pakistan's inaugural fashion week took place in November 2009.<ref>{{cite news |author=Michele Langevine Leiby |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/in-pakistan-fashion-weeks-thrive-beyond-the-style-capitals-of-the-world/2012/04/24/gIQAt3qcgT_story.html |title=In Pakistan, fashion weeks thrive beyond the style capitals of the world |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |date=25 April 2012|access-date=20 April 2013}}</ref>

=== Literature and philosophy ===
{{Main|Literature of Pakistan|Urdu poetry|Pakistani philosophy}}
[[File:Iqbal.jpg|thumb|upright=0.65|alt=Muhammad Iqbal|[[Muhammad Iqbal]], Pakistan's national poet who conceived the [[Conception of Pakistan|idea]] of Pakistan]]

Pakistan boasts literature in various languages including [[Urdu literature|Urdu]], [[Sindhi literature|Sindhi]], [[Punjabi literature|Punjabi]], [[Pashto literature and poetry|Pashto]], [[Balochi Academy|Baluchi]], [[Persian literature|Persian]], [[Pakistani English literature|English]], and more.<ref>{{cite book |author=Alamgir Hashmi |editor=Radhika Mohanram |others=Gita Rajan |title=English postcoloniality: literatures from around the world |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H_uwA78YZDoC&pg=PA107|year=1996 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-313-28854-8 |pages=107–112}}</ref> The [[Pakistan Academy of Letters]] actively promotes literature and poetry both domestically and internationally.<ref>Official website in English [http://pal.gov.pk/home/ Pakistan Academy of Letters] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130306135947/http://pal.gov.pk/home/ |date=6 March 2013}}</ref> [[National Library of Pakistan|National Library]] contributes to literary dissemination. Historically, Pakistani literature consisted mainly of [[lyric poetry|lyric]], [[Sufi poetry|religious]], and [[Pakistani folklore|folkloric]] works, later diversifying under colonial influence into prose fiction, now widely embraced.<ref>{{cite web |author=Gilani Kamran |title=Pakistani Literature{{Snd}} Evolution & trends |url=http://www.the-south-asian.com/Jan2002/Pakistani-Literature3-the-Novel.htm |publisher=The South Asian Magazine |date=January 2002|access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref><ref name="granta">{{cite web |author=Huma Imtiaz |title=Granta: The global reach of Pakistani literature |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/53272/granta-the-global-reach-of-pakistani-literature/ |website=The Express Tribune |date=26 September 2010|access-date=24 December 2011}}</ref>

The [[List of national poets|national poet]] of Pakistan, [[Muhammad Iqbal]], wrote influential poetry in Urdu and Persian, advocating for Islamic civilizational revival.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |author=Annemarie Schimmel |title=Iqbal, Muhammad |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Iranica |date=15 December 2004 |url=http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/iqbal-muhammad |access-date=1 January 2012}}</ref> Notable figures in contemporary Urdu literature include [[Josh Malihabadi]], [[Faiz Ahmed Faiz]], and [[Saadat Hasan Manto]].<ref name="granta" /> Popular Sufi poets like [[Shah Abdul Latif]] and [[Bulleh Shah]] are revered.<ref>{{Cite news |author=Muhammad Zahid Rifat |title=Paying tributes to popular Sufi poets |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-268638505.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117074308/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-268638505.html |archive-date=17 January 2013 |newspaper=The Nation|date=3 October 2011|access-date=25 December 2011}}</ref> [[Mirza Kalich Beg]] is hailed as the father of modern Sindhi prose.<ref>{{cite book |title=L.H. Ajwani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dL5owdAV5TcC&pg=PA50 |publisher=Sahitya Akademi|author=Chetan Karnani |year=2003 |isbn=978-81-260-1664-8 |page=50}}</ref> Pakistani philosophy has been shaped by influences from British and American philosophy, with notable figures like [[M. M. Sharif]] contributing to its development.<ref>{{cite web |display-authors=etal |author=Richard V. DeSemet |title=Philosophical Activities in Pakistan:1947–1961 |url=http://www.crvp.org/book/Series02/IIA-3/appendix.htm |website=Work published by Pakistan Philosophical Congress |access-date=25 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509105450/http://www.crvp.org/book/Series02/IIA-3/appendix.htm |archive-date=9 May 2013}}</ref> Post-1971, Marxist thought gained prominence in Pakistani philosophy through figures like [[Jalaludin Abdur Rahim]].<ref>{{cite book |editor-last1=Ahmad |editor-first1=Naeem |title=Philosophy in Pakistan |date=1998 |publisher=Council for Research in Values and Philosophy |location=Washington, DC |isbn=978-1-56518-108-3}}</ref>

=== Media and entertainment ===
{{Main|Mass media in Pakistan|Cinema of Pakistan|Music of Pakistan|History of Pakistani pop music|Theatre of Pakistan|Pakistani dramas}}

The private [[List of newspapers in Pakistan|print media]], state-owned [[Pakistan Television Corporation]] (PTV), and [[Pakistan Broadcasting Corporation]] (PBC) dominated media until the 21st century. Pakistan now boasts a vast network of domestic, privately owned 24-hour [[List of television channels in Pakistan|news media]] and [[Television in Pakistan|television channels]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.mediasupport.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/ims-media-pakistan-radicalisation-2009.pdf |title=Media in Pakistan |publisher=International Media Support |pages=14–16, 21 |access-date=10 August 2020 |date=July 2009}}</ref> [[Reporters Without Borders]] has indicated pressure faced by Pakistani reporters, particularly when reporting against the army or government.<ref name="RSF" /> The BBC describes Pakistani media as "among the most outspoken in South Asia".<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-12965785 |title=Pakistan profile{{Snd}} Media |work=BBC News |access-date=23 April 2016|date=2 March 2017}}</ref> Pakistani media has been instrumental in exposing corruption.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mediasupport.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/ims-media-pakistan-radicalisation-2009.pdf |title={{Not a typo|Between radicalisation and democratisation in an unfolding conflict: Media in Pakistan}}|publisher=International Media Support|date=July 2009|access-date=10 August 2020}}</ref>

The [[Lollywood]], Punjabi, and [[Pashto cinema|Pashto]] film industry is centered in Karachi, Lahore, and Peshawar. Although Bollywood films were banned from public cinemas from 1965 to 2008, they remained influential in Pakistani popular culture.<ref>{{cite news |last=Randhava |first=Naseem |title=Bollywood films may be banned in Pakistan |url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/bollywood-films-may-banned-pakistan-094000464.html |publisher=[[Yahoo! News]] |date=11 October 2011 |access-date=31 October 2011}}<br />- {{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4639216.stm |title=Pakistan to show Bollywood film |work=BBC News |date=23 January 2006 |access-date=13 February 2008}}</ref> However, in 2019, the screening of Bollywood movies faced an indefinite ban.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zeb |first=Parkha |date=22 February 2023 |title=Pakistan is (finally) getting over its Bollywood mania |url=https://images.dawn.com/news/1191547 |access-date=22 February 2023 |website=Images |language=en}}</ref> Despite challenges faced by the Pakistani film industry, Urdu [[Pakistani dramas|televised dramas]] and theatrical performances remain popular, frequently broadcast by many entertainment media outlets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.browngirlmagazine.com/2015/01/evolving-world-pakistani-dramas-builds-stronger-relations-india/ |title=The Evolving World of Pakistani Dramas Builds Stronger Relations With India |date=21 January 2015 |publisher=Brown Girl |last1=Shaikh |first1=Naila |access-date=25 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428110047/http://www.browngirlmagazine.com/2015/01/evolving-world-pakistani-dramas-builds-stronger-relations-india/ |archive-date=28 April 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Urdu dramas dominate the television entertainment industry, renowned for their quality since the 1990s.<ref>{{cite news|title=Pakistani dramas contribute to the evolution of Indian television |url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/25-Dec-2014/pakistani-dramas-contribute-to-the-evolution-of-indian-television |access-date=25 May 2015 |work=Daily Times|date=25 December 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150719082117/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/entertainment/25-Dec-2014/pakistani-dramas-contribute-to-the-evolution-of-indian-television |archive-date=19 July 2015}}</ref> Pakistani music encompasses diverse forms, from provincial folk music and traditional styles like [[Qawwali]] and [[Ghazal]] Gayaki to modern fusions of traditional and western music.<ref>{{cite news |date=6 September 1997 |title=The stilled voice |work=[[Frontline (magazine)|Frontline]] |url=http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1418/14181230.htm |access-date=30 June 2011 |author1=Amit Baruah |author2=R. Padmanabhan |location=Chennai, India |url-status=dead |archive-date=27 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927003536/http://www.hindu.com/fline/fl1418/14181230.htm}}</ref><!--<ref>{{cite web |author=Adam Nayyar |author-link=Adam Nayyar |title=Origin and History of the Qawwali |year=1988 |publisher=University of Toronto |page=1 |url=https://www.utoronto.ca/jkcourses/mus200/Nayyar_Qawwali.pdf |access-date=20 January 2012 |url-status=live |archive-date=25 July 2022 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/query.php?url=http://www.utoronto.ca/jkcourses/mus200/Nayyar_Qawwali.pdf}}</ref>--> Pakistan boasts numerous renowned folk singers, and the arrival of Afghan refugees in western provinces has sparked interest in Pashto music, despite occasional intolerance.<ref>{{cite news |author=Owais Tohid |date=7 June 2005 |title=Music soothes extremism along troubled Afghan border |newspaper=The Christian Science Monitor |url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/0607/p07s01-wosc.html |access-date=20 January 2012}}</ref>

=== Cuisine ===
{{Main|Pakistani cuisine}}
[[File:2 Chapati warm and ready to be eaten.jpg|[[Chapati]]s served with various side dishes are considered a staple food in Pakistan|thumb]]

Pakistani cuisine, rooted in the royal kitchens of 16th-century Mughal emperors, blends influences from [[British cuisine|British]], [[Indian cuisine|Indian]], [[Central Asian cuisine|Central Asian]], and [[Middle Eastern cuisine|Middle Eastern]] culinary traditions.<ref>{{cite book|last=Goodwin|first=William |title=Pakistan|year=2002 |publisher=Lucent Books|isbn=978-1-59018-218-5|page=79|quote=Pakistani food is similar to that of northern India, with a splash of Middle Eastern influence derived from other Muslim cultures over the centuries.}}</ref> Unlike Middle Eastern fare, Pakistani dishes are heavily spiced with garlic, ginger, turmeric, [[Chili powder|chili]], and [[garam masala]]. [[Roti]], a wheat-based flatbread, accompanies most meals, alongside [[curry]], meat, vegetables, and lentils. Rice is also common, served plain, spiced, or in sweet dishes.{{sfn|Mohiuddin|2007|page=3, 317, 323–324}}<ref>{{cite book |author=Kathleen W. Deady |title=Countries of the world :Pakistan |year=2001 |publisher=Capstone Press |isbn=978-0-7368-0815-6 |pages=13–15}}</ref> [[Lassi]], a traditional drink from the [[Punjab region]], and [[Pakistani tea culture|black tea with milk and sugar]] are popular beverages enjoyed nationwide.<ref name="taxila"/><ref>{{cite book |author=Tarla Dalal |title=Punjabi Khana |year=2007 |publisher=Sanjay & Co |isbn=978-81-89491-54-3 |page=8}}</ref> [[Sohan halwa]], a beloved sweet dish from southern Punjab, is savored across Pakistan.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1074194/sohan-halwa-a-gift-of-saints-city |title=Sohan Halwa a gift of saints' city |date=16 December 2013 |publisher=Dawn.com|access-date=28 February 2014}}</ref>

=== Sports ===
{{Main|Sport in Pakistan}}
{{multiple image
| align             = right
| width1            = 170
| image1            = Pakvaus.jpg
| caption1          = A cricket match between Pakistan and Australia at [[Lord's]].
| width2            = 170
| image2            = Cricket in Iqbal Park (Lahore) and Badshahi Mosque.jpg
| caption2          = Locals playing [[tape ball]] cricket near [[Badshahi Masjid]], Lahore
}}

[[Cricket]] is the most popular sport in Pakistan, followed by [[Association football|football]]. [[Field hockey]] is the national sport. Other sports like [[Squash (sport)|squash]], [[polo]], and [[Traditional games of Pakistan|traditional games]] are also enjoyed.

In cricket, Pakistan boasts victories in all major [[International Cricket Council|ICC]] tournaments, including the [[ICC Cricket World Cup]], [[ICC World Twenty20]], and [[ICC Champions Trophy]]. The [[Pakistan Super League]] ranks among the top [[List of T20 cricket competitions|T20 leagues]] globally.<ref>{{cite web |last=Narayanan |first=Deepu |date=19 June 2017 |title=CT17 final stats: Pakistan become fourth team to win all three ICC crowns |url=https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/95302/ct17-final-stats-pakistan-become-fourth-team-to-win-all-three-icc-crowns |access-date=21 August 2022 |website=[[Cricbuzz]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=13 February 2019 |title=PSL's brand value stands at $230m or Rs 32.258 bn |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/431453-n-a |website=The News International}}</ref>

In football, Pakistan established the [[Pakistan Football Federation]] soon after its creation, and it is known for producing [[FIFA World Cup]] balls.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ahsan |first=Ali |date=23 December 2010 |title=A history of football in Pakistan — Part I |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/593095/a-history-of-football-in-pakistan-part-i |access-date=22 August 2022 |website=[[Dawn (newspaper)|Dawn]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=28 January 2018 |title=Footballs made in Pakistan to be used in FIFA World Cup 2018 |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1620487/7-footballs-made-pakistan-used-fifa-world-cup-2018 |access-date=21 August 2022 |website=[[The Express Tribune]]}}</ref>

In field hockey, Pakistan boasts four [[Men's FIH Hockey World Cup|Hockey World Cup]] wins, eight [[Field hockey at the Asian Games|Asian Games]] gold medals, and three [[Field hockey at the Summer Olympics|Olympic]] gold medals. Squash player [[Jahangir Khan]] holds the record for the longest winning streak in professional sport history, winning 555 consecutive matches.<ref>{{cite book |author=Bill Mallon |title=Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement |author2=Jeroen Heijmans |publisher=Scarecrow |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-8108-7249-3 |edition=4th revised |page=291}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Jahangir Khan recognised as greatest squash player of all time |url=https://unsquashable.com/en-us/blogs/world-tour-highlights/jahangir-khan-recognised-as-greatest-squash-player-of-all-time |access-date=28 August 2023 |website=UNSQUASHABLE |language=en |archive-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918040556/https://unsquashable.com/en-us/blogs/world-tour-highlights/jahangir-khan-recognised-as-greatest-squash-player-of-all-time |url-status=dead }}</ref> Pakistan has hosted various international events, including Cricket and Hockey World Cups and Asian Games.<ref name="ICC-2021">{{cite web |date=16 November 2021 |title=USA to stage T20 World Cup: 2024–2031 ICC Men's tournament hosts confirmed |url=https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/2354682 |access-date=21 August 2022 |website=[[International Cricket Council]]}}</ref>