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=== Religious traditions === {{main|Vegetarianism and religion}} [[File:Florenz fleischtheke.jpg|thumb|[[Catholic Church|Catholic]] nuns buying meat in Italy]] Among the Indian religions, [[Jainism]] opposes the eating of meat, while some [[Buddhist vegetarianism|schools of Buddhism]] and [[Hinduism#Vegetarian Hindus|Hinduism]] advocate but do not mandate vegetarianism.<ref name="Tähtinen 1976">{{cite book |last=Tähtinen |first=Unto |title=Ahimsa: Non-Violence in Indian Tradition |year=1976 |location=London |publisher=Rider |pages=107–111}}</ref><ref name="Walters Portmess 2001">{{cite book |last1=Walters |first1=Kerry S. |author-link=Kerry S. Walters |last2=Portmess |first2=Lisa |title=Religious Vegetarianism From Hesiod to the Dalai Lama |year=2001 |location=Albany |publisher=State University of New York Press |pages=37–91}}</ref> Some [[Sikhism|Sikh]] groups oppose eating any meat.<ref name="Takhar2005">{{cite book |last=Takhar |first=Opinderjit Kaur |title=Sikh identity: an exploration of groups among Sikhs |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aeKWQzesOc4C&pg=PA51 |access-date=November 26, 2010 |year=2005 |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |isbn=978-0-7546-5202-1 |page=51 |chapter=2 Guru Nanak Nishkam Sewak Jatha}}</ref> Jewish ''[[Kashrut]]'' dietary rules allow certain (''[[kosher]]'') meat and forbid other (''[[treif]]'') meat.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/kashrut.html|title=Kashrut: Jewish Dietary Laws|encyclopedia=[[Jewish Virtual Library]]|accessdate=February 3, 2025}}</ref> Similar rules apply in [[Islamic dietary laws]]: The [[Quran]] explicitly forbids meat from animals that die naturally, blood, and the meat of pigs, which are ''[[haram]]'', forbidden, as opposed to ''[[halal]]'', allowed.<ref>{{cite web |title=Definition of Halal |publisher=Halal Monitoring Committee U.K.|accessdate=February 3, 2024 |url=https://halalhmc.org/resources/definition-of-halal/}}</ref>
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