Editing Johns Hopkins University (section)

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of Johns Hopkins University people}}As of October 2019, prominent [[List of Johns Hopkins University people|Johns Hopkins faculty and alumni]] include [[List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins University|29 Nobel laureates]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Nobel Prize winners – Johns Hopkins University |url=https://www.jhu.edu/research/milestones/nobel-prize-winners/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101200158/https://www.jhu.edu/research/milestones/nobel-prize-winners/ |archive-date=November 1, 2017 |website=Johns Hopkins University}}</ref> 23 [[Rhodes Scholarship|Rhodes Scholars]], a [[Fields Medal]]ist, a [[Woodrow Wilson|President of the United States]], and 2 heads of government of foreign countries.

=== Notable alumni ===
{{Multiple image
| image1            = Mike Bloomberg Headshot.jpg
| caption1          = [[Mike Bloomberg]] (BS 1964), businessman, [[mayor of New York City]] from 2002 to 2013
| image2            = President Wilson 1919.jpg
| caption2          = [[Woodrow Wilson]] (PhD 1886), 28th [[president of the United States]] from 1913 to 1921
| total_width       = 700
| image3            = Thomas Hunt Morgan.jpg
| caption3          = [[Thomas Hunt Morgan]] (PhD 1890), zoologist and geneticist, 1933 [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]]
| image4            = Governor Moore.jpg
| caption4          = [[Wes Moore]] (BA 2001), 63rd [[governor of Maryland]] since 2023
| image5            = Rachel-Carson.jpg
| caption5          = [[Rachel Carson]] (MS 1932), marine biologist and writer, author of ''[[Silent Spring]]''
| align             = center
| width             = 100
| image6            = John Dewey cph.3a51565.jpg
| caption6          = [[John Dewey]] (PhD 1884), philosopher and psychologist, cofounder of [[Pragmatism]]
| image7            = Wolf Blitzer 2017.jpg
| caption7          = [[Wolf Blitzer]] (MA 1972) journalist and news anchor, host of [[CNN]]'s ''The Situation Room''
}}
As the United States’ first institution modeled after the European research university, Johns Hopkins has many alumni who have achieved recognition in academia, including biologist [[Thomas Hunt Morgan]], who received the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] for identifying chromosomes as the mechanical basis of heredity;<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1933/morgan/biographical/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref> pragmatist philosopher and psychologist [[John Dewey]];<ref>{{Citation |last=Hildebrand |first=David |title=John Dewey |date=2024 |editor-last=Zalta |editor-first=Edward N. |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/dewey/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |edition=Summer 2024 |publisher=Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University |editor2-last=Nodelman |editor2-first=Uri |encyclopedia=The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy}}</ref> [[Florence Bascom]], considered the "first woman geologist in America" and the first woman to receive a doctorate from Hopkins;<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Stone Lady, Florence Bascom (U.S. National Park Service) |url=https://www.nps.gov/people/the-stone-lady-florence-bascom.htm |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=www.nps.gov |language=en}}</ref> mathematician [[John Charles Fields]], the namesake of the prestigious [[Fields Medal]] mathematics award; historian [[Frederick Jackson Turner]], who developed the influential "frontier thesis"; theoretical physicist and nuclear scientist [[John Archibald Wheeler|John A. Wheeler]], who is credited with coining the term "black hole";<ref>{{Cite news |last=Overbye |first=Dennis |date=2008-04-14 |title=John A. Wheeler, Physicist Who Coined the Term 'Black Hole,' Is Dead at 96 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/14/science/14wheeler.html |access-date=2025-03-18 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> the "father of medical genetics" [[Victor A. McKusick]]; and Pulitzer Prize-winning Civil War historian [[James M. McPherson]].

Hopkins has graduated numerous alumni in the field of politics and government. Federally elected officials who have been educated at Hopkins include current U.S. Representatives [[Lauren Underwood]], [[Andy Harris (politician)|Andy Harris]], [[Sarah Elfreth|Sara Elfreth]], and [[Kweisi Mfume]]. Three U.S. Senators, [[Daniel Brewster]] and [[George L. P. Radcliffe|George L.P. Radcliffe]], both representing Maryland, and [[Rudy Boschwitz]] of Minnesota, studied at Johns Hopkins.

[[Woodrow Wilson]], the first and only [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] to have a doctorate, received his Ph.D. in history from Johns Hopkins in 1890, when the university was the leading graduate institution in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-13 |title=About Woodrow Wilson {{!}} Wilson Center |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/about-woodrow-wilson |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=www.wilsoncenter.org |language=en}}</ref> 39th [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] and [[Governor of Maryland]] (1967–1969) [[Spiro Agnew]] studied chemistry at Hopkins but never finished his degree.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Witcover |first=Jules |title=White Knight: The Rise of Spiro Agnew |publisher=New York: Random House |year=1972 |isbn=978-0-394-47216-4}}</ref> Other Hopkins alumni who have served as high-ranking executive branch officials include [[United States Secretary of War|Secretary of War]] [[Newton D. Baker]], who presided over U.S. involvement in [[World War I]] during the Wilson administration; [[United States Attorney General|Attorney General]] [[Benjamin Civiletti]] who served in the Carter Administration; and [[United States Secretary of the Treasury|Treasury Secretary]] [[Timothy Geithner|Timothy F. Geithner]] who oversaw U.S. economic recovery from the [[Great Recession]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timothy F. Geithner {{!}} Federal Reserve History |url=https://www.federalreservehistory.org/people/timothy-f-geithner |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=www.federalreservehistory.org}}</ref>

At the state and local level, Maryland Governor [[Wes Moore]] graduated in 2001 and played wide receiver on the football team.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Meet Wes |url=https://wesmoore.com/about/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Wes Moore for Maryland |language=en-US}}</ref> Former [[Lieutenant Governor of Maryland]] and [[Republican National Committee]] [[List of chairs of the Republican National Committee|chairman]] (2009–2011) [[Michael Steele]] is also an alumnus. Former Baltimore Mayor [[Sheila Dixon]] and President of the [[Baltimore City Council]] [[Zeke Cohen]] both earned their master's degrees from Hopkins.

Since 1943, the Johns Hopkins [[School of Advanced International Studies]] has produced many distinguished figures in the United States diplomatic corps as well as experts in defense and security policy, including [[Madeleine Albright]], the first woman to serve as U.S. Secretary of State;<ref>{{Cite news |last=McFadden |first=Robert D. |date=2022-03-23 |title=Madeleine Albright, First Woman to Serve as Secretary of State, Dies at 84 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/23/us/madeleine-albright-dead.html |access-date=2025-01-09 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> [[R. Nicholas Burns]], former [[List of ambassadors of the United States to China|U.S Ambassador to China]] and [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Greece|Greece]], and [[Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs]] in the [[Presidency of George W. Bush|George W. Bush Administration]]; and [[John Hamre]], president and CEO of the [[Center for Strategic and International Studies]] (CSIS).

In business and finance, Hopkins’ alumni include [[Bloomberg L.P.|Bloomberg, L.P.]] founder and [[Mayor of New York City]] (2002–2013) [[Michael Bloomberg|Mike Bloomberg]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Johns Hopkins University |url=https://www.bloomberg.org/founders-projects/johns-hopkins-university/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Bloomberg Philanthropies |language=en-US}}</ref> stockbroker and [[Merrill Lynch & Co.|Merrill Lynch]] co-founder [[Edmund C. Lynch]], [[Liberty Media]] chairman and owner [[John C. Malone]], former [[IBM]] CEO [[Samuel J. Palmisano]], and former [[T. Rowe Price]] CEO and chairman [[Bill Stromberg]].

The [[Johns Hopkins Writing Seminars|Writing Seminars]] at Johns Hopkins is the second-oldest creative writing program in the nation,<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-06-06 |title=Home |url=https://writingseminars.jhu.edu/ |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=The Writing Seminars |language=en-US}}</ref> and has produced such notable writers as [[Postcolonial literature|post-colonialist]] [[Nigerians|Nigerian]] author [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]], [[Pulitzer Prize for Fiction]] winners [[John Barth]] and [[Louise Erdrich]],<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2020-11-12 |title=Louise Erdrich: CV |url=https://magazine.krieger.jhu.edu/2020/11/curriculum-vitae-louise-erdich/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=Arts & Sciences Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref> journalist and ''[[The Rape of Nanking (book)|The Rape of Nanking]]'' (1997) author [[Iris Chang]], and jazz poet [[Gil Scott-Heron]], whose works such as "[[The Revolution Will Not Be Televised]]" (1971) are considered a major precursor to modern [[Hip-hop|rap music]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gil Scott-Heron |url=https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/gil-scott-heron |access-date=2025-01-09 |website=The Poetry Foundation}}</ref> [[Literary modernism|Modernist]] poet and novelist [[Gertrude Stein]] spent four years at the [[Johns Hopkins School of Medicine]], but left before completing her degree.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Young |first=James B. |date=2022 |title=Gertrude Stein: A Physician Who Wasn't to Be |journal=Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal |language=en |volume=18 |issue=4 |pages=97–100 |doi=10.14797/mdcvj.1149 |pmid=36132577 |issn=1947-6108 |pmc=9461683 }}</ref>

In television and journalism, alumni include [[CNN]] anchor [[Wolf Blitzer]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wolf Blitzer |url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/wolf-blitzer |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org}}</ref> senior Washington correspondent for [[NBC News|NBC]] [[Hallie Jackson]]; political satirist and writer [[P. J. O'Rourke|PJ O’Rourke]], and Pulitzer Prize-winning ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' columnist [[Russell Baker]].

In the arts and entertainment, notable alumni include [[The Addams Family (1964 TV series)|''The'' ''Addams Family'']] actor [[John Astin]], [[cinematographer]] and six-time [[Academy Award for Best Cinematography|Academy Award]] nominee [[Caleb Deschanel]], and horror film director [[Wes Craven]], best known for the [[A Nightmare on Elm Street (franchise)|''A Nightmare on Elm Street'' franchise]] and the [[Cult following|cult classic]] films ''[[The Last House on the Left]]'' (1972) and ''[[The Hills Have Eyes (1977 film)|The Hills Have Eyes]]'' (1977) .<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-08-31 |title=Wes Craven, horror genre master and Hopkins graduate, dies at 76 |url=https://hub.jhu.edu/2015/08/31/wes-craven/ |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=The Hub |language=en}}</ref>

In athletics, Johns Hopkins is primarily known for its long and historically dominant lacrosse tradition, which has produced such influential figures as [[Dave Pietramala]], defensive coordinator for [[North Carolina Tar Heels men's lacrosse|UNC]] and head coach of the [[Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse|Johns Hopkins men's lacrosse team]] from 2001 to 2020; [[Paul Rabil]], [[Premier Lacrosse League]] executive and co-founder, and a retired [[Major League Lacrosse]] player; [[Bill Schmeisser|William C. Schmeisser]]; and [[Robert H. Scott]]. [[Wes Unseld Jr.|Wes Unseld Jr.]], assistant coach for the [[National Basketball Association|NBA's]] [[Chicago Bulls]] and former [[Washington Wizards]] head coach, played college basketball at Hopkins.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Association |first=NBA Coaches |date=2024-08-22 |title=Wes Unseld Jr. Assistant Coach Bio {{!}} The Official Website of The NBA Coaches Association |url=https://nbacoaches.com/wes-unseld-jr-assistant-coach-bio/ |access-date=2025-03-18 |website=nbacoaches.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Nobel laureates===
{{Main|List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins University}}
{{as of|2025|March|df=US}}, there have been 34 Nobel Laureates affiliated with Johns Hopkins as students, faculty, or researchers.<ref name="WinnersList"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Frishberg |first=Aron |title=Universities with the Most Nobel Prizes |url=https://www.aronfrishberg.com/projects/university-nobel-prizes |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=www.aronfrishberg.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Prize winners |url=https://www.jhu.edu/research/milestones/nobel-prize-winners/ |access-date=2025-03-21 |website=Johns Hopkins University |language=en}}</ref> [[Woodrow Wilson]], who received his [[Doctor of Philosophy|PhD]] from Johns Hopkins in 1886, was the university's first affiliated laureate, winning the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in 1919.<ref name="WinnersList"/><ref name="Peace1919"/>

Eighteen Johns Hopkins affiliates have won the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]].<ref name="WinnersList"/> Four Nobel Prizes were shared by Johns Hopkins laureates: [[George Minot]] and [[George Whipple]] won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,<ref name="Medicine1934"/> [[Joseph Erlanger]] and [[Herbert Spencer Gasser]] won the 1944 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,<ref name="Medicine1944"/> [[Daniel Nathans]] and [[Hamilton O. Smith]] won the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,<ref name="Medicine1978"/> and [[David H. Hubel]] and [[Torsten N. Wiesel]] won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.<ref name="Medicine1981"/>

Four Johns Hopkins affiliates have won Nobel Prizes in Physics: [[James Franck]] in 1925, [[Maria Goeppert Mayer|Maria Goeppert-Mayer]] in 1963, [[Riccardo Giacconi]] in 2002,<ref name="Physics 2002">{{cite web|url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2002/index.html|title = The Nobel Prize in Physics 2002|access-date = March 13, 2009|publisher = [[Nobel Foundation]]|url-status=live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090324053221/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2002/index.html|archive-date = March 24, 2009}}</ref> [[Bloomberg Distinguished Professorships|Bloomberg Distinguished Professor]] [[Adam Riess]] in 2011.<ref name="Physics 2011">{{cite web|url = http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2011/index.html|title = The Nobel Prize in Physics 2011|access-date = June 2, 2012|publisher = [[Nobel Foundation]]|url-status=live|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120801221425/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2011/index.html|archive-date = August 1, 2012}}</ref>

[[Bloomberg Distinguished Professorships|Bloomberg Distinguished Professor]] [[Peter Agre]] was awarded the 2003 [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] (which he shared with [[Roderick MacKinnon]]) for his discovery of [[aquaporins]].<ref>{{cite web | editor=Karl Grandin | title=Peter Agre Biography | url=http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/2003/agre-autobio.html | work=Les Prix Nobel | publisher=The Nobel Foundation | year=2003 | access-date=July 29, 2008 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706192544/http://nobelprize.org/chemistry/laureates/2003/agre-autobio.html | archive-date=July 6, 2008}}</ref> Bloomberg Distinguished Professor [[Carol Greider]] was awarded the 2009 [[Nobel Prize]] for Physiology or Medicine, along with [[Elizabeth Blackburn]] and [[Jack W. Szostak]], for their discovery that telomeres are protected from progressive shortening by the enzyme telomerase.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.dnalc.org/dnaftb/2009/10/05/blackburn-greider-and-szostak-share-nobel-for-telomeres/ |title=Blackburn, Greider, and Szostak share Nobel |publisher=[[Dolan DNA Learning Center]] |access-date=October 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091022193507/http://blogs.dnalc.org/dnaftb/2009/10/05/blackburn-greider-and-szostak-share-nobel-for-telomeres/ |archive-date=October 22, 2009}}</ref>