Editing List of Russian people (section)

===Linguists and ethnographers===
{{main|Russian linguists}}
*[[Vasily Abaev]], major researcher of [[Iranian languages]][[File:Baudouin1.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Ivan Baudouin de Courtenay]]]]
*[[Alexander Afanasyev]], leading Russian [[folklorist]], recorded and published over 600 [[Russian fairy tale]]s, by far the largest folktale collection by any one man in the world
*[[Ivan Baudouin de Courtenay]], co-invented the concept of [[phoneme]] and the systematic treatment of [[linguistical alternation]]s, pioneered [[synchronic analysis]] and [[mathematical linguistics]]
*[[Vladimir Bogoraz]], researcher of [[Chukchi people]], founder of the [[Institute of the Peoples of the North]]
*[[Otto von Böhtlingk]], prominent [[Indologist]] and [[Sanskrit grammarian]]
*[[Fyodor Buslaev]], philologist and folklorist, representative of the [[Mythological school]] of [[comparative literature]]
*[[Marina Butovskaya]], [[Ethology|ethologist]] and cultural anthropologist
*[[Vladimir Dahl]], [[Russian language]] [[lexicographer]] of the 19th century, folklorist and [[turkologist]], author of the ''[[Explanatory Dictionary of the Live Great Russian language]]''
*[[Johann Gottlieb Georgi]], explorer, published the first full-scale work on ethnography of [[indigenous peoples of Russia]]
*[[Dmitry Gerasimov]], medieval translator, diplomat and philologist, correspondent of European [[Renaissance]] scholars[[File:1872. Портрет писателя Владимира Ивановича Даля.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Vladimir Dahl]]]]
*[[Vladislav Illich-Svitych]], founder of [[Nostratic]] linguistics
*[[Vyacheslav Ivanov (philologist)|Vyacheslav Ivanov]], founder of [[glottalic theory]] of [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]] [[consonant]]ism
*[[Roman Jakobson]], preeminent 20th-century linguist and literary theorist, a founder of [[phonology]], major [[Slavist]], author of [[Jackobson's Communication Model]]
*[[Pyotr Kafarov]], prominent [[sinologist]], developed the [[cyrillization of Chinese]], discovered ''[[The Secret History of the Mongols]]''
*[[Yuri Knorozov]], linguist, [[epigrapher]] and ethnographer, deciphered the [[Maya script]], proposed a decipherment for the [[Indus script]]
*[[Nikolay Krushevsky]], co-inventor of the concept of [[phoneme]] and the systematic treatment of linguistical alternations
*[[Gerasim Lebedev]], pioneer of [[Indology]], introduced [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali script]] typing to Europe, founded the first European-style [[theater]] in India
*[[Dmitry Likhachov]], major 20th-century expert on [[Old East Slavic]] and literature[[File:Miklukho-Maklai.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai]]]]
*[[Mikhail Lomonosov]], polymath scientist and artist, wrote a [[grammar]] that reformed Russian literary language by combining [[Old Church Slavonic]] with vernacular tongue
*[[Nikolay Lvov]], polymath artist and scientist, compiled the first significant collection of [[Russian folk songs]], published epic [[bylina]]s
*[[Richard Maack]], naturalist and ethnographer of [[Siberia]]
*[[Sergey Malov]], turkologist, classified the [[Turkic alphabet (disambiguation)|Turkic alphabets]], deciphered the ancient [[Orkhon script]]
*[[Nicholas Marr]], put forth a pseudo-linguistic ''[[Japhetic theory]]'' on the [[origin of language]]
*[[Igor Melchuk]], structural linguist, author of [[Meaning-Text Theory]]
*[[Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai]], anthropologist who lived and traveled among the natives of [[Papua New Guinea]] and [[Pacific islands]], prominent [[anti-racist]]
*[[Semyon Novgorodov]], [[Yakuts|Yakut]] politician and linguist, creator of written [[Yakut language]] ([[Sakha scripts]])
[[File:Nikolai Trubetzkoy.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Nikolai Trubetzkoy]]]]
*[[Stephan of Perm]], 14th-century missionary, converted [[Komi Permyaks]] to Christianity and invented the [[Old Permic script]]
*[[Yevgeny Polivanov]], linguist, orientalist and [[polyglot (person)|polyglot]], developed the [[cyrillization of Japanese]]
*[[Nicholas Poppe]], prominent [[Altaic languages|Altaic-language]] researcher
*[[Vladimir Propp]], [[Formalism (literature)|formalist]] scholar, major researcher of [[Folklore|folk tale]]s and [[mythology]]
*[[Isaac Jacob Schmidt]], first researcher of [[Mongolian language]]
*[[Leopold von Schrenck]], naturalist and ethnographer, coined the term ''[[Paleo-Asiatic]] peoples'', the first director of the [[Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography]]
*[[Aleksey Shakhmatov]], founder of [[Textual criticism|textology]], prepared major 20th-century [[reforms of Russian orthography]], pioneered the systematic research of [[Old Russian]] and medieval [[Russian literature]][[File:Zalizn 5.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Andrey Zaliznyak]]]]
*[[Lev Shcherba]], [[phonetician]] and [[phonologist]], author of the ''[[glokaya kuzdra]]'' phrase
*[[Fyodor Shcherbatskoy]], [[Indologist]], initiated the scholarly study of [[Buddhist]] philosophy in the West
*[[Izmail Sreznevsky]], leading 19th-century [[Slavist]], published ''[[Codex Zographensis]]'', ''[[Codex Marianus]]'' and ''[[Kiev Fragments]]''
*[[Sergei Starostin]], prominent supporter of [[Altaic languages|Altaic]] theory, proposed the [[Dené–Caucasian languages]] [[macrofamily]], reconstructed several Eurasian proto-languages
*[[Vasily Tatischev]], geographer, ethnographer and historian, compiled the first encyclopedic [[dictionary]] of [[Russian language]]
*[[Tenevil]], [[Chukchi people|Chukchi]] [[reindeer herder]] who created a writing system for the [[Chukchi language]]
*[[Nikolai Trubetzkoy]], principal developer of [[phonology]] and inventor of [[morphophonology]], defined [[phoneme]], a founder of the [[Prague School]] of [[structural linguistics]]
*[[Dmitry Ushakov]], author of the academic ''[[Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language (Ushakov)|Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language]]''[[File:1908-kl-t-zamenhof.jpg|thumb|90px|[[Ludwik Zamenhof]]]]
*[[Max Vasmer]], leading [[Indo-European languages|Indo-European]], [[Finno-Ugric languages|Finno-Ugric]] and [[Turkic languages|Turkic]] [[etymologist]], author of the ''Etymological dictionary of the [[Russian language]]''
*[[Viktor Vinogradov]], linguist and philologist, founder of the [[Russian Language Institute]]
*[[Alexander Vostokov]], coined the term ''[[Old Church Slavonic]]'', discovered the ''[[Ostromir Gospel]]'' (the most ancient book in [[East Slavic language]]), pioneered the research of [[Russian grammar]]
*[[Andrey Zaliznyak]], author of the comprehensive systematic description of Russian [[inflection]], prominent researcher of the [[Old Novgorod dialect]] and [[birch bark document]]s, proved the authenticity of the ''[[Tale of Igor's Campaign]]''
*[[L. L. Zamenhof]], inventor of [[Esperanto]], the most widely spoken [[Constructed language|constructed]] [[international auxiliary language]]