Editing History of medicine (section)

=== Nursing ===
The breakthrough to professionalization based on knowledge of advanced medicine was led by [[Florence Nightingale]] in England. She resolved to provide more advanced training than she saw on the Continent. At Kaiserswerth, where the first German nursing schools were founded in 1836 by [[Theodor Fliedner]], she said, "The nursing was nil and the hygiene horrible."<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_pZCpAISbVkC&pg=PA113 |title=Nursing and Social Change |vauthors=Baly MF |publisher=Routledge |year=2002 |isbn=978-0203424872 |page=113}}</ref> Britain's male doctors preferred the old system, but Nightingale won out and her Nightingale Training School opened in 1860 and became a model. The Nightingale solution depended on the patronage of upper-class women, and they proved eager to serve. Royalty became involved. In 1902 the wife of the British king took control of the nursing unit of the British army, became its president, and renamed it after herself as the [[Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps]]; when she died the next queen became president. Today its Colonel in Chief is [[Sophie, Countess of Wessex]], the daughter-in-law of [[Queen Elizabeth II]]. In the United States, upper-middle-class women who already supported hospitals promoted nursing. The new profession proved highly attractive to women of all backgrounds, and schools of nursing opened in the late 19th century. Nurses were soon a part of large hospitals, where they provided a steady stream of low-paid idealistic workers. The International Red Cross began operations in numerous countries in the late 19th century, promoting nursing as an ideal profession for middle-class women.<ref>{{cite book |title=Nursing, The Finest Art: An Illustrated History |vauthors=Donahue MP |date=2011 |publisher=Mosby Elsevier |isbn=978-0-323-05305-1 |edition=3rd |location=Maryland Heights, Mo. |pages=112–125}}</ref>